Any building material, including roofing, is not eternal and has a certain operational life, after which the building owner is faced with the need for a new roof covering. Roofing material has a fairly long service life, and is likely to installation times of the previous roof, a significant number of decades have passed, during which the market building materials enriched considerably.
In the article, we will analyze how to cover the roof of a private house with our own hands and how much it will cost.
In this article
The choice of roofing
First of all, you need to decide: how to cover the roof of a private house? At the moment, there are many different roofing coverings with different characteristics. Let's consider the main ones:
Remember that the right roofing material is half the battle in roofing.
Definition required amount roofing material depends on the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof, which is easy to calculate on your own. It is important to add 10-15% to the resulting number of square meters due to overlapping roofing and up to 25% if the roof has a complex shape and will require frequent cutting of the material.
Overlay preparation
In addition to the roofing material itself, you will also need a construction tool and preparation of the entire truss system for laying a new coating. Associated costs can reach up to 50-100% of the required cost of roofing materials.
So, regardless of the chosen roof, you will need:
- Hammer, tools for cutting roofing material, drill and screwdriver for fixing the roof;
- Fasteners if they are not included with the roofing material;
- Roulette, level and pencil for measurements;
- Materials for creating a frame for the selected roof.
Before covering the roof, it is necessary to critically inspect the condition of the entire rafter system in order to search for rot, mold and fungus. If you decide to change the roofing due to constant leaks, then the listed troubles will find themselves in many places. Laying a new roof on a damaged truss system does not make sense - it is a waste of time and money. You will probably have to completely or partially replace the damaged wooden elements, change the insulation and insulating materials.
If the inspection showed that the truss system is in order and you only need to update the roof finish, you still need to carry out the crate for the selected material:
- Under flexible tiles, a continuous crate system is created from moisture-resistant plywood or calibrated timber;
- Under other types of roofing, it is required to fill the lathing with slats in increments of 35-50 cm, depending on the material and the angle of the roof.
The procedure for performing roofing work
The success of the planned renovation of the roof depends on the knowledge of how to properly cover the roof. Recall the basic procedure for overlapping the roof with your own hands:
- Do not forget about the weather conditions: it is good if the weather is calm and calm. Some materials (like flexible tile or ondulin) require additional special temperature regime. In no case should you cover the roof in the wind or rain - it is dangerous to health and life!
- First of all, the rafters are installed (or checked) - they must be made of dry wood without knots and cracks;
- Further, a heater is laid between the rafter legs from the inside, and a layer on top waterproofing material. Laying roll materials always made with an overlap of 10-15 cm of all joints;
- Stuffing the crate is made according to the requirements of the selected roofing material. General rule- observance of one level and the creation of an even flooring for the future roof;
- Laying roofing is made from the lower slope to the ridge with the obligatory determination of the level and evenness of each element. Particular attention is required to such elements as the valley, the adjoining of the roof to pipes or ventilation shafts;
- The final event is the installation of the roof ridge. Its installation is carried out according to the rules defined for each roofing material.
Budgeting
In conclusion, consider how much it costs to cover the roof in a private house. As we found out earlier, the largest amount of funds will be required to purchase the roofing material itself. Knowing the area of \u200b\u200bthe roof, it is easy to calculate how much it will cost to purchase it, taking into account the margin for joints and other possible cases.
When planning expenses, it is important to take into account the condition of the entire truss system: if it requires repair or complete replacement, then the costs will increase at least 2-3 times. However, these are necessary and necessary expenses, since the operational life of the roof directly depends on the quality of the truss system.
A possible point in the expenditure map being drawn up will be the involvement of hired forces, if you cannot rely on your own forces alone. The cost of the services of hired builders is quite high, and therefore one of the main opportunities to save on roofing is to do all the work yourself.
Roof covering is a laborious and rather costly process, which often does not come down to just replacing the roofing. When planning this process, it is important to seriously assess the condition of the truss system and calculate in advance all the costs of building a new roof.
The article details the composition of roofing cake» of the roof, the rationale for the need for each layer is given and some of the nuances are described. After reading, you will confidently navigate the issue of prices for roofing and will be able to calmly discuss with a construction company the roofing of a private house.
What is the roof made of?
The roof is an extensible concept, since it is usually understood as a coating, which consists of a “roofing pie” and racks connecting load-bearing walls with a coating (Mauerlat, rafters, racks). But if we talk about how to properly cover the roof of a private house, then attention should be focused on the roofing pie and the crate.
Before overlapping, the coating material is selected. It is from this choice that the necessary parameters of the crate, the method of laying and, of course, the total budget of the project will depend.
Roofing cake consists of:
battens. The crate distributes the pressure of the coating on the rafters. Depending on the coating material, a discharged or continuous crate is arranged. A solid crate provides for a distance between the slats of less than 1 cm. A solid crate is usually arranged in two layers: first, the slats are stuffed onto the rafters, and then the plywood. This type of crate is necessary for soft tiles, metal tiles and flat slate. A plywood layer with such a cake device acts as an additional moisture and sound insulation. But for corrugated sheets of steel or slate coating, cement-sand and clay tiles, a discharged crate is used.
In the grooves of the crate or between the rafters fit insulation. Usually it is mineral wool. Insulation is needed to save energy for heating in winter period. Almost a quarter of the heat "flies away" through the roof, because warm air always rises.
The insulation is covered waterproofing designed to prevent condensation of moisture from the outside air in the insulation layer. Not all moisture is retained by the coating, so waterproofing will keep the insulation for a long time.
Placed on top of the insulation counter-batten. It separates the coating and insulation, creating an air gap as an additional warming layer. In addition, due to the additional air layer, micro-ventilation of the waterproofing surface occurs.
Fits on the counter-batten coating, which can be of different shapes and sizes, everything here depends only on the preferences of the customer.
Often, it is better to provide additional steam protection from the inside of the heater. Condensation may form in the attic, especially if there are engineering Communication. The ingress of moisture on the insulation will significantly reduce the heat-insulating properties.
Floor material options
The modern building materials market provides a huge number of options for roofing. Let's start with the most familiar and traditional, discuss the advantages and disadvantages, and then provide information on exotic coating options. In the end, we will draw a conclusion about the cost of material and work, bringing all the information into a table.
Slate
Slate is a traditional, proven tool that is still one of the most popular flooring options. Slate is cheap, of sufficient quality and time-tested. The main disadvantage is the weight and fragility of the material, which require updating or replacing the crate.
With special care you need to approach the fastening of the slate. Firstly, the direction of laying sheets depends on the direction of the wind. The overlap must be turned to the leeward side, otherwise the sheets may be pulled out by gusty winds.
Nails are selected with a mandatory rubber gasket.
Decking
Metal sheets with various colors of anti-corrosion coating. Particular attention should be paid to avoid scratches. Damage to the anti-corrosion coating significantly reduces the service life of the material.
metal tile
It is a popular and easy to handle material. A variety of palettes will allow you to decorate the most boring design. The material is laid from the bottom up. Also, do not forget about soundproofing.
On our website you can find the most . In the filters, you can set the desired direction, the presence of gas, water, electricity and other communications.
Soft tiles
Perhaps the easiest material to install, under which, nevertheless, a continuous crate is required and good waterproofing. When calculating the budget, these factors should be taken into account. The material has only one drawback: it can only be laid at positive temperatures.
Clay tile
Clay tile is fragile and heavy, but durable material. Such a coating is used longer than slate, but it is quite difficult to mount it, and therefore expensive. Is it worth it - everyone decides for himself.
Cost of work
Let's calculate the approximate cost of roofing work. Our calculation will include materials, alteration of the crate, hydro and vapor barrier, roof insulation and installation of the coating, as well as the installation of a ridge. The calculation will be carried out at average prices for a square house measuring 10x10 meters. Gable roof such a house will have an area of \u200b\u200bone slope of 60 square meters, respectively, the total coverage area of \u200b\u200b120 squares at an angle of inclination of 35 degrees.
The first step is dismantling of the old coating and crates. Average price tag in Russia: 250 rubles. per square. This means that for our standard house it will cost 30 thousand rubles.
The next step is installation of insulation boards. The cost of the material is on average 2000 rubles per square meter, plus installation will cost 100 rubles per square. It turns out 252 thousand rubles
Installation of waterproofing. The price of the material is on average 150 rubles per square, plus the work will cost 80 rubles. Total 27600
It will cost about the same price as the crate. Those. 30 thousand rubles.
On our website you can find contacts construction companies who offer services roof design and repair. You can directly communicate with representatives by visiting the exhibition of houses "Low-Rise Country".
metal tile will cost 400 rubles per square meter, plus 300 rubles. it is worth blocking sq.m. roofs. So 84000 will cost installation.
Installation of the skate. The average cost of a 2-meter section of a ridge for a metal tile is 450 rubles. Installation will cost about 150 rubles for running meter. Total: 3750
In total it turned out 427 thousand. But you need to take into account unforeseen expenses, and therefore we will round the amount received to 450 thousand rubles. It goes without saying that this is a very average value, it all depends on the cost of building materials and construction work in a particular region. But in any case, such a calculation can show you how much money it will take to cover the roof of a private house.
Here is a small table of coating materials with average prices for the fall of 2018.
The calculations also need to take into account the cost of the crate, which may vary depending on the method of sheathing, the cost of repairing the truss system and repairing the ventilation shaft and risers.
exotic roof
Exotic roofs are significantly more expensive, both in terms of building materials and installation. An exotic roof refers to a reed or garden roof.
Reeds are exotic, but at the same time practical. This material does not require waterproofing and vapor barrier. Large thickness guarantees good noise protection. At the same time, the reed does not burn due to the special impregnation of the material, rodents will not start in it, it will not drip or rot. Firms-manufacturers of euro-cane give a guarantee for 50 years.
On the other hand, reeds are very expensive. A sheaf of eurocane costs about 200 rubles, but there are 4-5 sheaves per square meter, and the roof is often covered in two layers. In this case, the overlap of the roof will cost an average of 2000-2500 rubles per square meter.
The rooftop garden is another trend that has come to us from Europe. The garden is beautiful, it will save heat well, due to the layer of earth, but at the same time it can leak when incorrect installation. Gardens can be extensive and intensive. The first is a kind of "lawn on the roof." Undersized and unpretentious plants are planted on 20 cm of soil. But an intensive garden is a roof with a large amount of soil and real trees.
The garden will cost you 10 thousand rubles. per square meter, not counting the cost of creating an ecosystem. At the same time, the repair and dismantling of such a roof is associated with a large number of problems. It is almost impossible to repair such a roof without destroying the garden, and for dismantling it will be necessary to literally “rip off” the entire roof to the rafters, which can easily become unusable from leaks. Roofing a house on such a garden will be many times more expensive than with ordinary material, but the view in this case will be much more aesthetic.
Video description
From the video you can learn how to cover the roof with corrugated board:
Conclusion
The modern market is ready to offer you the most different materials for roofing: from ordinary slate and metal tiles to various soft coatings and exotic options. You need to choose according to the appearance of the building, your own wishes and budget. In any case, when choosing what material to cover the roof with, it is better to make a preliminary cost calculation in order to know what to focus on in negotiations.
If you decide to cover the roof with slate, you need to know some of the subtleties of this work. In this business, as in any other, there are many subtleties and nuances, but by carefully preparing for this work, it can be done efficiently and in a short period of time.
Dismantling of slate roof
If you decide to make a new roof, first of all you need to take care of dismantling the old roof. Dismantling must be done very carefully, this will allow you to save and reuse some building materials.
Work on the dismantling of old roof structures is extremely inconvenient for one simple reason - they take place at a height. First of all, you need to prepare all the necessary tools.
What may be needed:
- high enough and comfortable stairs,
- special roof ladder
- screwdriver with a set of nozzles,
- rope,
- hammer,
- nail puller.
It is also necessary to take care of the block system with which you will lower and raise the roofing material.
Throwing old slate off the roof is not safe. It will be convenient to work if you make a sled from the boards and carefully lower them down along with the slate.
After it is removed, it is necessary to inspect. IN wooden elements rot may form. If problem areas are found, they must be replaced with new ones. After that, the rafters are treated with antiseptic materials.
Slate roof technology
Covering the roof is quite simple and the work does not require special professional training. If you have basic skills in construction, then this job will suit you. This technology is based on certain rules and a clear sequence of actions. If you strictly observe all the conditions for the execution of the process, then the result will correspond to the specified parameters by 100%.
Roof frame check
Particular attention should be paid, as it bears the weight of the entire structure. Check the insulation between the wall and the Mauerlat and the strength. If you find it necessary to replace some parts, this must be done immediately. It may also be necessary to build a new frame.
The rafter frame is the supporting part of the roof, so the slightest presence of rot, bug, dry rot, the presence of cracks in the wood requires immediate replacement with a new unit. If this truss system was installed a long time ago, it is necessary to carry out anti-fungal and fire-fighting wood treatment. It is also necessary to check the strength of the rafters and the crate.
Attention should be paid to the question of what kind of slate this roof will be covered with. The slate has different sizes, so the crate is mounted to a specific size.
If necessary, the rafters should be aligned in one plane. This will help to give the roof neatness, and during installation to avoid splitting the slate sheets.
Waterproofing
In the construction of the roof is very important. In order for the roof to leak and subsequently not cause much trouble, it must be good. Slate will protect the roof from atmospheric precipitation, and waterproofing can protect the entire system from the accumulation and penetration of water and condensate into the gaps between the roof elements.
Roofing material laying
Before you start laying slate, experts strongly advise putting a layer of roofing material on the crate. The edges of the waterproofing must be brought out into the drainage gutters. This is necessary so that condensation does not accumulate.
The order of work on the installation of the roof
The basic rule that should be followed in the work is that laying should be done from the cornice overhang towards the ridge.
Technology: sheets that are adjacent to each other horizontally must be overlapped (in one or two waves), the vertical overlap must be at least 200mm.
There are several laying options, but in any case, one thing should be followed - the overlap should be on the leeward side.
Scheme of laying wave slate: the first sheet is installed in the bottom row from the front overhang, then the next pair of sheets is mounted along the bottom row. The next step is 2 sheets in the top subsequent row, one in the bottom.
Scheme of installation and installation
Some experts prefer the way of laying slate "in a row". This is when each new row is stacked with a shift relative to the previous one. The correct laying technology is considered from the bottom up - from the eaves to the ridge. If wave slate installed according to all the rules, it will last at least 50 years.
It is very important to consider the place for attaching the slate:
- for 7-wave - 2 and 5 ledges,
- for 2 and 6 ledges.
The slate is fastened with special nails with plastic or rubber linings. Nails should not be driven in too tightly, otherwise the sheets may split.
Summing up, it can be noted that covering the roof with slate is a rather responsible matter. It is worth taking on it only if you are fully familiar with the intricacies of this case.
You will learn more about how to properly lay the slate on the roof with your own hands from the video.
Most developers believe that it is very difficult to cover the roof, but I will say this: if all the work is done according to the technology and drawings, then there is nothing difficult about it. Of course, in addition to the actions themselves, you will have to know some of the nuances of the materials themselves, but I will help you with this now.
Roof
The roof of the building is one of the most important components of the entire building. A special role here is given to the type of roofing system and its frame, roofing and waterproofing used. Ventilation and protective materials go to the secondary plan, although it is due to them that the operation of the entire roof system is set.
Any roof is essentially the face of the entire building. Looking at it, you can understand what income the residents have, whether they take care of their home or do not pay attention to it at all. Just one look is enough to understand whether you will like the people you are going to visit or will be somewhat repulsive. Of course, you should not take the roof as a reflection of a person, but as practice shows, this is often the case.
Residential roofing will be somewhat different from those that are created to cover temporary structures. Almost always it consists of the following layers:
- Vapor barrier material
- crate
- thermal insulation
- Roofing
This roof structure is suitable for a residential building. There is a heat-insulating product in the roofing cake, therefore, the heat aimed at heating the room will not fly out through the roof and will be able to warm the residents for a long time. In general, the structure of the roofing pie depends on many factors and is selected based on the purpose of the building and some nuances.
Vapor barrier layer
Overlapping the roof of the house with your own hands allows you to independently select roofing products. Of course, this is a double-edged sword, since the use of low-quality products will seriously affect the duration of operation, but at the same time, you can seriously save both time and finances. 
The vapor barrier layer is a very important component of the roofing pie. It does not allow steam to penetrate into it and thus leaves the heat-insulating boards dry. This is a serious nuance, because if a small amount of moisture gets on them, heat loss will immediately increase several times. By the way, if something similar happened to you or your friends, then you probably know that drying thermal insulation products will not help much. You can no longer return the initial characteristics of thermal insulation.
In total, there are about two or three vapor barrier layers in a high-quality roofing pie, it all depends on the coverage and climatic conditions of the region. It should be noted that most of the moisture comes from the underlying premises, where human activity is maximum. An example is food preparation. A large amount of steam is released here, which rises into the attic space.
As a rule, vapor barrier layers are laid on the rafter legs and on the crate. In the second case, it often happens that this role is given to the lining material, which not only isolates the space from moisture, but also levels the plane, making it more suitable for laying the coating.
To date, there are plenty of vapor barrier materials on the construction market, therefore, there may be some problems with the choice. If you want maximum efficiency, then membranes are for you. They have a serious advantage over films. Their body is perforated, so the steam will not linger in the attic for a long time and will be quietly removed. natural ventilation. It is worth noting that moisture will not have a return path, since the membrane works only in one direction.
Lathing device
Most beginner developers are well aware of how to lay the foundation and build walls, but when they reach the roof, they stop and ask the same question: “how to cover the roof of the house with your own hands?” As already mentioned, this is quite simple to do if you know the process. In cases where zero construction is underway, you first need to think over the base for the roofing pie. 
The crate is created from lumber (beams or boards) and is laid on top of the rafter legs. In some cases, there is a counter-batten in front of the crate. It raises the entire roof plane to a certain height and creates a ventilation gap so that gusts of wind can blow condensate out of the under-roof space. No matter how complex or simple the truss system, the size of the counter-lattice is 2-5 centimeters.
As for the crate itself, it can be metal or wood. Metal has some advantages over wood, since with a smaller mass it can have greater rigidity. In addition, such material is more durable and requires less maintenance. Among the shortcomings, it is worth highlighting the high cost, therefore, in private construction metal crate is quite rare.
Lathing of lumber can be created in a discharged or continuous way. In the first case, a certain distance is set between its main elements, which is maintained from the cornice overhang to the ridge. By the way, it is these nodes that are equipped with more durable components, since they have a lot of pressure.
A solid crate has two layers: discharged and solid. To create the first layer, bars or boards are used. Elements are located at the maximum distance from each other, but so that the next layer has at least three anchor points. Top layer decking products are OSB boards or moisture resistant plywood. However, some developers create a solid base and exclusively from boards, but there is one caveat. If you take uncalibrated lumber, you can get a very curved plane, which will become unsuitable for any coating.
A discharged crate is much easier to create. The lengths and cross sections of all elements are taken from the calculations. In addition, it is important to understand what kind of coating will be used in this case. For example, a slate sheet has a rigid body and feels comfortable even when supported by three points, and if you take ondulin, then with an identical crate, the euro slate will sag under its own weight.
Before you think about how to cover the roof of the house, you need to take care of protecting the roof frame. Before laying lumber, they must be treated with protective solutions, namely: antiseptics and flame retardants. In addition, the moisture content of wood at the time of laying should not exceed 20%, otherwise, after installation, it will begin to warp and damage the entire roofing skeleton.
Thermal insulation materials
Often, answering the question: “how to properly cover the roof,” many experts miss the heat-insulating layer, they talk about it superficially, which cannot be done.
The thermal insulation layer is a very important part of any residential building. Without it, heating the room will last only a few hours, when a high-quality roofing cake with all layers is able to maintain a comfortable temperature for more than a day. If you have ever had a chance to heat the stove in the evening and wake up in the morning in the cold, then you know exactly what poor roof insulation is.
You already know that you need to try as best as possible to isolate this layer from any state of aggregation of water. But it is worth saying that some products do not need it at all, they are hydrophobic, therefore, moisture simply cannot do them any harm. Such materials include expanded polystyrene (styrofoam) And foam glass. The second product stands out for its qualities among the rest, but it is not so often used because of its high cost. As for polystyrene, it is actively used on flat roofs.
In pitched roofing systems, a special air gap is created inside the roofing pie itself. It is achieved by laying small slats on top of thermal insulation boards, after which all this is covered with waterproofing. The air layer allows the wind to blow through the cake and remove condensation from it.
Roofing
The roof covering is the last, and in fact the final, part of the main construction. At this stage, a lot of developers have their own opinion. To date, the construction market has dozens of roofing materials and almost all of them can be laid independently, the main thing is to follow a certain methodology.
- Any roof covering keeps within from below-up. This allows you to work in the most comfortable position and adhere to the intended overlap.
- If the material has a wavy structure, then it is laid according to the wind rose, which is drawn according to the indications of the prevailing winds for a particular region. Having studied it, you can confidently say from which side it is better to start the installation of the coating.
- The work of laying sheet roofing products is similar to playing a constructor. Here, each part is laid one by one with some overlap and fastened in a certain place. If the material is metal, then it is best to use self-tapping screws with a rubber lining as fasteners, and if the base includes modified bitumen, then nails are better suited.
At the end of the construction of a pitched roof, a ridge, wind and cornice strips are mounted.
Today, the cheapest material among coatings is some kind of roofing material under the brand name "uniflex". Its manufacturer is the Russian company Technonikol. It has a large line of building materials that are produced in accordance with all standards, so there is no doubt about the quality of products.
Seeing the low price of roofing materials, most developers are wondering how to cover the roof of a house with a uniflex with their own hands? And if you are one of those people, then I will answer you multiple and clear. For this job you will need gas-burner and at most one partner. This material is ideal for flat roofs, since the heat from the fire cannot damage concrete base. However, any roofing material can also be laid on a wooden base, the main thing is that the first layer is attached mechanically, i.e. using nails or screws.
In addition to all of the above, a high-quality roof must have good ventilation draft, otherwise a large amount of condensate will accumulate in the attic space, which will destroy the structure from the inside. By the way, if it does not cope naturally, then you can arrange an artificial one. For this, aerators or deflectors are installed.