Pregnancy is a difficult period for many women, associated with difficult bearing, anxiety and unrest, and an unstable emotional state. In addition, doctors often scare the expectant mother with her diagnoses. In exchange cards, you can sometimes find such an abbreviation as OAA during pregnancy. What is it and how scary is it? You will find answers to these questions in the article.
OAA during pregnancy: transcript
The abbreviation "OAA" means "burdened obstetric history". Let's break it down piece by piece. An anamnesis is a history of a disease from its onset to an appointment with a doctor. But pregnancy is not a disease, but a condition. Therefore, in this area, an obstetric history is everything that is interconnected with other pregnancies and their course. What does the word "burdened" mean? Previously, there could be some that have an impact on the bearing of the unborn baby and successful delivery.
What is OAA?
We got a little acquainted with the concept of OAA during pregnancy. The decoding is known to us, but the essence is not yet entirely clear. This term includes:
- abortions;
- miscarriage;
- childbirth that occurred ahead of time;
- the birth of a child with various defects, malnutrition;
- stillbirth;
- early detachment of the placenta;
- anomalies of attachment of the placenta;
- birth canal injuries;
- adhesions, scars;
- narrowness of the pelvis;
- fetal asphyxia;
- condition of other children after birth;
- congenital defects and complications in previous children;
- other complications.
These factors have a huge impact on the course of subsequent pregnancies and their outcome, so they must be taken into account by the doctor in order to reduce possible risks to the maximum.
There is a concept similar to OAA - OGA, which means "aggravated gynecological history." It includes everything related to a woman's health in terms of gynecology: the course of menstrual cycles, failures in them, sexual diseases. The concept of OGA is closely interconnected with OAA, therefore they are often called by the general words "burdened obstetric and gynecological history".
It should be noted that the diagnosis of OAA during pregnancy (what it is, we explained above) is made by very many women. So in Russia their number is about 80 percent. A high probability, unfortunately, is not uncommon.
How to minimize risks?
Since OAA is directly related to the state of health of the pregnant woman, it is first of all necessary to prepare for a new expectation of the child in advance. There is a special preconception training for such women, which can be completed without OAA, but in this case it will be simpler.
OAA during pregnancy - what is it and how to minimize the risks? With this diagnosis, a woman must undergo a series of examinations, as well as preventive measures:
- Be examined for infections, and if they are found, be cured.
- Examine the hormonal background and adjust it, if necessary.
- Treatment of concomitant pregnancy diseases of various systems and many others.
Thanks to such methods, the risk of possible involuntary termination of pregnancy is significantly reduced and the health of the expectant mother is preserved.
In addition, if a woman knows that she has OAA, then it is important to register as early as possible, since lost time can affect the preservation of the child's life and its proper development.
The doctor should be aware of everything related to the health of the pregnant woman. It happens that a woman has previously terminated a pregnancy with medication, or there has been a miscarriage for some reason. In this case, with a new pregnancy, these factors may still remain. Moreover, termination of pregnancy causes trauma to the uterus. Therefore, the presence and influence of such factors on a new pregnancy cannot be ruled out.
Also, the presence of complications in previous pregnancies may be due to the fact that there were features in the structure of the organs that cannot be changed.
Measures taken
Do you have OAA during pregnancy? How to treat? In this matter, you need to completely trust your doctor and strictly follow his instructions. Knowing that the pregnant woman had OAA in the past, the specialist must take the necessary measures to prevent possible complications. To do this, the following is done: a risk group is determined, individual measures are selected to accompany pregnancy. In some cases, for example, a woman needs to be hospitalized at certain times when there is the greatest likelihood of risks. In addition, women with OAA are most often hospitalized two weeks before the upcoming birth.
Unfortunately, many women do not tell their doctor if they have had an abortion or miscarriage in the past. A specialist, not knowing about such phenomena, may underestimate the possible risks, and the consequences in the future will be disastrous. It is best to tell the doctor everything.
C-section
For women expecting a second child, a caesarean section during their first pregnancy is also a risk factor, as it leaves a scar. Moreover, it is possible that it can lead to the death of both the baby and his mother.
After operations on the uterus, a caesarean section is indicated for subsequent births, because in this case, the passage of the child through the natural birth canal is risky. During the entire pregnancy, specialists fill out an exchange card, carefully study the anamnesis, medical history, and determine the presence of unfavorable heredity. All this information serves to decide whether the birth will be natural or by caesarean.
Often, the second pregnancy can also end tragically, like the first: the intrauterine death of the child for some reason. Medical personnel must identify possible ongoing pathological processes and take all measures to prevent a tragic outcome. In order to avoid possible terrible consequences, it is necessary to plan a pregnancy in advance.
Child health and TAA
Do you have OAA during pregnancy? What is it and how can it affect the health of the child? This diagnosis can have a significant impact on the health of the baby. For example, the presence of infectious diseases of the genital tract, due to which this diagnosis was made, can lead to infection of the child during childbirth. But if the doctor is a competent specialist, then this simply cannot happen.
It is also necessary to remember that hereditary factors can also have a huge impact on the bearing of a child. A pregnant woman with diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, can pass them on to her daughter, for whom they will become a real problem at the time of expecting her child.
OAA itself is not hereditary. However, often hereditary diseases can manifest themselves precisely during the period of expectation of the child. Therefore, at the stage of pregnancy planning, you need to know well the detailed information about the health of relatives. It does not interfere with genetic testing.
Emotional mood
Women with OAA during / during pregnancy are at risk for possible complications during childbearing and childbirth. But it is connected not only with physiology. Such women have a completely different attitude towards a new pregnancy than women with a favorable anamnesis.
It is imperative for such pregnant women to attend a variety of preventive and therapeutic measures held in the antenatal clinic and in the hospital.
It must be remembered that OAA during pregnancy is not a sentence, but rather an indication to the doctor to choose the right path. There is no need to be scared if the abbreviation OAA is found in the card. It is possible that there will be no complications during pregnancy. But in case of ignorance of the doctor about OAA, the occurrence of risks is most possible.
Do you have OAA during pregnancy? What it is, you now know. And now there is no need to panic, it is better to listen to some advice. For the correct and full development of pregnancy, it is necessary to attend consultations of specialists, follow all the recommendations and appointments prescribed by them, and lead a correct lifestyle. It is important not to miss appointments with the doctor, and also to tell him truthfully all the necessary information so that the unborn baby is born healthy.
A lot depends on the mother herself, so it is necessary to make every effort so that the pregnancy proceeds easily, and the upcoming birth is successful.
Content
Depending on the information received by the doctor during the diagnostic survey of the patient, a preliminary conclusion is formulated about the nature of the disease. For this reason, it is equally important for both participants in the process to have an informative conversation.
What is anamnesis
Adequate therapy of the disease is impossible without clarifying its etiology and clinical features. At the same time, the choice of medical tactics is carried out taking into account other information obtained during the collection of anamnesis (from the Greek anamnesis - recollection). The latter is considered a universal diagnostic method, which, together with a general examination, makes it possible to make a diagnosis without additional procedures. In medicine, anamnesis is information obtained by interviewing a patient or persons who know him. The quality of the conversation largely depends on the communication skills of the doctor.
Anamnesis of life
Making an accurate diagnosis often requires identifying the individual characteristics of the patient. Such information is the anamnesis of life (anamnesis vitae). The doctor receives information regarding the physical, social and psychological development of the patient. In a situation requiring emergency care, only the basic information that is necessary for diagnosis and adequate treatment is clarified. There are the following types of anamnesis vitae:
- pediatric (children's biography);
- social;
- endemic;
- professional;
- epidemiological;
- climatic;
- obstetric;
- gynecological;
- genealogical;
- allergic.
Medical history
Information about the initial symptoms of the pathological condition and the features of its course plays a major role in making a preliminary diagnosis. The anamnesis of the disease (anamnesis morbi) is important for finding out the factors contributing to the unfolding of the clinical picture of the disease. In addition, the data obtained during the questioning of the patient help to differentiate an acute condition from a chronic or recurrent one.
Collection of anamnesis
Questioning to obtain information about the occurrence and course of the disease in an individual patient is an integral part of the initial medical examination. At the same time, special attention is paid to the psychological compatibility of the doctor and the patient. You can understand what an anamnesis is by examining the points of a specially designed plan, according to which medical workers are recommended to conduct a survey in the following order:
- Existing complaints and feelings.
- The history of the development of the present pathology
- Heredity (identification of genetic predisposition)
- Features of the patient's lifestyle: living conditions, work, etc.
- Previous illnesses.
- Characteristics of the psychological development of the patient.
Allergological history
During the diagnostic conversation, the doctor finds out if the patient (or blood relatives) has hypersensitivity reactions. An allergic history is collected in order to prevent possible consequences of taking drugs. In the case of determining the patient's reactions of sensitization of the organism to drugs, the names of the corresponding drugs are specified. In addition, it turns out what symptoms occur in the patient after contact with the allergen.
Gynecological history
An anamnesis in gynecology helps the doctor to make some preliminary conclusions, which are later confirmed or refuted by the examination. Gynecological anamnestic data are collected according to the following scheme:
- the nature of menstruation;
- sexual function;
- the state of the reproductive organs;
- information about previously transferred infectious and inflammatory diseases of the female genital area;
- childbearing function (number of pregnancies, childbirth, abortions, miscarriages);
- surgical interventions.
Complicated gynecological history
Some diseases pose a real threat to the normal functioning of the female reproductive system. The diagnosis of AGA, or burdened gynecological history, is made if the patient has any previously transferred pathological conditions. A burdened history during childbearing is evidenced by:
- late toxicosis;
- hypertonicity;
- miscarriage;
- abortions;
- previously transferred gynecological diseases;
- anomalies of attachment of the placenta;
- the birth of children with malformations;
- stillbirth;
- infections of the genitourinary system (both in the acute stage and in remission);
- delivery by caesarean section.
Psychological history
A psychological history helps to assess the mental state of the patient. In the course of a conversation taking place in the mode of a confidential conversation, the patient's attitude to his own person and the disease that has arisen is clarified. The correct assessment of the results of the survey plays an important role in the appointment of adequate treatment for the patient.
Family history
Information about diseases suffered by close relatives of the patient is very important for determining the genetic predisposition of the patient. In this case, a family history is of paramount importance for the detection of hereditary pathologies. An equally important role in diagnosing the latter is played by the determination of the ethnic origin of a particular unit of society. During the collection of a family history, the following information is established:
- the age of the parents;
- diseases and causes of death of blood relatives;
- educational level and professional skills;
- family composition.
Video
Attention! The information provided in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and give recommendations for treatment, based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.
Did you find an error in the text? Select it, press Ctrl + Enter and we'll fix it!It is a collection of data that includes a wide range of factors that correlate with the state of the reproductive and reproductive systems of the female body. Particular attention is required to be paid to the nature of sexual, menstrual, reproductive and secretory functions, as well as past diseases and various surgical interventions.
Conducting a survey
During the interview of the patient, it is necessary to organize it in accordance with the following scheme:
- Passport data of the patient.
- existing complaints.
- Pathologies transferred in the past.
- Functioning of the reproductive system.
- The functioning of the urinary system and intestines.
- Presence of pain sensations and their nature.
- The history of the formation of this pathology.
After completing the collection of information for compiling a gynecological history, the doctor assesses the general condition of the patient - her blood pressure is measured and her pulse rate is determined, then an examination of the whole body is organized, the lungs and heart are listened, etc. Then the doctor proceeds to a two-handed examination and, according to indications, other diagnostic methods are used.
It is important!
If there is an urgent need for surgical intervention in acute conditions, the specialist is often deprived of the opportunity to conduct an additional study, and also cannot observe a complete picture of the disease in dynamics. Much attention is paid to the age of the patient.
The role of the menstrual cycle in history
The main and primary link in the collection of a gynecological history is an assessment of the function of menstruation, which subsequently plays an important role in diagnosing the disease.
When assessing menstrual function, the following points become the main consideration:
- The beginning of the first menstruation and its features.
- The duration of the menstrual cycle, and from when the regular cycle was established.
- The duration and nature of bleeding during menstruation, features and volume of blood loss.
- Changes in the menstrual cycle after the onset of sexual activity, childbirth and abortion.
- Date of last normal menstrual period.
The time of the onset of menstruation indicates the degree of development of the reproductive system in a girl - whether this process is normal or with deviations. For example, the appearance of the first menstruation after the age of 16 and the accompanying pain indicate the infantilism of the reproductive system. This is also indicated by the time it took to establish menstruation - more than six months. At the same time it is necessary to take into account hereditary factors.
The course of the menstrual cycle and menstruation enable the specialist to conclude that the patient may have diseases. As an example of a gynecological history, if a patient has heavy and prolonged bleeding, then this may indicate the development of inflammation of the uterus or a malfunction of the ovaries, an abnormal position of the uterus and other pathologies that correlate with stagnation of blood in the small pelvis. As for non-gynecological problems, the doctor may suspect infectious pathologies, blood flow disorders, or hypovitaminosis.
It is important!
The appearance of bleeding between periods can indicate signs of tumor development, polyps in the uterus or ovaries, or the result of a hormonal imbalance in the female body.
The absence of menstruation in a woman of reproductive age increases the doctor's suspicions about the presence of polycystic ovaries, neuroendocrine abnormalities and intoxications in the body. 
Sometimes pain during menstruation is considered a consequence of infantilism of the reproductive system, improper location of the uterus or inflammation of the genital organs. A burdened gynecological history requires a more thorough examination of the patient.
In connection with the listed deviations, we can conclude that it is very important when visiting a doctor to tell him as much information as possible about the menstruation cycle. An integrated approach to the treatment of pathology helps to diagnose possible deviations at the early stages of their development and make the treatment process as effective as possible.
The main components of the anamnesis
Special gynecological history is a broad concept and is not only information about the menstrual cycle. At the same time, the doctor must establish the characteristics of a woman’s sexual life, namely, the usefulness of sexual desire, because its decrease or complete absence in reproductive age may indicate anatomical failures in the structure of the organs of the reproductive system and some complex gynecological diseases.
It is important!
The specialist should clarify with the woman whether there are any violations during sexual intercourse, whether it causes pain. The gynecologist also pays attention to the issues of contraception used by the patient. For example, intrauterine contraceptives can cause pain during menstruation, heavy bleeding, etc.
Information about previously transferred gynecological and venereal pathologies, obtained in the process of collecting data from the anamnesis, helps the doctor to find out the main cause of complaints. A complicated gynecological history also occurs when diseases that have not been treated in the past appear after a certain time.
If the doctor has information about the patient's problems in the past, then it will not be difficult for him to identify this and develop an appropriate treatment in a short time. In this case, the patient must strictly adhere to all recommendations and periodically visit a specialist for a follow-up examination.
State budgetary educational institution of higher professional education
"Bashkir State Medical University"
Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology No. 1
Head department: professor, d.m.s. U.R. Khamadyanov
Teacher:
HISTORY OF BIRTH
Surname, name, patronymic of the mother
FULL NAME.__________________________________________________________________
Curator:
4th year student
Groups ________
FULL NAME.______________________
Academic year
Birth history plan
I. Passport part
1. Surname, name, patronymic
2. Age
3. Profession
4. Date and hour of admission
5. Sanitary treatment of women in labor upon admission to the maternity hospital in accordance with order No. 808N dated 02.10.2009. Ministry of Health of the SR RF "On approval of the procedure for the provision of obstetric and gynecological care."
II. Complaints on admission
III. Anamnesis of life(including working and living conditions)
IV. Somatic history
1. Heredity (including the presence of multiple pregnancy in parents and close relatives)
2. Past general diseases, including hepatitis (viral), indicate the year; note the transferred blood transfusions.
3. Allergic history (specify factors contributing to allergies)
V. Obstetric and gynecological history
1. Menstrual function: at what age did menstruation begin, when did it last for how many days, after what time, the amount of blood lost (abundant, moderate, scanty), soreness.
2. Sexual life: from what age did it start, what kind of marriage is in a row, is the marriage registered, the age of the husband and information about his health, protection from pregnancy.
3. Transferred gynecological diseases (including their consequences).
4. Childbearing function. List all pregnancies in chronological order with outcomes. In relation to childbirth, indicate: normal or pathological, came on time, prematurely, late, whether there were obstetric operations, weight of the newborn, treatment of the postpartum period, whether the child is alive. In relation to abortion, indicate: spontaneous and artificial, at what time it occurred or was performed. In case of spontaneous or community-acquired abortion, indicate whether there was a subsequent curettage of the uterine cavity. The course after the abortion period. How many children alive, stillborn, died (cause of death).
5. Current pregnancy:
6. Date of last menstrual period
7. Course of the first half of pregnancy
8. Date of first fetal movement
9. The course of the second half of pregnancy, taking into account information from the antenatal clinic (when and at what time did you first go to the consultation, how many times you visited, data from blood and urine tests in dynamics, blood pressure dynamics, blood group, Rh - affiliation and the presence of anti-Rh - antibodies, Wasserman reaction, HIV, consultation of specialists, outpatient treatment, physio-psychoprophylactic preparation for childbirth, date of provision of prenatal leave).
The concept of a burdened obstetric history includes a likely great danger to fetal development and successful delivery. In medical practice, this diagnosis is made based on the presence of concomitant troubles that appeared during previous pregnancies, of course, in the case of miscarriages, the birth of a stillborn baby.
Countless abortions, pathology of the uterus, ovaries are a certain danger and can lead to unforeseen consequences.
What is considered a burdened obstetric history in medical practice?
Because the process of carrying a child and giving birth requires an important important approach from the side of noticing experts, every difficult event that took place before the actual pregnancy is taken into account. It cannot be ruled out that the unnatural termination of pregnancy, which doctors had to resort to during the period of the last gestation, will not adversely affect the development of the child and will not complicate childbirth. In medical practice, cases of negative outcomes of events in the presence of a burdened obstetric history are not uncommon. Such a conditional, but rather important diagnosis, requiring a special approach from the medical staff, is made in the following cases:
- stillbirth,
- death of a child in the first days after the end of birth,
- unnatural childbirth,
- abortion,
- miscarriage (habitual),
- operations on the uterus, ovaries, tubes,
- the birth of a sick child (malformations),
- bleeding from a previous pregnancy
- polyhydramnios,
- hormonal disorders,
- metabolic disorders,
- premature birth in past pregnancies,
- negative heredity (miscarriage, death of the fetus in the mother or other relatives, etc.).
Among the negative consequences of a burdened obstetric history are placental abruption in premature birth (which is the cause of premature birth and death of the fetus), its improper attachment to the uterine wall, weakness of labor and other terrible consequences. The threat of death of the fetus, newborn or uterine rupture are the most terrible complications, which should be prevented in a timely manner and take all necessary measures if they are possible.
Prevention of complications
Because the operation of the uterus in any case provides for the presence of a scar. A caesarean section is also a risk factor for a lady who is pregnant with her second child. The risk of uterine rupture is not excluded, which can lead to the death of the child and mother. In subsequent births after the end of operations on the uterus, a caesarean section is demonstrated, the birth of a child by a natural method is not allowed in order to reduce the risk. During the planning of childbirth, experts fill out the pregnant woman's exchange card, scrupulously study the anamnesis, medical history, find out the presence of negative heredity, after which they decide on delivery by Caesarean section or by the natural method.
Often the second pregnancy has the same terrible ending as the last one, due to which the intrauterine death of the child was ascertained for a certain reason. It is very important for medical personnel to recognize the probable pathological processes in the body of a lady and prevent the deplorable ending of events. To avoid important consequences, pregnancy planning is recommended to be carried out in advance.
Modern diagnostic methods, expert advice, a healthy lifestyle are the necessary conditions for the full development of pregnancy and the timely elimination of significant troubles. Pregnant ladies are advised to visit a doctor who notices at a clearly specified time, probable hospitalization in many cases is the only right decision to preserve the health of the unborn child and his mother.