When insulating a house, be sure to pay attention to the laws of physics. According to them, the air heated in the rooms will rise to the ceiling. If the attic is not sufficiently insulated, then the heat will escape to the outside, and this whole process can be called heat loss.
In order not to heat the street and keep more heat in the house, it is necessary to carry out thermal insulation of the ceiling. If you still do not know whether it is worth doing these works, then you should take into account that through the roof and goes in the amount of 25 to 40%. This data is especially relevant for houses with a cold roof.
Thermal insulation of the floor will perform three functions at once, which are necessary to create a comfortable microclimate. The material will soundproof, which will keep the house quiet during wind and rain. IN winter period insulation will eliminate heat loss and through which the heated air freely escapes. Thermal insulation is also needed in the summer heat, because with its help you can create a barrier to the path of heated air. Even in the hottest weather, the interior of the house will remain cool.
Material selection
If you are planning to insulate the ceiling of a cold attic, then you need to understand the variety of materials. The type of insulation you choose must be able to withstand a wide temperature range from -30 to +30 °C. It should not freeze at low temperatures and release harmful substances when heated. It is important to purchase fire-resistant thermal insulation. This is true for wired.
It is better if the insulation is moisture resistant so that it does not lose its properties when wet. It should not quickly caking in order to fulfill its purpose for as long as possible. Insulation of the cold attic ceiling can be done with rolls, slabs or This is true for the floor of wooden beams. Whereas if you have to work with concrete slabs, then bulk or slab materials should be purchased.
As mats and plates today are produced:
- Styrofoam;
- seaweed;
- mineral wool;
- extruded polystyrene foam;
- straw.
As for roll insulation, they are offered for sale in the following varieties:
- stone wool;
- mineral wool;
- glass wool;
- algae ladders.
When choosing bulk materials for insulating a cold attic floor, you may prefer:
- expanded clay;
- reeds;
- straw;
- buckwheat tyrsa;
- ecowool;
- sawdust;
- slag;
- foam granules.
Features of mineral wool insulation
The use of basalt wool
Basalt insulation is made from gabbro-basalt rocks and acts as the best option for thermal insulation of the ceiling from the side of the attic. The fibers of this material are more plastic, therefore they are not so brittle. They are well pressed into mats with sufficient strength.
Deciding to insulate the ceiling of a cold attic with basalt wool, you get at your disposal a material that copes well with the influence of external factors, therefore it can be laid from the side of an unheated room. Insulation is sold in slabs or rolls, which can have different densities. Sometimes there is a foil layer on one of the sides, which can enhance the insulating effect, because the heat will be reflected into the room.
About the dangers of mineral wool
All mineral wools have one common drawback, which is expressed in a binder consisting of phenol-formaldehyde resins. During operation, they are constantly released into the air, which can be hazardous to human health. Therefore, it is impossible to consider this thermal insulation as completely environmentally safe. Basalt wool is laid on the same principle as mineral wool.
The use of extruded polystyrene foam
Expanded polystyrene, which is also called polystyrene foam, is not a very dense material. It can be used when the floor is made of beams and logs. Extruded polystyrene foam is stronger and denser than regular foam. Before laying the surface is leveled.
There is no need to cover the vapor barrier on the warm side of the floor, because concrete plates almost do not have the ability to vapor permeability. Warming concrete floor cold attic provides for laying a vapor barrier film. The next layer is the insulation boards, which are staggered. Joints are filled with mounting foam. As soon as it dries and hardens, the canvases are poured with a concrete solution with a thickness of 6 cm. After the screed dries, it can be used as a floor. Can be placed on the surface flooring.
The use of penoplex
If you insulate the attic, this will not only increase the life of the truss system, but also roofing, as well as increase the level of thermal protection of residential premises under the attic. Insulation of the ceiling of a cold attic with foam plastic has replaced other technologies that were used quite widely in construction. In this case, we are talking about the use of glass wool, expanded clay and sea grass.
Modern choice - "Penoplex-panel"
In conditions countryside the floor of the unheated attic is still insulated with clay and wood shavings. For sale today is the "Penoplex-panel", which is specially designed for cold attics. If you neglect the work on the thermal insulation of the room above the living space, this can cause the insulation to get wet, which occurs due to condensation. Sometimes, under appropriate conditions, the roof structure even begins to collapse, which is especially important with constant dampness.
Is it worth it to use metal fasteners
When the attic floor is not insulated, icicles and frost are constantly formed. Large heat losses were mentioned above, they are caused by a weak level of thermal protection. When developing a scheme for insulating the ceiling of a cold attic using penoplex, you must take into account the features of how the floor nodes will join with thermal insulation. The manufacturer does not recommend the use of metal fasteners, because they contribute to the formation of cold bridges, which reduces the level of thermal protection.
To create a heat-insulating cake, a leveling screed is laid on the floors. Next, a vapor barrier in the form of polyethylene is covered. The next layer will be foam. Do not forget about the presence of a separating layer in the form of polyethylene. At the last stage, a cement-sand screed is poured.
Thermal insulation of a cold attic floor may involve working with sheet material in the form of plywood or OSB. In this case, a vapor barrier is laid on the surface, wooden beams and foam insulation. You can cover it with sheet material in the form of GVL or DSP.
Finally
Warming a cold attic allows you to create a border between cold and heat. Due to the formation of condensate in the attic floor area, appropriate conditions arise that can contribute to impressive heat losses. Proper insulation overlapping allows you to create a barrier with a low degree of thermal conductivity.
When providing insulation for a private house, one should not forget that special attention should be paid to such a place as the attic.
Warm air tends to rise to the top, and therefore, in a temporarily unheated room, heat can escape through the space of a cold attic. Therefore, the issue of attic insulation must be addressed without delay.
1 Why is attic floor insulation necessary?
Insulation of the cold floor of the attic with stone or mineral wool, by and large, is necessary in little used premises, which are properly equipped with special roof ventilation.
The attic, or rather its ceilings, perform the function of a kind of boundary between heat and cold. In such places, attic floors are exposed to intense moisture due to the formation of condensate.
However, it is possible to properly insulate the floors in the attic of the house with mineral wool with your own hands. The very process of insulating the floor in the attic with mineral wool is the creation of a durable thermal insulation coating, which will have a low degree of thermal conductivity.
The very technology of insulating the floor with mineral wool in the attic, as well as implies strict adherence to its stages and requirements.
By itself, this technology is quite simple and understandable. Good thermal insulation attic floor with mineral wool helps to close unwanted gaps.
To do this, the insulation must be laid tightly. In most cases, mineral wool is used to insulate the attic of a house.
The presented insulation is the most suitable for this type of work, it can also be used to insulate the floor surface in the living quarters of the house.
With the organization of good insulation with mineral wool, the most optimal temperature will be maintained in the living quarters.
If the procedure is not performed correctly, then moisture rising from the floor of the house will lead to the formation of condensate.
It will accumulate on the ceiling, and then seep through the floors. The resulting temperature difference in those areas where attic floors adjoin the walls of the house initiates the formation of mold and microscopic fungi, which can be the causative agents of allergic diseases.
1.1 Attic insulation requirements
The process of insulating the attic floor and, more precisely, the level of its quality has a direct impact not only on the size of heat loss, but also on the duration of the operational life of the entire truss structure and roofing.
The fact is that the water vapor inside the heated room diffuses to the attic of the house. In order for the applied insulation to provide a high degree of calculated efficiency of the heat-insulating layer, it must always be dry.
Based on this, the insulation must be protected from excessive moisture by vapors of ascending heated air using a special vapor-tight material.
If the attic is well insulated, then it will not only provide high-quality thermal insulation, but will also help to increase the operational life of the entire roof structure.
If there is no vapor barrier, then steam will penetrate through the unprotected floors of the attic and condense on the surfaces of the floor.
This will lead to the fact that moisture will drain onto the rafters, which, under its influence, will slowly begin to rot from the inside.
As a result, the probability of destruction of all roofing cake. The thermal insulation performance of the structure is also reduced due to the fact that the tightness of the vapor barrier layer has been broken.
Before you insulate the attic, you need to drain the layer and remove moisture from the entire attic space. To do this, ventilation should be done through windows. They may be:
- Skating like;
- eaves;
- slotted;
- Auditory.
In order to ensure maximum ventilation intensity, the indicator of the total area of all ventilation openings should be equal to 0.2-0.5% of attic floors.
If all the work is carried out correctly, then in the winter, icicles will not form on the roof. The very process of warming the attic space is carried out not from the living quarters, but from the floor of the attic.
So it is most convenient to lay insulation, the choice of which depends on the technology used and the design features of the structure.
1.2 Features of insulation of beam ceilings
When implementing such an insulation scheme using mineral wool, heat is stored in the space between the beams. Their usual height is almost always enough for this, however, if necessary, several bars are stuffed on top.
The lower part of the overlap is sewn up with the help of molded material as with. For this, lining or drywall sheets can be used.
On top of the beams, a subfloor covering is laid. It can be a tongue-and-groove board, plywood sheet or OSB board. Mineral wool is adjusted to a special vapor barrier prepared in advance.
An alternative to it can serve as an ordinary film made using polyethylene. If the vapor barrier material is foiled, then it is laid with a shiny surface down.
The intermediate distance between the beams is filled with mineral wool with the desired thickness parameters. The surface of the beams must be equipped with an additional insulating layer.
This will block the so-called cold bridges and significantly reduce the overall level of heat loss. If high quality timber was used to create the beams, then finishing material creep directly on their surface.
Mineral wool is placed between them as with, and the attic floor is laid on top. The use of this technology is especially important in houses that are made of logs or beams.
It is important to protect the mineral wool with a high degree of reliability from the ingress of the smallest drops of moisture, this is especially true if the roof has minor coating defects, due to which leaks occur.
The layer of mineral wool must be reliably protected from the effects of wind from the side of the eaves. For this, mineral wool slabs with a high degree of density are used.
2 Why is mineral wool used for attic insulation?
In most cases, when insulating attic floors, the choice of the consumer falls on mineral wool. Its advantage lies in the fact that its installation does not require special skills.
Mineral wool has excellent thermal insulation properties. Its structure consists of thin vitreous fibers, the length of which ranges from 2 to 60 millimeters.
High soundproofing characteristics are provided due to the presence of a large number of air pores.
These pores are located in the space between the fibers and can occupy 95% of the total volume of the insulation. Mineral wool is presented in three varieties, it can be basalt glass and stone.
Basalt wool is made using molten basalt rocks, to which binders are added.
This may be a carbonate-type rock, which regulates the level of acidity of the substance, which entails an increase in the service life of the insulation. Glass wool exhibits high heat-resistant properties and is able to withstand temperatures up to +450 degrees Celsius.
2.1 Technology of insulation of attic floors with mineral wool
During work related to mineral wool, it is important to comply with all safety requirements and regulations.
This is due to the fact that in the process of cutting and laying such material, the air is filled with tiny particles that can enter the respiratory organs and thus cause harm to human health.
When carrying out installation, be sure to take care of the availability of personal protective equipment. Goggles, a respirator and thick rubber gloves should be available.
The very process of warming attic floors begins with the selection of the necessary tools and additional materials. Can't do without:
insulation
- Boards and plywood;
- vapor barrier film;
- Mineral wool (excellent);
- Waterproofing;
- adhesive tape;
- Roulettes;
- Knife;
- Construction stapler;
- spatula.
The essence of the insulation technology lies in the fact that the insulation must be carefully laid in the space between attic floors or beams.
To enhance the thermal insulation qualities, reliable vapor barrier should be used. Warm and moisture-saturated air will continuously rise from the living rooms and go up through the ceiling.
There, in the roof space, he will collide with a layer of insulation. Due to the fact that mineral wool is generally recognized as a vapor-tight material, it will take all the outgoing moisture into itself.
If it is left without the necessary access of air and sunlight, it will gradually shrink and, in the end, will lose all its heat-insulating qualities.
In order to avoid such destructive consequences, it is necessary to lay a vapor barrier material under a layer of mineral wool.
Before starting the main work, it will be necessary to carefully calculate the required amount of insulation.
The amount of wool purchased depends on how many layers you plan to use when covering the attic. In addition, the thermal insulation thickness parameter directly depends on the climatic conditions in the region.
2.2 Proper insulation of the attic floor (video)
For comfortable operation of the building, it is necessary that the attic floor is well insulated to prevent the temperature of the ceiling surface from dropping below the dew point. Otherwise, moisture spots will definitely appear on the ceiling and walls, which will only worsen appearance rooms, but will also cause mold growth and the development of fungi, which are problematic to get rid of. Therefore, increased requirements are imposed on the thermal protection of the attic floor.
In accordance with the regulations, the heat transfer resistance for the attic floor must be at least the following value: Ro = 4.15 m 2 ° C / W. Attic floor country house insulated with slabs of mineral (basalt) or glass wool. Insulation slabs must be laid in the gaps between the ceiling beams or on the floor slabs. Mineral wool is laid on a vapor barrier layer or on a plastic film.
The foil insulation material is laid with the shiny side down. The space between the beams is filled with a layer of heat-insulating material. To reduce heat loss through cold bridges, another layer of thermal insulation is laid on top of the beams.
To reduce heat loss from light fiber insulation due to drafts, it is protected with a vapor-permeable windproof material. The use of such material allows you to increase the thermal protection of the attic floor and protect the insulation from getting wet if drops of moisture fall on it (in case of damage to the roof or leaks).
From the cornice, the insulation layer must also be protected from the wind by high-density mineral wool slabs or boards that are installed on the edge.
The attic or attic rooms, divided into compartments by partitions, can be insulated in various ways.
- The first way: if the attic is non-residential, then only the floors should be insulated - the ceiling of the building.
- The second way: if the attic has an attic, then it is necessary to insulate, in addition to the floors, the roof.
To insulate the roof of the attic and rooms are usually used:
- Construction felt.
- Mineral wool in various designs.
- Styrofoam.
- Polyurethane foam.
- Basalt, glass wool, ecowool.
Floors in the attic can be insulated with the following materials:
- Construction felt, mineral wool, glass wool.
- Foam boards.
- Expanded clay, slag, ash, sawdust, straw, reeds.
Before insulating the attic, the joints of the floor and roof are checked, the cracks are sealed with tow soaked in lime mortar. You can also use mounting foam, silicone adhesives and sealants.
Before performing work, all wooden structures are covered with antiseptic and fire retardant compounds.
When insulating a roof asbestos-cement sheets special attention should be paid to the gaps that are formed by the waves of asbestos-cement sheets. If there are gaps, then they are filled with tow in lime mortar.
The presence of protective covers, collars and aprons is checked at the junction of asbestos-cement sheets to parapets, pipes and walls. Let the coating elements on the protective floors be at least 15 cm.
Insulation of the attic with various materials
To insulate the attic and attic in a private house, different heaters are used:
- polystyrene foam
- polyurethane foam
- expanded clay
- felt, etc.
The process of insulation is the same for all materials, so consider the insulation of the attic using the example of mineral wool.
Before starting the attic insulation, it is necessary to waterproof the roof. Mineral wool is versatile and easy to use, has low thermal conductivity and density, withstands high temperatures well and is insensitive to aggressive environments. Mineral wool is also an excellent sound insulator.
Attic slopes can be insulated with mineral wool slabs and mats. The plates are more rigid, and the mats are elastic, this property helps to lay them better and denser. Foil-coated mineral wool mats are also used for vapor barrier.
Since usually the thickness of mineral wool is greater than the thickness of the rafters, overlays are made on them to increase the thickness. Also, the rafter system is pre-impregnated with an antiseptic solution.
Mineral wool is laid in the gaps between the rafters on the crate and covered with a film for vapor barrier. The vapor barrier film is overlapped on the truss system. The width of the overlap of the web is visible on the film - a line is drawn along the edge of the web. The joints of the film are insulated with special glue and adhesive tape.
Floor insulation with expanded clay
Expanded clay should be laid on the floor of the attic on roofing material. The thickness of the expanded clay layer is determined by the thermal conductivity of the floor, but in any case, the thickness of the expanded clay should be at least 15 cm, and preferably 20-25 cm.
It is known that up to 15% of the heat from the house can go through the ceiling. Therefore, to reduce heat losses, the ceiling is insulated with expanded clay and other materials. Expanded clay not only retains heat, but also increases sound insulation.
Expanded clay is usually used to insulate concrete floors. To do this, it is covered with a layer of 200-250 mm, poured on top with a cement screed up to 50 mm thick. The screed will serve as the floor.
The cement-sand mortar for the screed must be of a dense consistency so that it does not flow into the expanded clay backfill.
Warming with mineral wool
- Mineral wool should be laid from the farthest point of the attic.
- You need to cut the insulation on a hard surface.
- Beams, pipes, ventilation shafts, etc. should be covered with insulation.
- Mineral wool should be laid in a layer of at least 25 cm.
When working with mineral wool, personal protective equipment is required. These are goggles, rubber gloves, a respirator and long sleeves. Do not work near open food and drinking water. Contact with mineral wool on the skin causes irritation and itching.
Insulation with polyurethane foam
Insulation of the attic with polyurethane foam is carried out by spraying on partitions, roofs, gables and attic floors, so the thermal insulation layer is obtained without seams and joints, that is, a monolithic vapor-tight layer is obtained.
Polyurethane foam has a low coefficient of thermal conductivity, so the thickness of the polyurethane foam layer is several times smaller than the mineral wool or foam plastic layer.
The use of polyurethane foam increases the usable area of the attic space.
An attic insulated with a sprayed layer of polyurethane foam is not affected by moisture, condensation does not form on the walls, because polyurethane foam keeps warm air inside. Moisture does not pass through polyurethane foam and cannot settle on a cold roof.
Floor insulation with sawdust is used only in non-residential attics, since sawdust will gradually compact when walking, which will lead to cracks in the concrete screed. The most common solution recipe using sawdust to insulate the attic floor:
- Ten buckets of small sawdust.
- One bucket of cement, at least 300 grades.
- One bucket of fluffy lime.
- Ten liters of water with antiseptic. It can be boric acid, copper sulfate, laundry soap.
The volume of water varies depending on the moisture content of the sawdust. The finished solution of sawdust is laid in layers of 20-25 cm thick and rammed. All building materials that are used in the walls of the house must be vapor-permeable. That is, it is impossible to use roofing material, polyethylene, roofing felt and other materials that do not allow moisture to pass through.
From above, a layer of sawdust during insulation is closed with shields made of plywood, fiberboard or boards. The thickness of the layer of sawdust on the walls should be at least 15 cm, on the ceilings and on the floor - at least 25 cm. When insulating the floor, sawdust is made on top cement strainer 5-10 cm thick.
Over time, many owners of private houses are visited by the idea of converting the attic into a living area. And for this, it is necessary first of all to carry out the installation of the floor in the attic, as well as the insulation of the roof. In order to do everything correctly, you will have to carry out a series of calculations and design the position of the elements, and then mount the structures.
Stages of work
To begin with, we will consider all the stages of work to be performed in the attic, among them it is noted:
- The first step is room planning.
- The second stage is the calculation of finances, which will also be decisive in the choice of materials and structures.
- Next, you need to carefully clean everything in the attic.
- The next step is measurements.
- Now it is necessary to inspect the floor covering and the integrity of the truss system.
- The next step will be the arrangement of all necessary communications.
- And finally, the device of the subfloor, as well as thermal insulation, which we will talk about in more detail.
- Upon completion of the previous stage, internal and external finishing work is carried out.
- And the last stage of the device is the arrangement of space in living quarters(furniture, etc.).
Let's take a closer look at each of the stages.
Planning
The first and fundamental stage of work is the layout of the future premises. After all, the device of the floor, the need for insulation and strengthening will depend on it.
To complete this stage, it is better to resort to the help of specialists. Doing it yourself, you can make mistakes that adversely affect the final result.
If you want to do everything yourself, then you should consider everything design features buildings. Moreover, consider all the bearing possibilities of the floor so as not to overload it, which can lead to a collapse of the floor.
Counting finance
This step should be clear to everyone. Depending on the financial possibilities, the premises will be equipped in different ways.
It becomes fundamental to clearly calculate what will need to be purchased, the most important is precisely the elements of strengthening, insulation and primary finishing. Finishing coatings can wait, but the initial work on the device of the floor and roof must be completed immediately.
Space cleaning
This stage can be attributed to the preliminary preparation of the premises for work.
As you know, it is usually used to store old things, or items that are used extremely rarely. All this must be carefully removed and the room cleaned of dust and other debris.
Everything must be done carefully, because nails can stick out in the rafter system, which can cause injury. And the injuries can be very serious.
Measurements and calculation
It is necessary to carefully measure the entire area of the attic, its height, etc. Here, you must first understand that the entire area will not be used, since part of it is inaccessible due to the slopes of the roof. But nevertheless, it is necessary to equip the insulation and rough coating over the entire area.
Coating analysis
At this stage, it becomes fundamental to fully inspect all coatings and structures of the attic.
If there are any damages and malfunctions, they must be repaired before starting work.
The most important process in the arrangement of the attic is the determination of the dew point of the roof. If the insulation is done incorrectly or with the wrong materials, then a bouquet will form.
In some cases, it may be necessary to disassemble the roof and the truss system itself to install a new one. It may also be necessary to replace the floors. Therefore, special attention should be paid to the analysis of the state of surfaces.
Laying communications
If necessary, in the room, pipelines, ventilation and heating are installed. If any of these communication systems are supposed to be in the room, you can get acquainted with the technologies for their installation in separate materials.
One of the most important points is the arrangement of the floor. And it is worth considering all the features of its installation. It is worth noting that the supporting elements are beams and logs, which are usually made of coniferous wood.
The whole process of the device will be carried out as follows:
Now that the rough flooring is ready, it is necessary to provide for the installation of the ceiling and roof insulation.
Roof insulation
This stage is somewhat similar to the previous one, it is carried out as follows:
On this, the work on preparing the floor and roof is completed, and you can proceed to the next stages of work, namely the finishing of the room, and in the future the arrangement of furniture.
Completion
After the installation of the floor in the attic, as well as the insulation of the roof, the decoration and furnishings of the room are done in accordance with her choice, which can be as varied as possible. We suggest you watch a few videos that will help you choose the option for arranging the attic, as well as clearly show how to arrange the floor in the attic.
Sometimes the time comes when it becomes problematic to stay within the living area of the lower floors, then the owners of private houses are engaged in arranging the attic space.
However, at the initial stage, everyone should know how to make the floor in the attic, because in most cases there are open floor beams at the top.
About indoor spaces
The attic floor is a room cut off at the top truss system. In this case, the pediments most often have the shape of a trapezoid, since side walls are arranged on two sides. Today, SNiP interprets this structural part of the building as a floor in the attic space, formed by sloping roof surfaces.
Features of the attic
Before you understand what to do - to make the floor, you need to familiarize yourself with some hallmarks of this premises. There are currently a large number constructive solutions upper structures helping to revive the appearance of residential buildings. Therefore, to know the features attic floors it won't hurt to know.
- The geometry of the space under the roof can be different. Planes are triangular or broken, symmetrical or asymmetrical. In addition, they can be located on one side of the longitudinal axis or across the entire width.
- The attic floor is able to extend to the entire quadrature of the building or some part of it. With a limited protrusion, the attic space lies on the cantilever extension.
- Planning features largely depend on the structure of the building, since there are load-bearing walls below. For such premises, it is desirable to choose relatively light materials.
- The area of external fences is very large, so the maximum reduction of heat losses is necessary. Although the lower plane is not in contact with the environment, it still needs good thermal insulation.
Note!
Having studied the listed features, you can understand how to make the floors in the attic without serious mistakes, because if the bottom cover is not installed correctly, the operation of the room will be difficult.
Benefits of using
The use of attics as residential premises has its own advantages, which are quite important for individual developers. Before you carry out work on the device of the floor with your own hands, it is worth considering them. The following is a list of the most important benefits that motivate you to take action.
- When arranging the space under the roof, it is possible to use the finished infrastructure of the building.
- The living area of the same house increases to a large extent.
- The new space becomes available without the creation of load-bearing structures.
- At high-quality insulation reduced heat loss through upper part buildings, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the house in winter.
- Space is saved on the site due to the location of the premises above the others.
Addition!
After reviewing the basic information about the advantages and features of such a space, you can move on to learning how to make the floors in the attic on your own.Bottom plane device
To move freely in the attic when repair work, it is necessary to prepare the bottom base, however, it is more reasonable to lay the floor covering after finishing the remaining surfaces. Although the room below does not come into contact with the street, it will still be necessary to lay the insulation materials.
Basic procedure
Unlike the first floor, a passage is made in the attic at the very bottom, which is later connected by a staircase. Therefore, in any case, you need to learn how to make a hatch in the floor.
However, at the initial stage, you need to decide on its location, leaving enough space for it.
- The first step is to prepare the base, which involves dry cleaning. Foreign objects and large particles of dirt must be removed from the surface of the lower part.
- The reliability of the floors is checked. That is, you should make sure that the beams can withstand the additional floor. They should not have serious damage and rotten places.
- Wooden logs are being prepared. Their cross section and location relative to each other will depend on the spacing of the floors and the thickness of the board used. The length is determined by the size of the room.
- First, the extreme support strips are installed. They are fixed with screws or nails to the pediment or side partitions. It all depends on the location of the roof structure.
- Next, the crossbar is launched directly along the edge of the hatch, while fastening is carried out using steel corners. At this stage, you can think about how to make a cache in the floor.
- After the place for the manhole is determined, the remaining logs are installed with a step that is suitable in a particular case. Wooden crossbars must be in the same plane.
- The entire surface is covered vapor barrier film, since the penetration of air condensate from the side of the lower floor is not excluded. Cloths are connected with an overlap of 10 to 15 cm.
- In the gaps obtained after the construction of the crossbars, the floor insulation boards are inserted. There should be no gaps along the edges, therefore, when cutting, it is advisable to add 1-2 centimeters.
- A new layer of vapor barrier with the same overlap is laid on top. However, in this case, the material is spread on a flat surface. Fastening with brackets is carried out directly in the logs.
- A wooden flooring is mounted along the crossbars. In the first case, the elements are inserted into each other, and in the second, they are simply pressed. Planks are fixed with nails or screws.
- Oriented strand boards are laid on top of the flooring, but only if there is a rough flooring made of edged board. The surface of the grooved board does not require additional alignment.
- At the completion stage, the necessary floor covering is installed, suitable for a particular room. It is advisable to avoid slippery materials on the attic floor.
Attention!
Above, information is provided not only on how to make the right floor in the attic, but also to create a lower base in other structures and areas of the house.
For example, in the sauna or on the terrace, with the exception of some details.Safety
Any instruction must give the rules for working with the tools used, otherwise the novice builder may be seriously damaged.
In addition, the price of modern equipment is quite high, so its damage affects the family budget.
- When using a hacksaw, sudden movements should be avoided. Do not guide the blade with your finger.
- When working with a hammer, it is necessary to hold the tool by the handle 20-30 mm from the lower end.
- When fixing the vapor barrier sheet with a stapler, you need to firmly press the tool to the surface of the log.
Important!
Having learned in detail how to make the floor yourself, every second developer starts work, forgetting about safety.
However, this should not be neglected, because a frivolous approach leads to negative consequences.Final part
Having examined in detail the process of creating a floor in an attic room, you can proceed directly to the practical part.
