A little ache in the lower abdomen. The girl's lower abdomen hurts and aches. Causes of pain in the lower abdomen

Many diseases in women often develop secretly, without making themselves felt for years. Even such a symptom as pulling pains in the lower abdomen, if it bothers women slightly, may not alarm. However, if mild pain occurs constantly, and in a certain place, there is unusual discharge, then a visit to the doctor should not be postponed, waiting for complications. Perhaps the physiological state of the woman plays a role. But sometimes pain is a signal of a serious illness that requires urgent examination and treatment.

Content:

Factors affecting the occurrence of pain

Drawing pains occur in the lower abdomen, usually with pathological conditions of the pelvic organs, including the uterus and ovaries (organic causes) or due to physiological processes occurring in the woman's body (functional causes). To establish a diagnosis of a pathology, a symptom of which is pulling pain, it is necessary to know its exact location, intensity, whether it is constant or occurs periodically.

Organic factors contributing to pain

These factors include:

diseases of the uterus and ovaries (endometritis, ovarian cyst, uterine fibroids);
genital infections;
the use of an intrauterine device;
scar formation after surgery;
inflammatory and infectious diseases of the kidneys, bladder (cystitis, pyelonephritis), as well as intestines;
pathology during pregnancy.

Functional causes of pain in the lower abdomen

In this case, pulling pains appear in the lower abdomen due to dysfunction of the genital organs:

Algodysmenorrhea (a condition associated with abnormal position or underdevelopment of the uterus, hypersensitivity), dysfunctional uterine bleeding and other menstrual disorders.
ovulatory syndrome. Aching pain in the lower abdomen during ovulation worries a woman for several hours after the follicle breaks and the egg leaves it. It can be on any one side (depending on which ovary, right or left, is involved in the process). Sometimes it bothers me from both sides at the same time. This happens when both ovaries produce eggs. In this case, the onset of multiple pregnancy is possible.
Curvature of the uterus, in which there is stagnation of menstrual blood.

Video: Causes of pain in the lower abdomen. Inadmissibility of self-treatment

organic factors

Aching pain in women can be a manifestation of inflammatory, infectious diseases or processes associated with deformation of organ tissues, circulatory disorders.

Diseases of the reproductive organs

Adnexitis(salpingoophoritis). Inflammation occurs due to various infections in the uterus, its tubes and ovaries. Moreover, dull aching pain in the lower abdomen appears when it becomes chronic. Only one ovary or both may be affected. Accordingly, the pain occurs on the left, on the right, or on both sides at once. The ovaries cease to function normally, which is expressed in various violations of the menstrual cycle. In addition, there are discharges with impurities of pus or blood, the woman's temperature rises. It becomes impossible for the full maturation of the egg, there is an obstruction of the tubes. The woman may become infertile. An ectopic pregnancy may occur.

Endometritis. Menstrual disorders, pain in the central part of the abdomen, below appear due to inflammation of the endometrium, the mucous membrane of the uterus, if the process becomes chronic. In this case, inflammation can easily spread to the appendages.

endometriosis- growth of the endometrium (uterine mucosa) in neighboring sections of the uterus (tubes, cervix), ovaries and even the intestines. It occurs, as a rule, as a result of hormonal disorders in the body. In addition to dull constant pain in the lower abdomen, women experience painful menstruation of an irregular nature. There may be severe bleeding, brown discharge in addition to menstruation. Amenorrhea (lack of menstruation) may occur. Adhesions or complete overgrowth of the fallopian tubes are formed, which leads to infertility, ectopic pregnancy. Usually, drawing pains in the groin or pubic region precede menstruation, become stronger during menstruation.

Ovarian apoplexy- hemorrhage in the ovary, which occurs when tissue breaks, damage to small vessels. Usually observed in the presence of cystic cavities. It can be provoked by sexual intercourse or physical activity. Hemorrhage extends into the peritoneal region. Aching pain below, in the region of the ovary, is intense. Bleeding can be eliminated only by surgery.

Polycystic ovaries- the appearance of cysts in the ovary, disrupting their normal functioning. In this case, there are pulling pains in the back, lower abdomen, menstrual irregularities, hormonal imbalance, obesity. The nature of the pain in the abdomen may change if the cyst stem is twisted (which is possible with bending, turning the torso, physical exertion). If the torsion is small (up to 90°), then the pain may be aching due to circulatory disorders. With complete torsion, the blood supply to the area of the cyst is cut off. Due to tissue necrosis, nausea, vomiting, and fever occur. Painful sensations in the ovarian region become acute, spasmodic. Urgent removal of the cyst is required.

Colpitis- inflammation of the mucous membrane covering the vagina. The causative agents are streptococci, gonococci, Trichomonas, fungi and other types of infection. The mucosa becomes thinner, papillae and vesicles appear on the surface, which causes pulling pains in the lower abdomen, profuse leucorrhoea, itching in the vagina.

Myoma- a benign tumor. Single or multiple nodes of various sizes appear both outside and inside the uterus. As the tumor grows, it begins to compress nearby vessels, causing a violation of the blood supply. Because of this, there is heaviness, discomfort in the lower abdomen, lower back. Uterine bleeding may occur. Complications of this disease are premature birth, possibly infertility. The tumor is hormone dependent. Hormonal therapy or surgery is used to eliminate it.

Video: Pain in the lower abdomen with inflammation of the fallopian tubes

Pathologies in other organs

Appendicitis. In chronic form, it causes aching pains that are felt in the stomach area. Concomitant symptoms are nausea, vomiting, weakness, fever. An urgent operation is needed, since the inflamed appendix can burst, the ingress of pus into the peritoneum leads to peritonitis.

Urolithiasis disease. As a result of the deposition of various salts in the ureters, kidneys or bladder, conglomerates are formed that prevent the passage of urine. In this case, both pulling dull pains in the lower abdomen and sharp, very strong pains in the lower back and groin area can occur. Stones are removed medically or surgically.

Cystitis- inflammation of the bladder. With this disease, there are pulling pains of varying intensity in the lower abdomen, burning in the bladder area, cramps during urination. In women, cystitis, as a rule, accompanies infectious inflammatory processes in the genital organs, since, due to the peculiarities of the anatomical structure of the genitourinary system, the infection spreads easily.

Note: Aching pains in the lower abdomen can also be felt in diseases of the digestive system (intestines, gallbladder). For example, with cholecystitis, pain occurs in the hypochondrium, as well as in the lower abdomen.

Drawing pain during pregnancy

They can occur at different stages of pregnancy. If aching pain occurs for up to 22 weeks, accompanied by bloody discharge, then the cause is the threat of miscarriage. The doctor, having assessed the condition of the woman, prescribes treatment aimed at maintaining the pregnancy. The threat of interruption occurs due to an increase in the tone of the uterus, the presence of scars on it after the previous cauterization or curettage, hormonal disorders. A woman is recommended bed rest, treatment with antispasmodics and hormonal drugs.

The initiator of pain in the lower abdomen in women during pregnancy may be placental abruption for a period of less than 37 weeks. In this case, not only pain sensations appear, but also spotting, as well as signs of internal bleeding (dizziness, nausea, pallor, headache). In this case, a caesarean section is performed, otherwise the child may die from hypoxia.

Mild pain in the lower abdomen during pregnancy is normal, it is caused by muscle strain, an increase in the size of the uterus and the severity of the fetus. If there is a sharp increasing soreness with fever, bleeding, this may indicate the presence of an ectopic pregnancy, uterine ruptures and other complications.

Video: Causes of pain in the lower abdomen

Functional reasons

These include situations in which pain occurs in connection with different periods of the menstrual cycle.

Pain in the lower abdomen associated with menstruation

Drawing pains in the groin that occur before menstruation are usually associated with premenstrual syndrome (the effect of hormones on the nervous system, increased sensitivity, vegetative-vascular disorders). The cause of discomfort may be the underdevelopment of the genital organs (especially in young girls), changes in the shape of the uterus after abortion, childbirth, and operations.

If a woman has endometrial hyperplasia or inflammatory diseases of the uterus, then aching pains can remain even after menstruation. At this time, there is an increase in cystic formations associated with a change in hormonal levels.

Video: Pain in the lower abdomen during menstruation

Pain during ovulation

At the time of ovulation (the rupture of the follicle and the release of the egg from it), women may experience slight pulling pains in the lower abdomen and the appearance of traces of blood. These symptoms are normal and disappear after 1-2 days.

Significance of accompanying symptoms

When determining the cause of pain, accompanying symptoms are of great importance:

Bloody or other discharge that occurs in the middle of the cycle, not related to menstruation, indicates the presence of inflammatory diseases of the internal genital organs (endometritis, salpingoophoritis).
Abundant colored discharge with an unpleasant odor, fever combined with pain in the lower abdomen are characteristic of infectious diseases of the genital organs (trichomoneliasis, gonorrhea and others).
Cramping, burning, frequent urination, combined with pain in the lower abdomen, indicate the presence of pathologies in the urinary system.
Nausea, vomiting, bloating, nagging pain are signs of intestinal infections.
With appendicitis, pain is usually localized in the right lower abdomen.

Diagnosis and treatment

To establish the cause of pulling pains, an examination is usually prescribed by the following methods:

a general analysis for leukocytes and blood clotting, which allows you to detect the presence of inflammatory processes, suggest the cause of bleeding;
urinalysis for leukocytes, protein and bacteria;
Ultrasound of the small pelvis;
cytological examination of mucus from the vagina and cervix (smear);
blood tests for latent sexual infections (chlamydia, gonococci, mycoplasmas, Candida fungi and others);
biochemical blood test for antibodies to various infectious agents.

Depending on the localization of pain sensations, their nature and the assumption of the disease, other examination methods are also used: tissue biopsy, colposcopic examination of the uterus. When tumors are detected, computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is used.

After clarifying the diagnosis, if necessary, the doctor prescribes antibacterial, hormonal or antispasmodic drugs. In some cases, only surgery helps to eliminate pain (curettage of the uterus, cauterization of the cervix, removal of tumors, cystic formations).

A warning: If there is a pulling pain in the lower abdomen, self-treatment is unacceptable, as it can cause great harm to health. The heating pad is strictly contraindicated in inflammatory diseases, appendicitis, as this leads to peritonitis, blood poisoning. Any delay in increasing pain in the lower abdomen, the appearance of signs of poisoning of the body or internal bleeding can be life-threatening. They occur with ectopic pregnancy, uterine rupture, damage to ovarian tissue, as well as kidney disease.

Sipping pain in the lower abdomen is one of the most common complaints in women and men. But the fair sex is more prone to sensations of this kind. This is due to the anatomical features of the female body, since almost all organs of the reproductive system are located in the pelvis.

Drawing pains in the lower abdomen can be a manifestation of diseases of the uterus, appendages, bladder, kidneys, intestines, spine or other organs. In addition, in women, such an unpleasant symptom is often associated with the menstrual cycle or pregnancy.

But in any case, this should not be left without due attention. If it pulls in the lower abdomen, then the only sure way out is to contact a specialist for an examination that will help determine the cause and eliminate it.

Given the prevalence of this problem, we will try to tell you why it can pull the lower abdomen, what it threatens and what needs to be done in certain situations.

Causes of pulling pain in the lower abdomen can be pathological and physiological.

Pathological causes include the following:

Among the physiological causes, pain in the lower abdomen of a pulling nature is most often provoked, such as:

psycho-emotional shock;
pregnancy;
premenstrual syndrome;
sexual intercourse;
ovulation.

Having studied more than one women's forum, we managed to identify a number of questions on this topic that are most often asked by women. We invite you to consider them.

Why does the lower abdomen pull in the middle of the cycle during ovulation?

Ovulation is a physiological process, which consists in the rupture of the follicle and the release of the egg from the ovary into the abdominal cavity. The beginning of the ovulation period falls in the middle of the menstrual cycle - this is approximately 14-15 days. The severity and duration of pain during ovulation depends on the threshold of pain sensitivity: in some women it hurts tolerably, and in some it is very strong. There is also an increase in pain during and after sexual contact.

The reason that pulls the lower abdomen during ovulation is the rupture of the follicle, as well as the stretching of the ligamentous apparatus of the ovaries, which occurs due to changes in the hormonal background and active blood flow to the appendages.

Almost always, the pain is one-sided, that is, it sips the lower abdomen on the left or right, depending on which ovary the egg came from.

Also, pulling pains during ovulation can also indicate an inflammatory process of the appendages, therefore, with a sufficiently intense pain syndrome, it will not be superfluous to consult a specialist - a gynecologist.

Almost every fifth woman complains that her lower abdomen and lower back are pulled after ovulation. This condition in medicine is called postovulatory syndrome.

There are two causes of postovulatory syndrome: pregnancy and illness.

If a week after ovulation pulls the lower abdomen, then this most likely indicates that conception has occurred, and the egg has attached to the wall of the uterus. Also The following symptoms are indicative of pregnancy:

the chest hurts and pulls the lower abdomen, and the chest swells and the nipples become hypersensitive;
pulls the lower abdomen and discharge of white, cream, pinkish or brownish hues;
delayed menstruation;
morning sickness and pulling the lower abdomen.

Why does the lower abdomen pull after conception? There is nothing serious here, just on the sixth or seventh day after fertilization, the egg "grows" to the wall of the uterus, causing slight pain.

But, in addition to pregnancy, pulling pains in the lower abdomen can be triggered by various pathological conditions, namely:

rupture of an ovarian cyst;
inflammation of the bladder;
appendicitis, in the event that the lower abdomen is disturbed on the right;
inflammation of the ovaries, uterus or fallopian tubes;
injuries of the pelvis and spine;
osteochondrosis and others.

What to do when the stomach hurts during and after ovulation?

First of all, we recommend that you consult a gynecologist and in no case engage in self-diagnosis and self-treatment. The doctor will conduct examinations (gynecological manual examination, examination of the vagina and cervix in the mirrors, blood test for sex hormones, microscopy of smears from the vagina, ultrasound of the pelvic organs, colposcopy and others), determine the cause and, if necessary, give treatment recommendations.

If pregnancy or any diseases are absent, then you need to calm down, drink plenty of fluids, take a mild pain reliever (Ibuprofen, Paracetamol or Tamipul).

If there is no pathology and such pain continues for several cycles, then you need to keep a diary in which the beginning and end of menstruation and the time of pain will be noted.

Also, in the event of a hormonal failure, a specialist may recommend taking oral contraceptives that will suppress ovulation.

Why pulls the lower abdomen before menstruation?

The appearance of pain before menstruation is commonly called premenstrual syndrome (PMS), which is also characterized by headaches, dizziness, irritability, tearfulness, general weakness, excessive sweating, swelling of the face and limbs, bloating, nausea, breast enlargement and others.

Basically, a week before menstruation pulls the lower abdomen, but PMS can also occur immediately after ovulation or immediately before menstruation.

PMS can occur against the background of beriberi, a sedentary lifestyle, chronic stress, overwork, unhealthy eating, inadequate diet, etc. Do not confuse the concept of premenstrual syndrome and algomenorrhea, which we will discuss later.

Why do pulling pains appear in the lower abdomen during menstruation?

Almost all women notice that during menstruation, the lower back hurts and pulls the lower abdomen, only some have minor pains and do not disturb the general condition, while others have intense pains and are accompanied by other unpleasant symptoms.

Sharp paroxysmal and pulling pains during menstruation are considered pathology by specialists and are called algomenorrhea.

Algodismenorea has distinctive features, namely:

Most often, algomenorrhea develops against the background of diseases of the female genital organs, difficult childbirth, abortion, surgery, and stress.

For the treatment of algomenorrhea, painkillers are used (Nurofen, Tamipul, Aspirin, Paracetamol), antispasmodics (No-shpa, Riabal, Papaverine), oral contraceptives, as well as physiotherapy methods (phonophoresis, reflexology, electrophoresis) and diet.

Why pulls the lower abdomen after menstruation?

After menstruation pulls the lower abdomen for three reasons:

hormonal imbalance (increased levels of prostaglandins in the blood;
thyroid disease;
diseases of the organs of the reproductive system (endometritis, salpingo-oophoritis, endometriosis, and others).

Regardless of the cause, with pain after menstruation, you need to contact a specialist for examination. Self-medication not only does not always bring the desired effect, but can also result in infertility.

Delayed menstruation pulls the lower abdomen: what could it be?

If the lower abdomen is pulled, but there is no menstruation, then the woman can most likely be congratulated, since in most cases this is a sign of pregnancy. So the first thing you need to do is a pregnancy test.

To the question of why the lower abdomen is pulled in early pregnancy, we will answer further.

But what does it mean when the delay in menstruation, the test is negative and pulls the lower abdomen? In this case, hormonal failure, gynecological diseases and pathology of organs of other systems are not excluded. Therefore, you still need to contact a gynecologist.

During pregnancy, the following situations may occur:

pulls the lower abdomen during early pregnancy in almost all women due to active blood flow to the uterus and acceleration of microcirculation;
in the later stages, pulling pains in the abdomen are mainly caused by contraction of the muscle fibers of the uterus.

If in the first weeks of pregnancy the lower abdomen is pulled, then this is one of the early signs of conception, which in most cases does not pose any threat to either the woman or the fetus. But it will not be superfluous to consult a gynecologist to exclude the onset of spontaneous abortion.

At the 5th week of pregnancy periodic pulling pains in the lower quadrant of the abdomen are associated with ligament tension and are present in the norm. For the same reason, it can pull the lower abdomen at the 6th week of pregnancy.

But if the lower abdomen is constantly pulled and there is brown discharge from the vagina, then this is a dangerous sign that indicates the onset of spontaneous abortion and requires immediate qualified assistance.

In the late stages of pregnancy, as well as in the initial, a woman also often feels pulling pains in the abdomen. Consider the reasons for the weeks.

34th week of pregnancy: pulls the lower abdomen, as well as the lower back, pubic region, perineum, sacrum. In this case, the sensations resemble pain during menstruation. The reason for this discomfort is related to the preparation for childbirth (pressing the head against the pelvic bone, divergence of the pubic bones, lowering the head, training contractions, etc.). Important! Regular cramping or pulling pains in the lower abdomen, which are accompanied by the passage of a mucous plug, the release of amniotic fluid and a strong prolapse of the abdomen, are a sign of premature birth. If you experience these symptoms, you should immediately call an ambulance.
At 35 weeks pregnant pulling pains in the lower abdomen are also a normal condition, which indicates preparation for the upcoming birth. But if symptoms of premature birth appear at the 35th week of pregnancy, you need to urgently call an ambulance. You also need to act if you start to pull the lower abdomen at the 36-37th week of pregnancy.
At 38 weeks pulls the lower abdomen, the stomach sank, the mucous plug and water moved away - these are signs of the opening of the cervix, it's time to get ready for the hospital. But you need to know that at the 38th week of pregnancy, pulling pains in the lower abdomen can also be caused by pathological conditions. A timely visit to a gynecologist will accurately determine the cause of such pain and avoid serious consequences for the woman and child.
For the same reasons pulls the lower abdomen at the 39th week of pregnancy or at the 40th week of pregnancy. Therefore, you need to be attentive to your feelings and be sure to report them to the obstetrician-gynecologist.

Why can pull the lower abdomen after childbirth?

Causes of pulling pain in the lower abdomen can be:

contraction of the uterus while applying the baby to the breast, which is the norm;
caesarean section (pain in the suture area);
inflammation of the mucous layer of the uterus;
inflammation of the appendages;
placental polyp;
bowel diseases and others.

Most women face such a problem, but not all turn to a specialist. Soreness after sexual intercourse can appear for reasons such as:

Pulls the lower abdomen in a man: causes

Most often, men pull the lower abdomen with inflammation of the seminal vesicles, inflammation and prostate cancer.

On both sides of the prostate gland there are seminal vesicles, the inflammation of which is characterized by pulling pain above the pubis and in the groin. The pain increases after sexual intercourse or when the bladder overflows.

With inflammation of the prostate gland (prostatitis), it can pull both in the perineum and in the suprapubic region. In addition, pain is given to the lower back.

In the initial stages, prostate cancer practically does not give itself away. Symptoms appear already in the later stages of the disease. A malignant neoplasm of the prostate gland in most cases is manifested by severe pains of a pulling nature, which are similar to an attack of sciatica.

If you find pulling pains in the lower abdomen that radiate to the sacrum, perineum, groin or lower back, you should consult a urologist. Such symptoms may indicate the presence of a serious illness, and the sooner treatment is started, the greater the chance of recovery.

As you can see, there are a lot of reasons for pulling pains in the lower abdomen. In some cases, such sensations are the norm, while in others they signal health problems. An experienced eye of a specialist will help determine the cause and, if necessary, eliminate it.

Pulling pain in the lower abdomen in women very often occurs during pregnancy, menstruation or through gynecological diseases.

1. Pulls the lower abdomen during pregnancy

In women, during pregnancy, the stomach pulls, as a rule, in the early and late stages. In the first weeks, the stomach may hurt due to an increase in the size of the uterus. The muscles stretch as the fetus grows, so pain and discomfort appear.

If the lower abdomen does not hurt much and passes quickly, and there are no pathological symptoms, then usually, you do not need to panic. But when during the pain you feel dizzy, spotting comes out of the vagina, you feel weakness, nausea, fever, you need to urgently consult a doctor! There is a risk of miscarriage, premature birth and ectopic pregnancy.

Problem Solutions:

For mild and short-term pain, you can drink a no-shpy pill, green tea, also lie on the bed and try to relax.
If the pulling pain occurs frequently and radiates to the left or right side, then it is recommended to visit a doctor who will direct you to do an ultrasound.
Also, pain in the lower abdomen can be a symptom of acute appendicitis, which is accompanied by vomiting and nausea. In this case, it is necessary to carry out an operation that will be completely safe for the child.
Digestive problems often cause lingering pain in the lower abdomen. Ask your gynecologist to create a unique diet for you.
Discomfort in the lower abdomen can be felt at 16-24 weeks of pregnancy. As a rule, this occurs due to spasms and sprains of the round ligament. For a solution, you can drink a soothing tea, as well as lie down on the sofa to relax.

2. Pulls the lower abdomen during menstruation

Pain in the lower abdomen that bothers you during menstruation may indicate the presence of diseases or other problems. As a rule, the cause of pain in the lower abdomen during menstruation is:

insufficiency of the luteal phase;
insufficient level of endogenous opiates;
high content of prostaglandins;
dysmenorrhea and others.

Problem Solutions:

In case of severe pain and feeling unwell, you should consult a gynecologist. He will conduct examinations and give special instructions.
Also give up smoking and other bad habits. Take a warm bath or shower for no more than 15 minutes. In addition, you can do a light massage that will help reduce tension in the abdominal area.

3. Pulling pain in the lower abdomen in the middle of the menstrual cycle

Often the cause of discomfort and pain is the cause of ovulation. This suggests that the maturing follicle stretches the walls of the ovary. If the follicle bursts, the fluid from it irritates the uterus, and it begins to contract, so you feel a pulling pain in the abdomen.

Problem Solutions:

As a rule, such pains last 1-3 days and do not require special attention. If you are very worried, you can go to the doctor for an examination. Also take a no-shpy pill and try to relax while lying in bed.
If pain occurs after ovulation, then you need to visit a gynecologist. Discomfort and pain may indicate inflammation of the ovaries or other diseases.

4. It hurts and pulls the stomach after intercourse

The cause of such pain may be intense sex, when your partner reaches the cervix. In this case, you need to choose more comfortable positions, and also ask your partner to be much more careful.

In addition, the symptom may indicate various infectious and inflammatory diseases: gonorrhea, bacterial vaginosis, chlamydia, endometriosis, and others. They are usually accompanied by itching, burning, unpleasant discharge, problems with urination and other warning signs.

Problem Solutions:

It is recommended that you seek the help of a gynecologist so that he accurately determines the cause of pain and discomfort, and then prescribes treatment for you.

Why pulls the lower abdomen in men

Discomfort and pain in the lower abdomen may indicate diseases of the male reproductive system. In many cases, the cause is prostatitis or genital infections.

Pulls the stomach with prostatitis and genital infections

Chronic prostatitis is the most common cause of lingering pain in the lower abdomen in men. Pain with inflammation can affect the perineum, rectum, or genitals. Signs are fever, urination disorders and others.

Often, women, turning to a doctor, complain that their lower abdomen is pulling. Drawing pains can occur in various diseases. Pain does not always indicate pathology. Women and young girls experience a similar ailment during or before menstruation. If the pain is constant and combined with other complaints, you should visit a doctor. What are the causes of pain in the lower abdomen in women and how to get rid of them?

A woman's body is built differently than a man's. Very often, women face problems such as menstrual irregularities and complications during childbearing. For men, this is not typical. Pain is not a disease, but its manifestation. Pain is a subjective symptom. Some people tolerate pain well, while others are more sensitive. If the lower abdomen is pulled, the underlying cause should be established. To do this, you need to collect all the complaints of the patient and make a preliminary diagnosis.

The first thing the doctor should do is determine the nature of the pain. It can be mild, moderate or intense. She can disturb a woman constantly or periodically. Important is such a characteristic as the relationship with the menstrual cycle. The stomach can hurt a few days before menstruation, during them or after. Often, discomfort is felt during ovulation. It is important to establish a connection between the pain syndrome and the act of urination, defecation, and eating. Pain may occur at rest or on movement.

By localization, there is pain in the left or right lower abdomen, diffuse, bilateral. Not everyone knows why the lower abdomen is pulled. All etiological factors can be divided into pathological and physiological. The lower abdomen can hurt with the following diseases:

cystitis;
chronic salpingoophoritis;
endometritis;
endometriosis;
sexually transmitted diseases;
anomalies in the development of the genital organs;
pyelonephritis;
intestinal pathology;
diverticulitis.

Physiological causes include stress, the period of bearing a child, the premenstrual period, hypothermia, changes in sexual activity, the period of ovulation.

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Pain during ovulation

If the lower abdomen is pulled in the middle of the cycle, this may indicate ovulation. Ovulation is the release of an egg into the abdominal cavity. This happens in the middle of the menstrual cycle (on the 14-15th day of the cycle). The duration of pain in each woman is different. Most often it lasts several hours. In severe cases, the pain does not go away for 1-2 days. The intensity of the pain syndrome is moderate. The pain may be aggravated by sexual intercourse.

This symptom is due to a sprain in the ovarian region. This happens against the background of hormonal changes and redistribution of blood. In most cases, pain is felt on one side only. A similar symptom may indicate ovarian pathology or hormonal failure. In this case, you need to contact a gynecologist and undergo a complete examination. Ovulation pains can appear in both healthy and sick women.

What is dangerous algomenorrhea

Often there is such a pathology as algomenorrhea. This is a condition in which painful menstruation is observed. In most cases, with algomenorrhea, sharp, cramping pains are noted. The latter can also be pulling. The first complaints may appear a few days before menstruation. Pain with algomenorrhea has the following features:

is pulling or cramping;
can give to the sacrum or perineum;
combined with general malaise (weakness, fainting);
may be accompanied by nausea, excessive sweating, impaired stool, headache.

There are primary and secondary forms of algomenorrhea. Primary occurs at a young age some time after menarche. It is not associated with inflammatory diseases of the genital organs. Secondary algomenorrhea can be one of the manifestations of endometriosis, underdevelopment of the body of the uterus, endometritis, adnexitis. The cause may be difficult childbirth, artificial termination of pregnancy, surgery on the uterus, fallopian tubes or ovaries. The psychological factor is of no small importance.

Symptoms of endometriosis

Very often, the stomach hurts with a disease such as endometriosis. It accounts for 10% of all cases of gynecological pathology. In all women, the inside of the uterus is lined with endometrium. With endometriosis, this layer grows and goes beyond the mucosa of the organ. This disease most often affects people aged 30 to 50 years. There are the following causes of endometriosis:

hormonal imbalance (high concentration of follicle-stimulating and luteinizing hormone);
hereditary predisposition;
decreased immunity;
metaplasia (transformation of one tissue into another).

Predisposing factors include a history of abortion, poor environment, iron deficiency, obesity, chronic inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary organs, and the use of intrauterine devices. Endometriosis does not have a permanent clinical picture. The most common symptoms are pain, the presence of secretions from the genital tract, nausea, vomiting, weakness, impaired reproductive function. Endometriosis pain is localized in the lower back or lower abdomen. It tends to increase during menstruation. Strengthening of the pain syndrome is possible after bowel movement and sexual contact.

Syndrome during pregnancy

If the lower abdomen is pulled, as during menstruation, the reason may lie in pregnancy. Moderate pain does not always indicate a pathological course of pregnancy. The cause may be pressure on the abdominal organs by an enlarged uterus. A similar condition is more often observed in those women who have never given birth and become pregnant. Unpleasant sensations can also be experienced by those women who have had a long period of time from the moment of the first pregnancy to the second. This sign of pregnancy can easily be confused with a miscarriage or an ectopic pregnancy.

In the normal course of pregnancy, pain appears for no reason. They are pulling and slightly pronounced. The pain syndrome lasts for several minutes. An important diagnostic sign is that, in addition to pain, there are no other symptoms (bleeding, weakness, malaise). Spontaneous abortion begins with a pulling pain, but soon it becomes cramping. During an abortion, spotting or profuse bleeding is observed. In any case, if pain occurs, you should consult a doctor. If a woman is pregnant, you should periodically take tests and be examined.

Development of vaginitis

With vaginitis (colpitis), aching pains in the abdomen can bother you on any day of the cycle. Vaginitis is the most common gynecological pathology. Its share in the overall structure of diseases of the genital organs in women is 60%. It is predominantly an infectious disease. The pathogens can be cocci, mycoplasmas, chlamydia, gonococci, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The following factors contribute to the development of colpitis:

endocrine disorders;
non-compliance with the rules of intimate hygiene;
promiscuity;
hormonal disorders;
injury to the genital mucosa;
lack of vitamins in the body;
decreased immunity;
a history of abortion or diagnostic curettage.

Vaginitis (colpitis) is manifested by the following symptoms:

pulling pain in the lower abdomen;
itching;
burning sensation;
secretions from the genital tract;
frequent urination;
swelling of the labia.

The severity of the pain syndrome depends on the form of inflammation. In acute vaginitis, the pain is more pronounced. In chronic inflammation, symptoms may appear periodically (during an exacerbation).

Inflammation of the bladder

The appearance of pain in the lower abdomen on any day of the cycle may indicate inflammation of the bladder.

Cystitis is a common pathology among women. This is due to the short and wide urethra. This ensures faster penetration of microorganisms into the organ. There are the following reasons for the development of cystitis in women:

bladder catheterization;
hypothermia;
exposure;
exposure to toxic and medicinal substances;
violation of urodynamics;
urolithiasis;
mucosal injury.

The prevalence of cystitis among females reaches 40%. Cystitis is manifested by frequent urination (up to 20-30 times a day), pain during urine output, a feeling of incomplete emptying of the organ, discomfort or aching pain in the abdomen. In most cases, cystitis is not dangerous for the patient and disappears within a week. In the absence of treatment, the development of complications (pyelonephritis, renal failure) is possible.

Patient examination plan

In case of pulling pains in the abdomen, you should consult a gynecologist. In this situation, it may be necessary to consult other specialists (urologist, therapist, gastroenterologist). The doctor must make an accurate diagnosis. Diagnosis includes a gynecological examination, external examination, palpation of the abdomen, patient interviews, laboratory and instrumental studies. The following tests may be needed:

general and biochemical blood test;
Analysis of urine;
coagulogram;
pregnancy test;
culture of urine and smear taken from the urethra, cervix and vagina;
determination of the level of sex hormones in the blood;
examination of cervical mucus.

Of the instrumental research methods, ultrasound of the pelvic organs, culdocentesis, radiography of the abdominal organs, laparoscopy, hysterosalpingography, and colposcopy can be performed. If a tumor is suspected, a biopsy is done followed by a microscopic examination of the tissue.

Therapeutic measures

Treatment depends on the underlying cause of the pain. If the pain syndrome is a sign of pregnancy, then specific treatment is not required. All recommendations for preserving the child and preventing possible complications should be followed (eat well, eliminate stress, give up alcohol and smoking, limit physical activity). If the pain bothers before menstruation, antispasmodics or drugs that dilate blood vessels are prescribed. With algomenorrhea, the doctor may prescribe hormonal drugs, vitamins, and physiotherapy.

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When colpitis is detected, treatment should be comprehensive. Local and general therapy is carried out. Local treatment involves the use of antiseptic solutions for washing the external genital organs, antibacterial suppositories and ointments. If necessary, hormonal preparations are prescribed. Patients should follow a sour-milk diet, limit fluid intake. During treatment, it is not recommended to have sexual intercourse. To restore the microflora of the vagina, probiotics and prebiotics (Acilact) are prescribed. When endometriosis is detected, therapy can be conservative or surgical.

The most commonly prescribed combined oral contraceptives (Regulon, Jeanine), Depo-Provera, androgen derivatives. To eliminate pain, drugs from the group of NSAIDs (Ibuprofen) and antispasmodics can be used. With the ineffectiveness of hormonal therapy, surgical treatment is organized. If aching pain is due to cystitis, fluoroquinolones or nitrofurans are prescribed. To eliminate pain, NSAIDs and antispasmodics are used. Thus, pulling pains in the lower abdomen are not always a sign of illness. Despite this, in case of constant discomfort, you should visit a specialist in a timely manner and undergo an examination.

According to statistics, many women complain of pulling pains in the lower abdomen. There can be many reasons for this phenomenon. These include inflammatory diseases, hypothermia, weakened immune function and physiological processes.

The first reason for pulling the stomach is the onset of menstruation. Many girls endure an unpleasant painful syndrome. It usually lasts one or two days. This symptom is excruciating. In this case, a headache may also be an additional symptom.

There is a solution to the problem - the adoption of an analgesic, analgesic or antispasmodic.

But why pulls the lower abdomen during menstruation? The main reason for this phenomenon is the rhythmic contraction of muscle structures in the uterine cavity. They try to push out the unfertilized egg and the extra layer of endometrium.

This factor is physiological and is considered normal. If the pain is unbearable and lasts more than two days, then it is worth visiting a doctor.

Factors due to which there are pulling pains in the abdomen

There are other factors that lead to an unpleasant feeling. Most of them are pathological in nature, but occur in most women.

Ovulation

When the lower abdomen is pulled, the causes may be hiding in the ovulatory syndrome. Most often, discomfort occurs in the groin area. Doctors say that this is physiology, and it consists in the maturation of the egg inside the follicle. In the middle of the menstrual cycle, it breaks and the female cell exits.

Against this background, there is a little blood, an increase in temperature values \u200b\u200band a pulling pain in the lower abdomen in women.

Premenstrual syndrome

Another common cause of unpleasant pain in the abdomen is premenstrual syndrome. Doctors explain that this is an individual feature of the female body.

If the released egg has not undergone fertilization, then it, together with the inner lining of the uterus, comes out in the form of red discharge. This phenomenon is always accompanied by a strong spasm, which is a bit like labor pains.

Often, premenstrual syndrome is accompanied not only by aching pain in the abdomen, but also by headaches, insomnia, or, conversely, drowsiness, irritability.

You can eliminate the symptoms with the help of medicines, proper rest. You can take tea drinks based on licorice, oregano, sage and lemon balm. Their effect is aimed at normalizing sex hormones.

Much less likely to pull the lower abdomen with inflammation of the appendix. Under this concept, it is customary to understand a small process that departs from the caecum. With the abuse of junk food or alcohol, it can become inflamed.

Treatment of the disease is carried out only by surgery. The patient may complain of severe acute pain inside the abdomen. Usually it occurs in the right side, and then gradually passes into the navel.

Additional symptoms may manifest as fever, nausea, repeated vomiting, diarrhea, dizziness, loss of consciousness.

Inflammatory process in the appendages

Inflammation in the fallopian tubes and testicles may be accompanied by a periodic, pulling painful sensation. In this case, there is a rise in temperature, frequent and painful urination. The cause is often hypothermia.

Treatment consists in taking antibacterial and anti-inflammatory drugs, antispasmodics and douching with herbal infusions. Self-medication in this case is not applicable. In the future, it is necessary to strengthen the immune system, keep the legs and lower back warm.

Ovarian apoplexy

Under this concept, it is customary to understand hemorrhage. It occurs as a result of tearing a mature follicle with an egg after prolonged and hard sex, as well as heavy physical exertion.

Then the woman hurts and pulls the lower abdomen. Signs are similar to ectopic pregnancy, only there is no delay in menstruation. The whole process begins with a sharp pain in the lower abdomen. Then it starts to give into the rectum. The patient complains of nausea, dizziness, weakness.

Pathology is treated only with the help of surgery.

Discomfort after sex

If it pulls in the lower abdomen after intercourse, then the cause is a pathology in the pelvic organs. In such a situation, only a gynecologist can help. When the pain is constantly tormenting after each act, then you should not hesitate to visit the doctor and treat. This can lead to serious complications.

Most often pulls in the lower abdomen in women with inflammation of the ovaries. The cyst refers to benign formations and can pass on its own.

Diseases of a venereal type or thrush can lead to pain. To make sure that the assessment of the condition is correct, it is necessary to undergo an ultrasound diagnosis and pass an analysis for latent infections.

Drawing pain in the abdomen as a symptom of pregnancy

Why does a woman's stomach pull? Much less often, patients notice that the lower abdomen can periodically hurt during pregnancy. Often this sign is correlated with the signal for the appearance of menstruation.

To make sure of this, the girl needs to do a pregnancy test at home. If everything is confirmed, then consult a doctor. You can sip your stomach during pregnancy even before the delay in one or two days. This indicates the attachment of the fetal egg and a change in hormonal levels.

Additional symptoms may include drowsiness, fatigue, breast tenderness, and changes in taste preferences. It is much more dangerous when pulling pains are accompanied by bleeding or the appearance of smearing brown discharge. Such a process can signal placental abruption, miscarriage, hematoma, or fetal fading.

Drawing pains in later pregnancy

Often at the stage of gestation, expectant mothers complain of pulling pain in the abdomen. At a later date, this symptom often signals the development of serious problems.

The most common reasons include:

practice fights. This process is a kind of preparatory exercises that the body itself produces before the onset of childbirth. They usually occur two to three weeks before the birth process;
hypertonicity of the uterine cavity. This phenomenon is understood as premature uterine contraction, which is caused by overexcitation of the muscle walls. This condition is considered dangerous;
detachment of the placenta. This condition is very dangerous not only for the expectant mother, but also for the fetus itself. To prevent exfoliation of the placenta, it is necessary to observe strict bed rest and avoid lifting weights.

The problem may be hiding in a sick stomach. This is due to compression of the organ by the uterine cavity. The patient may complain of heartburn, nausea and vomiting.

Whatever the cause of discomfort, you need to seek help from a specialist. Only he can prescribe adequate treatment.