What drops help with a cold. Treatment of the common cold with folk remedies. Drops with eucalyptus from the common cold

• Stage 1 - reflex. Its duration takes several hours. Vasoconstriction occurs, the surface of the mucous membrane becomes pale. The nose becomes dry and irritated;
• Stage 2 - catarrhal. Lasts two or three days. There is an expansion of blood vessels, redness and swelling of the mucosa. Difficulty breathing and clinical signs of a runny nose are observed;
• Stage 3 - recovery. The functional abilities of the nasal mucosa are restored. The inflammation stops. Breathing through the nose returns to normal. There is a disappearance in the nose of dryness, itching, burning. Nasal secretions thicken, their color changes.

In total, with the right approach to treatment, the duration of a runny nose is 7-10 days.

When assisting a child, it is necessary to consider which medications and when it is permissible to use. is complicated by the fact that the number of medicines for children from the common cold is very limited.

Children's vasoconstrictor drops

An interesting and informative article from a children's doctor about pharmaceutical and folk remedies.

It will also be useful for parents to know the child and use an aspirator with interchangeable nozzles.

To relieve a runny nose in a child, you can use vasoconstrictor nasal drops for children.

With a runny nose, swelling of the nasal mucosa occurs, which prevents the child from breathing. Vasoconstrictor nasal drops are administered during an allergic reaction or when. Therefore, it is necessary to have such a drug in the medicine cabinet at home. This medicine should not be the main one in the treatment of various diseases. Rather, it is used to help the child breathe normally during an illness.

Children's vasoconstrictor drops are divided into three classes: short-acting agents, intermediate-acting agents, and long-acting agents. The drug for children for nasal congestion is selected taking into account the goals to be achieved.

If nasal breathing is impaired due to a cold, long-acting medications should be used. It is important to follow the instructions. Use the medicine at the exact dosage, preferably at bedtime or at night. If the swelling of the mucous membrane is caused by an allergic reaction, you can buy a short-acting drug.

Short-acting vasoconstrictor drops in the nose from the common cold

The duration of these drops for children is 4 hours. Preparing drugs based on tetrazoline, phenylephrine and naphazoline.

Droplets can cause children's medical rhinitis. This is a disease that develops as a result of an overdose of nasal vasoconstrictor drugs. Because of the feeling of a good result from the drops, most people, despite the instructions, greatly increase the dosage. Children's dependence on drugs develops rapidly. This leads to a long cure for the common cold.

Preparations based on phenylephrine are ideal for preschool children. Preparations can be used for children up to 3 years.

Drops are made on the basis of naphazoline at a dose of 0.05%. The drug Naphthyzin, upon contact with the mucous membrane in the nasal cavity, quickly relieves inflammation and swelling of the tissues. With a cold, the medicine acts on the capillaries, thereby increasing the amount of air that enters through the nose.

Doctors rarely prescribe Naphthyzine vasoconstrictor drops to children when there is acute sinusitis and frequent bleeding.

Naphthyzine is not administered to babies under one year old, to women during pregnancy, during.

When using the drug, side effects can be observed - lethargy, dizziness, low body temperature, medical rhinitis may develop.

In pregnant women, the drug causes vasoconstriction in the nasal sinus and in other organs. This situation is often the cause of fetal hypoxia. Therefore, it is contraindicated to use even children's vasoconstrictor drops for pregnant women without consulting a doctor.

Vasoconstrictor drops for infants should be used after consultation with the attending physician.

The drug Otrivin

The drug Tizin

The drops are based on tetrizoline. The active substance of the drug for children is 0.05%.

Drops lead to narrowing of blood vessels and improve the nasal mucosa. The impact occurs after 5 minutes, lasts more than 10 hours.

The medicine has several contraindications: age up to 2 years, hypersensitivity to individual components.

Among the side effects are a decrease in body temperature, a feeling of dryness and irritation in the nose, sleep disturbance and wakefulness in children under 3 years of age. The mechanism of action of the drug Tizin is similar to the drug Otrivin.

Not only the name of the drops is different, but they also differ in price. The drug Tizin is much cheaper. Therefore, with nasal congestion in children, it is preferred by most modern mothers.

Vasoconstrictor drugs for the common cold long-acting

The duration of vasoconstrictor drops is provided by the presence of oxymetazoline. This ingredient not only removes the swelling of the mucosa, but also reduces the secretion of mucus in the sinuses during sinusitis, rhinitis. For various allergic reactions, medications are also used, which are based on oxymetazoline.

Contraindications: hypersensitivity, age under 6 years.

The most common are the drugs Afrin, Fazin, Nazivin. All of these drugs have different dosages. They are suitable for adults and children.

Nazivin

This medicine based on oxymetazoline perfectly relieves swelling of the mucous membrane and normalizes breathing through the nose. The drug Nazivin, as a rule, is well tolerated by young patients.

Sometimes there may be side effects - a decrease in body temperature, a feeling in the nose of dryness and irritation.

Moisturizing nasal drops for newborns contain isotonic sea water that is filtered and microbiologically controlled to be sterile. Isotonic means that sea water has been diluted enough to contain the same concentration of salt as cells in the human body.

Fine drops of sea water work by softening and loosening nasal mucus. This helps to clear the nasal passages, allowing the child to breathe easier, thereby making it easier for him to eat and sleep. The drops also clear the nasal passages of viruses and bacteria, as well as irritants and allergens such as dust and pollen.

If your child has a nose injury or has recently had nose surgery, you should consult your doctor before using this group of medicines.

Treatment of a runny nose in children under one year old will be easier with the use of drugs in this group. One of these means are drops, sprays, aerosols of the Aqualor brand.

The company produces a wide range of medications for moisturizing and washing the nasal passages. Aqualor contains water from the Atlantic Ocean collected off the coast of Brittany.

• - nose drops for newborns. Produced in the form of drops and spray. They contain diluted sea water;
• Aqualor soft aerosol and Aqualor norms spray from a cold for children contain diluted sea water. They are prescribed for dryness of the nasal mucosa during colds. The remedy can be for children from six months;
• Aqualor forte used when the nose is very stuffy. In this agent, the concentration of the sea water solution exceeds the standardized 0.9%. Aqualor forte can be used for children from two years old.

Another well-known drug designed to moisturize the nasal cavity of an infant is Aquamaris. For children up to a year, it is produced in a drop form. For children older than one year, you can use the spray.

Sterilized isotonic sea water contained in Aquamaris maintains the normal state of the nasal mucosa.

The constituent microelements of this medicine increase the resistance of the mucous membrane of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses to the ingress of viruses and bacteria.

If the child has allergic or vasomotor rhinitis, the drug helps to wash off and remove allergens and irritants from the nasal mucosa, reduce the local inflammatory process. Aquamaris is used for hygienic purposes, cleans the mucous from street and house dust.

Aquamaris

Most doctors have developed a distrustful attitude towards homeopathic remedies. However, homeopaths are confident in the effectiveness of such medicines.

Benefits of this category.

1. Their use is not dangerous in the treatment of the common cold in young children.
2. Components of plant origin only.
3. There are no side effects.

Many homeopaths are convinced that with an individual approach to the preparation of a treatment regimen, a positive result can be achieved. Homeopaths also recommend the use of these drops for the purpose of prevention. It is worth noting that homeopathic drops will not help, but will be harmful in the treatment of viral or bacterial sinusitis.

When using homeopathic drops, you must adhere to a clear scheme. Treatment should last 1-4 months because homeopathy has a cumulative effect.

Below are details of the two brands available to patients. Each brand is unique, but all of them, according to experienced homeopaths, are very effective.

Xlear

You may have heard of xylitol as a natural, calorie-free sugar substitute. It is used in natural resins and food products. But xylitol has many uses, one of which is nasal cleansing.

Xlear is a nasal spray that comes with xylitol, which stimulates the natural cleaning of the child's respiratory system.

Xylitol actually prevents bacteria and other irritants from sticking to your baby's nose, preventing re-infection and irritation. This way the body is able to heal itself faster. By stopping bacteria and irritants from bothering your child, you can protect him from possible infection and prevent bacteria from entering the nose.

This product will not only relieve the symptoms of the disease, but, first of all, will prevent their occurrence, which you are unlikely to see from a conventional cold remedy. The formula was developed by a doctor and contains only natural ingredients such as purified water and grapefruit seed extract, which acts as a natural preservative.

In fact, you can store the medicine in the room for several months, and it will not deteriorate. Since this preparation does not contain any chemical elements, you can use it for various purposes - for illness, allergies, general irritation of the nasal mucosa. The drug is completely safe for children and does not contain antibiotics.

This is a remedy whose main ingredient is olive leaf extract.

Seagate Olive Leaf Nasal Spray is made from natural plant ingredients that reduce mucus production and ease breathing due to mucosal swelling.

Similar to the xylitol product described above, olive leaf extract actually helps prevent irritation in the nasal passages.

Seagate Olive Leaf Nasal Spray

It contains only three ingredients.

1. Olive leaf extract with anti-inflammatory property due to oleuropein.
2. Baptista Tinctoria. Also known as yellow wild indigo. The root of this plant has long been used to treat infections of the throat, mouth, and gums. Recently, a stimulating effect on the immune system has been proven.
3. Grapefruit seed extract is used as a natural preservative. This extract is full of antioxidants, nutrients. Contains vitamin C and minerals, used to combat harmful organisms and bacteria.

These ingredients have amazing properties on their own and form a powerful formula when combined with each other. Not only will your baby's sinuses be free, but you will also experience the added benefits of these ingredients.

The antifungal properties as well as the immune system-boosting effects of the ingredients will help prevent infections.

Oil nose drops for children

Nasal drops based on various oils are used to moisturize and soften the nasal cavity.

Currently, for different types of rhinitis, the following drugs are most popular, which are openly available in every pharmacy.

Oil nose drops for children

These are cold drops for children from 1 year old. Contain a mixture of vegetable and essential oils, pure natural substances with antimicrobial action.

Improves blood circulation in mucous tissues and restores its natural functions. Pinosol is a complex medication with anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antiviral effects.

Reduces the intensity of local exudative inflammation, reduces the viscosity of mucus, facilitates its separation and expectoration. In the case of a chronic disease, it increases blood flow in the nose, larynx, trachea and promotes functional recovery.

Indications: infectious and inflammatory diseases of the nasal cavity, nasopharynx, trachea, bronchi.

In the first stage of a runny nose, doctors recommend dripping 1 drop into each nostril at three-hour intervals. When you feel better, switch to four times a day. For babies, wet an ear stick with the solution and rub the nasal passages in a circular motion.

Pinovit

It is used in the treatment of various forms of rhinitis. Pinovit reduces inflammation, swelling, has a thinning property. The drug is contraindicated when there is an allergy to its components.

The tool is intended for children from 2 years. The dosage for children is 1 drop in each nostril no more than 4 times a day. The duration of treatment is about 6 days.

Pinovit drops

Other nasal oil drops with a similar effect and the same treatment regimen are Ekvasept, Sinusan, Vitaon.

Antiviral drops

The basis of almost all antiviral nasal drops is interferon.

Grippferon

Antiviral drug, the main component of which is interferon. Release form: ointments, drops, children's spray from the common cold.

Grippferon has a powerful anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effect.

Its undoubted advantage is the almost absolute absence of side effects and contraindications. This is an effective medication for the common cold of viral origin for children under 1 year old.

Grippferon

Ingaron

Ingaron is produced in the form of a white powder. Before using it, you need to make a solution. The powder must be diluted with distilled water. Ingaron is based on gamma-interferon. It is more effective against viruses. The drug has a wide spectrum of action. Contraindicated in children under 7 years of age.

Derinat

Derinat differs from other antiviral drugs in that it does not contain interferon. The main component of the drug is deoxyribonucleate.

The drug has a fairly strong immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effect. The dosage for children is calculated only by the pediatrician individually for each case.

Antibacterial drops

Antibacterial nasal drops are "heavy artillery" for the treatment of diseases of the nasopharynx and the entire system of the upper respiratory tract. These drops will help cure nasal diseases that are not amenable to conventional therapy.

Antibacterial drops consist of strong substances that fight infection and relieve a runny nose in children. These medicines quickly remove the swelling of the mucous membranes, normalize the respiratory function.

Compared to the same preparations in the form of tablets drops have a number of advantages.

1. They can act directly on the source of infection at the local level, which allows you to more effectively and quickly deal with the disease.
2. Avoid allergic reactions and the emergence of resistance to certain antibiotics.
3. The drugs have no negative effects on the digestive tract.
4. Do not harm healthy flora.
5. The product is not applied locally to other areas of the body and is safe for the immune system.
6. Does not affect destructively on blood vessels and capillaries.

Despite the rather significant benefits, this type of antibiotic treatment is not safe. Therefore, they cannot be assigned on their own.

The most popular antibacterial nasal preparations

The drug contains a hormonal ingredient, so it tends to be prescribed in exceptionally difficult cases. Children can use the product after reaching the age of three.

Isofra

Isofra contains the main active ingredient framycetin. The medicine is made in the form of sprays. An antibacterial drug of this kind is good for certain types of infection.

Therefore, it is prescribed in cases where the causative agent is known. Well eliminates all classes of aerobic microorganisms. When a drug does not work after a week of use, it is discontinued and replaced with another type of antibiotic.

These medicines can be administered to children and adults. It must be borne in mind that the drugs belong to the group of antibiotics and each of them is intended for a specific age group.

Antiseptic nose drops for babies Protargol

It is an anti-inflammatory astringent colloidal solution of silver ions. It is used for children from birth. The drug belongs to the category of a wide spectrum, but it has limitations.

For viral infections, this drug does not work. When using Protargol, an infection of bacterial origin goes away quickly, without complications.

Always talk to your pediatrician before choosing and using any effective cold medicine for children. Be sure to call your pediatrician if your baby develops symptoms or a fever.

A runny nose is a symptom that indicates that the nasal mucosa is trying to get rid of a microbe, allergen, foreign body or dust by washing them out of the nasal cavity. Nasal congestion indicates swelling of the same membrane.

In both of these cases, help is needed in the form of a local remedy - drops or sprays. The main requirement for these funds, whether it is a nasal spray or drops, is that it helps the nasal mucosa in solving the problem, and not just eliminates congestion or snot.

Below we give groups of drugs that are used for nasal congestion and runny nose, indications for use, duration of action and prices. To say what type of medication is needed, no one can do it better than an ENT doctor who will do this based on the results of the examination.

Important Rules

For a cold remedy to really help, follow these rules:

1. Use the drops for children under 6 years of age and the spray for adults. This is due to the fact that in children the auditory tube, that is, the message between the pharynx and the ear, is short. If a spray is sprayed into the baby’s nose, then it, as well as particles of microbes from the nasopharynx, is very likely to enter the inner ear. There they are likely to cause otitis - allergic or infectious.
2. Using the drops, lie down (lay the child down), drip 1-2 drops of the drug into the right nostril and turn your head to the right, slightly tilting it up. As you drip into your left nostril, turn your head to the left and up. At the same time, you need to lie down on each side for 7-10 minutes so that the product can get not only on the nasal mucosa, but also in the area where the nose connects to the sinuses. This rule is especially important for vasoconstrictor drops: by properly instilling, you will quickly facilitate nasal breathing, and also prevent sinusitis (edema in the junction of the sinus and nose will subside - the contents of the sinus will not stagnate, but will come out).
3. When using the spray, on the contrary, the head should be vertical and tilted in the direction opposite to the nostril. So the drug will remain in the nose, and will not move into the auditory tube.
4. Rinse your nose with saline solutions before using medicated nasal sprays. This can be done using ready-made drops and sprays, which we will discuss below, or solutions that require preparation (Dolphin, Aqua-Maris powders with a nasal rinse system). You can also rinse your nose with a 0.9% solution of sodium chloride bought at a pharmacy in a bottle of 200 or 400 ml, as well as a composition prepared on your own (1 teaspoon of salt is taken for 200 ml of boiled warm water).

Types of drops from the common cold

What drops in the nose from the common cold can be used? There are such groups of drugs:

1. Salt solutions.
2. Vasoconstrictive drops and sprays.
3. Hormonal sprays.
4. Sprays to thin thick nasal discharge.
5. Drops and sprays with antibiotics or antiseptics (including those based on silver).
6. Antiviral local drugs.
7. Combined preparations, including emollients, which contain essential oils.
8. Drops that will thicken abundant liquid snot.
9. Homeopathic preparations.
10. Drops and sprays with immunomodulating effect.
11. Drops in the nose from an allergic rhinitis.

Saline solutions

Medicines based on ocean, sea water or similar solutions prepared in a pharmacy contain many trace elements, organic compounds, and minerals. They are indicated for a runny nose of any (allergic, viral, bacterial, fungal) origin, any kind of sinusitis (sinusitis,), inflammation of the adenoids. Their action is aimed at:

• washing out microbes from the nasal cavity;
• liquefaction of thick mucus;
• leaching of substances released during inflammation and maintaining their level;
• acceleration of mucosal healing;
• increased tone of the vessels of the nasal mucosa;
• destruction of microbes (if the water contains iodine).

Depending on the concentration in sodium chloride solutions, several types of saline solutions are distinguished:

Hypotonic solutions The hypotonic solution is produced only in the form of one drug - Aquamaster, where sodium chloride is 0.65%. The concentration of NaCl is lower than in the blood (less than 0.9%), so the solution is absorbed by the nasal mucosa, thins viscous mucus, and softens dry crusts in the nose. Price - 190-210 rubles.

Isotonic solutions They exist in the form of a large number of drugs, the price of which is different. This: Aqua Maris. Price 220-290 r. Humer 150 worth 580-700 rubles. Physiomer. Price 320-400 r. Aqualor. Price 250-300 r. Marimer. The price of drops is 240 r, the spray is about 400 r. Otrivin Sea. The price is 350-500 r (depending on the volume of the bottle). Morenasal. The price of a spray with chamomile is 280 r, Imuno spray is 500 r. Dolphin. Price 300-430 r. These drugs can be used for a newborn with a cold, a pregnant and lactating woman.

Hypertonic saline solutions Their task is to “pull out” “excess” fluid from the edematous nasal mucosa, reduce swelling, and also thin thick snot and “take away” the contents of the inflamed paranasal sinuses. The drugs can cause discomfort when instilled (“burn”, “bake”), but are very effective. Apply no more than 3 days. Contraindicated for infants up to 3 months, but pregnant and lactating women can use them.

Vasoconstrictor drugs

These drops and sprays are used both for allergic rhinitis and for colds. They narrow the vessels of the nasopharynx, as a result of which the edema disappears and nasal breathing resumes. With an infectious rhinitis, their use is justified: when swelling is removed from the nasopharynx, reduced pressure will not be created in the tympanic cavity, so the inflammatory and full of microbes liquid will not diffuse into the structures of the middle ear.

Useful decongestants (the so-called vasoconstrictor drugs for the nose) and for the prevention and treatment of sinusitis (sinusitis, frontal sinusitis). In this case, they relieve swelling from the fistula (message) between the nasal cavity and the sinus, as a result, the contents of the sinus do not stagnate, presenting a danger in terms of the development of complications, but exit into the nose.

Decongestants allow a person to breathe easier through the nose, especially during meals, hear better (even in the presence of otitis media), normalize sleep and voice. At the same time, they inhibit the movement of cell processes (cilia) that form the nasal mucosa. When used for more than 5 days, the cilia completely “paralyzes” (this is a temporary effect), so you should not use such drops for longer. You can save a little cilia by using decongestants along with saline (Rinomaris, Rinotaiss).

Decongestants “work” through adrenaline receptors located on the cells of the vessels of the nasal mucosa. They give a "command" similar to that which "gives out" adrenaline - to narrow the blood vessels. The blood stops filling the vessels - the swelling subsides for a while, the production of nasal mucus decreases. This feature is also used to stop nosebleeds.

Adrenaline receptors are not only on the vessels of the nasal cavity - they are on many cells, including the cells of the heart, bronchi, prostate, bladder and pregnant uterus. Possible side effects associated with an overdose of any drug are associated with this: an increase in blood pressure, a significant decrease in heart rate, loss of consciousness, and a decrease in temperature. Due to the ability to contract the uterus, decongestants are not used during pregnancy.

Decongestants also have this feature: if the active substance constantly circulates in the blood, the receptors stop responding to it, and in order to achieve the effect, the dose will have to be increased, which will inevitably lead to the development of unwanted symptoms. Therefore, vasoconstrictor drops are not used for longer than 5, in extreme cases, 7 days. If it is necessary to maintain the effect, the ENT doctor may prescribe a drug with another main active ingredient.

Drops from a runny nose and nasal congestion are divided depending on their active substance. Some foundations of funds are only 3-4 hours, while the action of others is designed for 8-10, and even 12 hours. Unless otherwise indicated, short-acting formulations are best used during the day, while longer-acting drops and sprays are best left overnight.

Please note: children's nasal drops from the common cold contain 0.025-0.5%, for adults a concentration of 0.5% is used (in the case of oxymetazoline), 0.1% (for other active ingredients). For children up to a year, and preferably up to 6 years, use only forms in the form of drops.

Cheap drops in the nose from a cold are:

• Xylometazoline-Solopharma;
• Xylene;
• Galazolin;
• Rinostop;
• Naphthyzin;
• Nesopin.

Hormonal sprays

These drugs based on glucocorticoids - hormones, analogues of which are produced in the human adrenal glands - have a pronounced anti-inflammatory, anti-edematous and anti-allergic activity. They are not first aid preparations, starting to act 3-4 hours after instillation. Maximum activity begins in a day.

Removing swelling, drops with glucocorticoids improve nasal breathing, prevent the development of sinusitis or, if it has already developed, reduce its manifestations. Due to the fact that they depress local immunity, thin the nasal mucosa, and can lead to an increase in intraocular pressure, this type of drug is prescribed only by an ENT doctor.

Depending on the main active ingredient, there are such hormonal sprays (they are presented in decreasing order of their local activity):

Sprays to thin thick nasal discharge

Rinofluimucil

For both adults and children with a runny nose, accompanied by the release of thick snot (usually this occurs on the 5th day of the disease or later), Rinofluimucil is prescribed - a drug containing acetylcysteine ​​\u200b\u200bthinner mucus and tuaminoheptane sulfate that relieves swelling.
Indications: rhinitis with profuse mucopurulent discharge, chronic rhinitis, sinusitis, vasomotor rhinitis.
Application:

• adults - 2 doses of aerosol in each nasal passage 3-4 times a day;
• children from 3 years - 1 dose 3-4 times a day.

Contraindications: Hypersensitivity, angle-closure glaucoma, increased thyroid function, treatment with antidepressants-MAO inhibitors.
Its price is 230-300 rubles.

Drops with antiseptics

If the runny nose is bacterial in nature, that is, yellow snot is released from the nose almost from the first day of the disease, the ENT doctor prescribes drops with antiseptics. Antiseptics are substances that destroy bacteria, which also have the ability to slow down the vital activity of fungi and viruses. These are not antibiotics to which bacteria can develop resistance: microbial enzymes have not learned to adapt to the composition of antiseptics.

Such drugs are prescribed only by an ENT doctor. Allocate such drops with antiseptics:

Antiviral topical drugs

These are sprays and drops based on interferon-alpha1 - an antiviral substance that human leukocytes produce when a virus enters the body - to destroy it.

Drops with antibiotics

They are prescribed for purulent processes localized in the nasal cavity or sinuses.

Combined drugs

Drops and sprays of this type contain a vasoconstrictor in combination with either an antihistamine, or a glucocorticoid, or an antibacterial drug.

The last 2 drugs are also classified as softening drops (due to the essential oils in the composition). They are prescribed for the prevention and complex treatment of otitis media that has arisen as a complication of SARS.

Drops that will thicken abundant liquid snot

If the snot remains plentiful and liquid, despite the ongoing etiotropic (that is, aimed at treating the cause) therapy, the doctor may prescribe drops with tannin, an astringent of plant origin. Such drugs are prepared in the prescription departments of pharmacies according to prescriptions issued by a doctor. The doctor selects the composition of the drops depending on the individual situation.

Homeopathic preparations

Anti-inflammatory, local irritant

Drops and sprays with immunomodulating effect

Antihistamine drops

They are used for rhinitis with a pronounced allergic component.

What to use for children

A list of nose drops for a runny nose for your child will be written by a pediatrician or pediatric ENT doctor - based on the examination and their own experience in this regard. It usually includes:

1. Washing with saline solutions, mostly not hypertonic, but isotonic: Aqua-Maris, Humer 150 cost, Physiomer, Aqualor, Marimer or others.
2. Vasoconstrictors: Nazol-baby, Nazol-Kids, Nazivin of appropriate concentration.
3. If the allergic component is strong, after 2-3 days the preparations of the previous group are changed to combined agents (Vibrocil, Pinosol).
4. With severe edema, Avamys or other hormonal sprays are added in a short course.
5. Bacterial rhinitis is treated with antiseptic (Okomistin, Protargol) and antibacterial (Isofra, Polydex) agents.
6. So that the viral infection does not “knock down” the child, Grippferon or other interferon preparations are used from the first day of the viral rhinitis.
7. Also, from the first day of the disease, Euphorbium compositum and other homeopathic drops help well.
8. If the child is often sick, it makes sense to use IRS-19 or Derinat. But a doctor must prescribe them.

Dear friends, hello!

When you do the same thing for many years, you do some things automatically. You know the active ingredients, dosages, forms of release, but some subtleties of the action of drugs are erased from memory. And sometimes there is simply not enough time to get into the annotation and refresh the nuances.

The period of sneezes and snot is just beginning, so I want to continue the conversation about and invite you to, dedicated to drugs for the common cold. How to choose the right remedy for each "wrong" nose?

I have already said that a runny nose is different. Therefore, when I hear that with a cold, without any questions, a vasoconstrictor is offered to the buyer, my heart bleeds.

So, let's remember what remedies for the common cold are presented in the assortment of pharmacies. They can be divided into groups:

• Vasoconstrictor.
• Mucolytics.
• Moisturizing.
• Vegetable.
• Homeopathic.
• Antibacterial.
• Antiallergic.

Vasoconstrictor drops

Short acting drugs. Act on average 3-6 hours.

Intermediate-acting drugs. After them, the nose breathes for an average of 6-8 hours.

Long acting drugs. Their action lasts 10-12 hours.

All these vasoconstrictor drops act on the alpha receptors of the vessels of the nasal mucosa and cause their narrowing.

But the receptors are also different. There are alpha1 and alpha2 receptors.

Of all the above, only phenylephrine acts on one type of receptor: alpha1. All the rest are both types.

What's better?

On the one hand, the action on both types of receptors gives a more pronounced effect. It seems to be good.

On the other hand, have you ever wondered why phenylephrine is included in many children's drops?

Because the action on only one type of receptor more safely for the nasal mucosa. Fewer vessels narrow, which means less oxygen starvation of the cells of the nasal mucosa.

Phenylephrine is less effective than other active ingredients, but safer.

Why is it necessary to constrict the vessels in the nose?

Because with colds, the vessels of the nasal cavity are dilated, while the liquid part of the blood leaves the vessels and causes swelling of the nasal mucosa.

The swelling narrows the nasal passages and the person is unable to breathe.

How to help the nose?

Narrow the vessels, reduce swelling, "clear" the passages for the air stream.

When the nose is not breathing!

Therefore, ask the buyer how a runny nose manifests itself. If the nose “flows”, completely different drugs can and should be recommended.

Remember...

That under the action of the above funds, the vessels are narrowed not only in the nose. It is no coincidence that they are contraindicated in atherosclerosis, arrhythmias, thyrotoxicosis, glaucoma. And there are a lot of side effects: tachycardia, increased pressure, dizziness, etc., etc.

Therefore, be especially careful when recommending these products to the elderly.

Beware when they ask you for drugs and at the same time vasoconstrictor drops in the nose.

Explain to your customers what this is fraught with.

Some manufacturers with foam at the mouth prove that these agents do not have a systemic effect. In this case, please explain to me why this deadly list of contraindications and side items for 10 flaunts in their annotations?

Warn...

The buyer that dripping a vasoconstrictor drug from a cold can be no more than 5 days.

You get used to it very quickly.

I remember my dad, who at one time firmly, for the rest of his life, got hooked on ephedrine. Who is older, probably remembers that there used to be such drops in the nose.

Explain...

That the use of vasoconstrictors for more than 5 days leads to the fact that it is no longer possible to “get off” from these drugs.

I know for myself. Somehow I bought the most modern vasoconstrictor spray, sprayed for a week. And that's it! The nose refused to breathe without this poison categorically!

Why is the nose constantly stuffy after these drugs for the common cold?

Because the constant narrowing of blood vessels leads to oxygen starvation of the cells of the nose. Without food, they atrophy. But a holy place is never empty. Mucous tissue is replaced by connective tissue. That is why, after vasoconstrictors, atrophic and hypertrophic rhinitis occurs, in which the nose stops working normally.

To reduce the harmful effects of vasoconstrictor drugs, manufacturers combine active ingredients with other substances, such as eucalyptus oil ( Sanorin with eucalyptus oil), moisturizing component ( Snoop), etc. This, of course, saves, but not much.

Not! Because they cause vasospasm of the placenta, and consequently, oxygen starvation of the fetus.

But when a woman cannot live without them, we choose the lesser evil, that is, children's dosages.

Mucolytics

These include Rinofluimucil. Contains mucolytic acetylcysteine ​​and a vasoconstrictor component.

Its task is to thin the mucus and facilitate its excretion.

With thick discharge from the nose (rhinitis, sinusitis).

It has the same side effects as vasoconstrictors. So be careful when recommending!

Moisturizers

As a rule, these funds are made on the basis of sea water ( Physiomer, Aqua Maris, and etc.). They moisturize the mucosa, thin the mucus, and it is easier to remove. Sea water mechanically cleanses the nasal cavity from viruses, bacteria, allergens, reduces swelling due to the salt content.

For any cold.

By the way, before dripping a vasoconstrictor, you need to clear the nasal cavity of mucus, crusts, so that it "gets" to its destination.

Therefore, do not forget to recommend a moisturizer along with a vasoconstrictor.

Herbal preparations

These drugs have undeservedly received a reputation as "non-working", although in fact they are the most curative.

good old Pinosol. It got its name from the Latin "Pinus", which means "pine", because it contains pine oil.

And a few vegetable oils of medicinal herbs that relieve inflammation of the nasal mucosa, restore it, have a mild vasoconstrictor effect, and at the same time they also act on bacteria viruses.

And for those who do not like drops, you can offer an ointment or cream Pinosol.

With a "cold" runny nose, when there are other signs of SARS.

With a runny nose that accompanies sinusitis, another herbal preparation is recommended for oral administration. Sinupret. It relieves inflammation and improves the outflow of secretions from the paranasal sinuses. It is recommended when the discharge from the nose is thick, often yellowish-greenish in color (a sign of a bacterial infection).

Homeopathic preparations

The most common in this group are Euphorbium compositum And Edas-131.

It is too medicinal drops. They can be used for a long time, because. they act not through vasoconstriction, but through the restoration of the mechanism of self-regulation of the nasal mucosa.

Read more about homeopathy.

• When asked for something "natural" or something that CURES a runny nose.
• When there is intolerance to other local remedies for the common cold or contraindications to them.

Antibacterial agents

They contain an antibacterial substance in their composition, and already from the name it is clear that they act on bacteria!

This group includes Bactroban ( nasal ointment) Isofra, Polydex with phenylephrine.

They are prescription, so no need to recommend them yourself.

When are they appointed?

With bacterial rhinitis, which can be recognized by thick yellowish-green discharge from the nose.

On the antiallergic nose drops I won't stop today.

We're talking about colds.

But sometimes allergic rhinitis happens year-round, so you should know the difference between allergic rhinitis and a cold.

Allergic rhinitis:

1. May be intermittent, but appear at times after contact with the allergen.
2. Allocations are abundant, transparent, like "water".
3. The person sneezes frequently and repeatedly.
4. Nose stuffed up, mostly at night.
5. Eyes often itch, they are red and watery

When you hear this, suggest antiallergic drugs topically and by mouth. And do not forget about sea water in order to mechanically remove allergens from the mucosa.

Well. To summarize:

When you are asked for a remedy for a cold, ask the visitor questions:

1. What kind of runny nose do you have: is your nose running or stuffy?

2. Is your nasal discharge thick?

3. What color? White? Yellowish green?

4. What else, besides a runny nose, bothers you?

If the nose is blocked Recommend vasoconstrictor (only with congestion) + moisturizing. It is good to alternate them with herbal or homeopathic ones. The first facilitate breathing, the second cleanse the nose, the third relieve inflammation, restore the mucous membrane, and act on the pathogen.

If your nose is dripping or running + there are others. cold symptoms – moisturizing and natural.

If "water" flows from the nose + yes allergy symptoms – moisturizing and antiallergic.

If nasal discharge is thick – moisturizers and mucolytics.

If the discharge is yellow-green – antibacterial.

That's all for today.

If you have something to add, write in the comments.

With love to you, Marina Kuznetsova

If you treat a runny nose, then it goes away in 7 days. If a runny nose is not treated, it goes away within a week. Everyone heard it. But such an opinion is erroneous. Many let the situation take its course, but a runny nose needs to be treated. Sleepless nights, lack of appetite, headache, sneezing, dryness and sensitivity of the nasal mucosa are the most harmless manifestations of acute rhinitis. In the absence of treatment, complications are possible: otitis media, sinusitis, frontal sinusitis and the transition of the common cold into a chronic form.

Most often, the appearance of a runny nose is promoted by viruses, bacteria, hypothermia. Itching in the nasopharynx, frequent sneezing, headache - when these symptoms appear, treatment should be started as soon as possible.

Combined drugs

They contain several components. The drops may include an antibiotic. They are intended for the treatment of rhinitis of a bacterial nature. The drug "Polydex" contains an antibiotic that quickly heals the infection. There is also an anti-allergic component - dexamethasone. It relieves swelling of the mucosa. When choosing the best remedy for a cold, it is worth considering this medicine.

Some drops, in addition to the vasoconstrictor component, contain an anti-allergic substance. They help with the preparations "Vibrocil", "Sanorin-analergin" well relieve swelling of the nose with allergies. "Vibrocil" in drops can be used for children from 1 year old. In addition, you can use this remedy for a cold during pregnancy.

Many drops contain a vasoconstrictor and sea water. They prevent dryness and relieve swelling. The drug "Snoop" in the adult and children's form of release softens the mucous well and eliminates nasal congestion.

Antibacterial drugs

Preparations such as Bioparox, Isofra contain powerful antibiotics. They are prescribed by a doctor. With sinusitis, frontal sinusitis and prolonged rhinitis, this is the most effective remedy for the common cold. With the onset of the disease, the use of these drugs is unjustified. The advantage of these funds is that they are not absorbed into the blood. Therefore, the side effects inherent in antibiotics are not characteristic of them.

Homeopathy

The good thing is that they have no side effects. They act with a cold at any stage. The main rule of homeopathy says: "You must not deviate from the instructions." If you skip the time of instillation and do not observe the multiplicity, homeopathy will not help. The preparations "Edas-131", "Delufen", "Euphorbium-compositum" will relieve swelling of the nasal mucosa, have an anti-inflammatory effect, and increase immunity. Safe and effective drops are suitable for adults and children. In complex therapy, recovery is significantly accelerated. Treated with homeopathy for a long time. It has a cumulative effect and does not heal on the first day.

Nebulizer - a modern solution for the treatment of the common cold

Using a nebulizer with a cold is very convenient. This is an ultrasonic device with which inhalations are carried out.

Treatment of a runny nose with a nebulizer cannot be compared with the use of pills and tablets that travel a long way through the body until they reach the diseased organ. Such drugs, unlike inhalers, often leave an unfavorable mark in the form of a variety of side effects.

Folk remedies

Runny nose is the most common disease. Many people get sick of them. A runny nose can appear several times a year. Therefore, many folk recipes have been invented. Here are examples of some of them:

1. Fir and eucalyptus oil. A few drops of essential oil are dripped into vegetable oil (about 25 ml). Drip in the nose in the morning and at night. Such a mixture instantly facilitates breathing, has a bactericidal effect, softens the mucous membrane and relieves swelling.

2. Beetroot juice relieves inflammation and swelling. Drip it several times a day or make tampons (for 10 minutes). A weak solution of beetroot juice can be dripped to babies for a cold.

3. Honey drops. Dilute honey with water in equal proportions. Slightly heated and dripped up to 6 times a day. Do not use if you are allergic to this product. Honey is a strong antibacterial and anti-inflammatory agent.

4. Aloe juice boosts immunity and reduces inflammation. Can be dripped in pure form. Can be diluted with vegetable oil.

5. Kalanchoe juice is an irritant. When it is instilled, an intensive separation of mucus begins, swelling quickly passes and inflammation is removed.

Washing the nose at home

In the hospital, in the ENT departments, there is a special device for washing the nose. It creates pressure and flushes the nose with the drug, flushing out pus and mucus. A similar procedure can be carried out at home. Washing the nose brings relief to the patient and helps to cure a runny nose. The drug solution is collected in a container and inhaled through the nose, spit out the solution through the mouth. The procedure is carried out in the morning and at night.

How to prepare a solution

• In one glass of slightly salty water, pour a teaspoon of tincture of eucalyptus or calendula. The solution has antiseptic, anti-inflammatory and bactericidal action.
• 2 filter bags of chamomile or sage are brewed with a glass of boiling water. When the solution becomes slightly warm, rinse the nose. The solution has a strong anti-inflammatory effect.
• 3 drops of iodine in a glass of warm water. The bactericidal and anti-inflammatory properties of iodine treat the common cold well. Not recommended for purulent sinusitis.
• You can rinse your nose with a simple saline solution. This procedure thins the mucus and relieves swelling from the nasal mucosa.

After washing, all drugs will be better absorbed. The effect of vasoconstrictor, combined and homeopathic drops increases several times.

From the common cold, infusions of herbs that are drunk inside help. You can mix raspberries, oregano grass, birch leaf and coltsfoot. Brew the mixture and drink several times a day. Linden flowers and chamomile help with a runny nose. Herbs will help cure runny nose and colds. Rosehip and mountain ash will increase immunity and speed up recovery.

Treatment of any disease should begin with a consultation with a specialist. Not all patients can use drops. Vasoconstrictor drugs are contraindicated for many people. With sinusitis, therapy without antibiotics is most often ineffective. Drops may not help people with a deviated septum. All these nuances are taken into account by the doctor.

A prolonged runny nose can give many serious complications. Inadequate therapy can make the disease chronic. Runny nose is a disease that should be treated. We have presented you many options for his therapy. It is up to you to choose the most effective remedy for a cold, and it is better to do this after consulting a doctor.

Acute nasopharyngitis (runny nose) is an inflammatory process that affects the mucous membrane of the nasopharynx, accompanied by nasal congestion, sneezing and the formation of nasal mucus.

This is a disease that is bacterial (exposure to staphylococci, streptococci, pneumococci, diplococci), viral (exposure to rhinoviruses) or allergic nature. Effective drops from the common cold can eliminate nasal congestion, make breathing easier and improve the patient's overall well-being.

In order to pick up good drops from the common cold, the doctor takes into account the nature of its origin, the age of the patient, the presence of concomitant symptoms.

Drops are used in the course of complex therapy along with heavy drinking, physiotherapy and other groups of drugs.

The lack of timely, high-quality treatment is fraught with the development of complications in the form of the transformation of the pathological process into a chronic form, as well as otitis, laryngitis, tracheitis, bronchitis, pneumonia.

Depending on the indications for use, the classification of nasal drops is carried out as follows:

• The use of vasoconstrictor drops is advisable for nasal breathing difficulties.
• Antiviral drugs are prescribed for acute nasopharyngitis of viral origin.
• The action of mucolytic drops dilutes the thick, viscous snot that forms during a runny nose of bacterial origin.
• Hormonal preparations are used in the course of complex therapy of rhinitis of allergic origin.
• Antibacterial drops are prescribed in the presence of bacterial infections and persistence of symptoms for 5 days or longer. In this case, the use of Isofra, Polydex, Bioparox may be recommended.

Saline solutions are used as an addition to other drops and sprays in order to enhance their therapeutic effect and have a softening effect on the mucous membranes.

Vasoconstrictor drops

The action of vasoconstrictor drops is due to their ability to influence the area of ​​​​special adrenaline receptors localized in the mucous membranes of the nose. In this case, there is a narrowing of blood vessels, a decrease in congestion and easier breathing.

Vasoconstrictor drops are intended for symptomatic treatment:

• Acute nasopharyngitis (runny nose).
• Acute and chronic sinusitis.
• Chronic rhinitis.
• Hay fever.
• To eliminate edema during diagnostic or therapeutic measures.

On the modern pharmaceutical market, a large number of products with the same active ingredient are presented: these can be inexpensive drops from the common cold, and more expensive analogues. To eliminate nasal congestion, the doctor may recommend the following drugs:

Treatment of a runny nose with vasoconstrictor drops implies strict adherence to the recommendations of the attending physician and the manufacturer regarding the dosage regimen and duration of use of the medication. The duration of therapy should be no more than 1 week-10 days. Otherwise, the patient may develop addiction to the active substance of the drug.

Side effects, contraindications

This group of drops from the common cold is quickly addictive. Among the main contraindications are:

• Individual intolerance to the active or excipients of the drug.
• Glaucoma.
• Hypertension.
• Development of atrophic rhinitis.
• Hyperthyroidism.
• The impact of severe atherosclerosis.

The most commonly reported adverse reactions in the form of allergies, heart rhythm disturbances, headache, dryness and irritation of the mucous membranes, increased heart rate, increased blood pressure.

Saline solutions

The use of saline solutions contributes to the provision of anti-inflammatory and anti-edema effect. Such funds are successfully used along with other nasal drops and sprays, they have the following pharmacological effects:

• Maintain the normal physiological state of the mucous membranes of the nose.
• Liquefies snot and speeds up the process of their removal.
• Strengthen the protective functions of the mucous membrane to infections of viral and bacterial origin.
• With the development of allergic rhinitis, allergens are removed from the nasal passages.

Pharmaceuticals are:

• Aqua Maris;
• Physiomer;
• Marimer;
• Salin.

The drugs are used in the complex treatment of acute and chronic diseases of the nose, to prevent the development of vasomotor and allergic rhinitis, as well as inflammatory processes after surgery.

Sea water is widely used for daily hygiene of the nasal cavity, as well as to maintain the protective effect of the mucous membrane when in a room with dry or polluted air. This remedy is well tolerated. But in a number of cases, the development of allergic reactions has been reported.

Mucolytics

Effective drops for a runny nose with viscous, thick snot. They contribute to the thinning of nasal mucus and at the same time have a vasoconstrictive effect.

The action of the drug is due to the activity of the active ingredients:

1. Thanks to acetylcysteine, there is a rapid liquefaction of purulent and mucous secretions.
2. Tuaminoheptane has a vasoconstrictive effect.

Adults are advised to inject the medicine into the nasal cavity and spray 2 doses up to 4 times a day. When treating with Rinofluimucil, it is recommended to refrain from the simultaneous use of MAO inhibitors, tricyclic antidepressants, antihypertensive drops.

Special care is required in the treatment of children under 2 years of age, as well as patients with a history of bronchial asthma, arterial hypertension, extrasystole.

Antiviral drops

Healing nasal drops with antiviral action contain interferon as an active ingredient. Their use also contributes to the provision of immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects. This group of medicines is designed to prevent the development of SARS and influenza in adults and children.

The drugs of choice may be:

• Grippferon.
• Ingaron.
• Nazoferon.

These drugs have a minimal set of side effects and are widely used in the treatment of pregnant and lactating women. Contraindications include hypersensitivity reactions and severe allergies.

Derinat is a product based on sodium deoxyribonucleate. The medicine is used for severe influenza and SARS, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, as well as for allergic rhinitis, bronchial asthma, hay fever. It is recommended to refrain from simultaneous use with vasoconstrictor drugs.

Antiseptics

These drops are used to treat the common cold of bacterial etiology. Means of this group delay the development of microorganisms and disinfect the mucous membranes, provoking the death of microbes.

Specific drugs are prescribed according to the results of the diagnosis and depending on the type of pathogen. Self-selection and admission is unacceptable, and is dangerous for the loss of time and the transition of the disease to a chronic form.

The most common ones are:

1. Protargol, Kollargol- preparations based on colloidal silver, which has an antibacterial, astringent, anti-inflammatory effect.
2. Miramistin is an antiseptic with a wide spectrum of antimicrobial activity.

Antibacterial nasal drops can be used in conjunction with other types of drops, only on the advice and prescription of a doctor.

Phytopreparations

This group of drugs is presented in the form of drops based on plants and essential oils. Such drugs have anti-inflammatory and antiseptic effects, but without a vasoconstrictor effect.

For greater effectiveness, herbal remedies can be used in conjunction with saline solutions, as well as antibacterial drugs.

Hormonal drops

Hormonal nasal drops are effective in chronic rhinitis of allergic origin.

The doctor may prescribe:

• Nasonex is a drug based on mometasone furoate with anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic effects. The active ingredient is a synthetic corticosteroid that acts locally and does not cause systemic side effects. On the background of the use of Nasonex, nosebleeds may occur.
• Flixonase is a remedy from the group of corticosteroids, which is indicated for the prevention and treatment of seasonal and year-round allergic rhinitis. It is recommended to use the medicine once a day, preferably in the morning.
• Baconase - recommended for use 2 to 4 times a day. Immediately after injection of the drug, repeated sneezing may develop.

Combined funds

The action of this group of drugs is aimed at eliminating several manifestations of the common cold at once, the active substances mutually reinforce each other's therapeutic effect.

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