Construction of country houses from wood concrete. Wood concrete house: the pros and cons of building wood concrete blocks. Wood concrete house is the best composition of wood and concrete

New, and in this case, forgotten old, wood concrete returns to the building materials market. As practice has shown, building a house from wood concrete blocks with your own hands is a good prospect to build a strong, warm and reliable private house.

The disadvantages of brick and concrete walls are known to all, wooden houses not everyone can afford. An alternative to the above is wood concrete. Having in its composition 80-90% of wood chips, combined with a cement binder and modified with chemical additives, wood concrete eliminates the shortcomings and enhances the advantages of wood and concrete.

Wood concrete was created and tested back in the middle of the last century, and its production is regulated by GOST 19222-84.

Technologies for the construction of private houses from wood concrete

A house can be built in two ways:

1. Construction from wood concrete blocks. In this case, manufactured industrial way ready-made blocks of wood concrete;

Often a decision is made to make wood concrete with your own hands. Before starting work, it is important to make sure that the blocks have gained the strength and hardness necessary for work.

2. Monolithic construction from wood concrete. The use of this technology provides for the formation of a non-removable formwork, followed by pouring arbolite mortar into it.

To build a house from a monolithic wood concrete, you need to study the technology of building monolithic walls. The remaining stages will be identical to block construction.

In this article, we will focus on detailed description first option.

How to build a house from wood concrete blocks with your own hands

The main stages of work in the form of successive steps from A to Z.

Stage 1. Designing houses from wood concrete

The development of the project precedes the start of work due to the need for its coordination and approval by the licensing authorities. In addition to the house plan itself, the cottage project contains information about the materials used, places and methods of connecting to communications, electrical and gas supplies, the type of foundation, etc. The project makes it possible to further calculate the amount of material and the load it creates.

For your information, the project of a house made of wood concrete is no different from the project of a house made of foam concrete, and therefore a typical project can be used, taking into account the absence of reinforcing belts necessary for foam blocks.

Stage 2. The choice of material for construction

Before starting construction work, you need to make sure that the choice of wall material is correct.

Arbolite, of course, has a number of advantages. But! Only if it is of high quality and used for its intended purpose.

You should know that wood concrete is used in the construction of buildings with a height not exceeding 7 meters. (height of a self-supporting wall). This makes it attractive when building a 2-3-storey private house or a cottage with an attic. In combination with columns or other structural elements (supporting pillars) that take on part of the load, more storey construction is also allowed.

Which wood concrete is suitable for building a house

To purchase a quality unit, professionals advise to pay attention to the determining factors:

• price. Handicraft wood concrete is much cheaper;

• fullness and uniformity of the block. Chips should be more or less the same fraction, tightly packed. The looseness of the block indicates its low compressive and bending strength;

Note: the use of sawdust increases the thermal conductivity of the block. Large chips are not completely saturated. As a result, the adhesion of wood to cement is broken and the block loses its strength.

• block geometry. GOST allowed deviation from the specified size not exceeding 5-7 mm. The use of a special weight in the manufacturing process allows you to reduce deviations to zero.

Note: uneven blocks are fraught with increased consumption masonry mortar by 40%, makes it inexpedient to use special adhesive mixtures, increases the consumption of plaster during finishing, increases the complexity and duration of work.

• color and impurities. Inclusions of impurities or color differences within the block indicate a violation of the manufacturing and drying processes.

• certificates, which will indicate: the quality of cement, the full chemical composition, test results.

Stage 3. The device of the foundation for the house of wood concrete

A distinctive feature of wood concrete is a good indicator of bending strength, regardless of the purpose of the block. This gives the block the ability to recover from stress. In practice, this removes restrictions when choosing the type of foundation, which is an integral part of any structure. To a large extent, it is the quality of the foundation that determines the life of the house.

What is the best foundation for a wood concrete house?

In practice, any can be used. Most often it is tape or combined.

Foundation technology for an arbolite house:

1. marking under the foundation;
2. removal of the soil layer to the required depth;
3. arrangement of sand and gravel cushion;
4. tamping (recommended with watering to achieve greater density);
5. formwork installation;
6. reinforcement;
7. foundation pouring.
8. foundation tape waterproofing;
9. backfilling of sand inside the squares formed by the foundation tape, followed by tamping;
10. complete waterproofing of the foundation.

Note: in the process of pouring, the channels provided for by the project are left for further laying communications.

Before starting work, you need to determine the size of the foundation.

• laying depth. Depends on soil type, distance to ground water, number of storeys of the building. The dependence of parameters on the type of soil is shown in the table;

• foundation thickness. Depends on the total (static and dynamic) load on it.

When calculating the static load, you need to take into account:

• materials used in construction (their weight and quantity);
• the presence of a base;
• wall material;
• material and number of floors;
• used roofing material;
• the presence of insulation and its type;
• number of windows and doors. The total weight of the elements of the warm contour. When calculating the weight of doors, you need to remember that entrance doors usually made of metal, which affects the load they create;
• facade cladding material;
• materials for interior decoration;
• floor covering and type of flooring.
• estimated furniture weight (195 kg/sq. m. according to SNiP 2.01.07-85).

In addition, the dynamic load is taken into account:

• snow load in the region (see map). For example: the annual snow load for Moscow is 180 kg/sq.m. (according to SNiP 2.01.07-85). By multiplying this number by the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe roof, we get the total load. The calculations take into account the configuration of the roof and the result must be multiplied by the coefficient M (0.94).

• wind load is calculated by the formula = House area * (15 x House height + 40);

• soil resistance to pressure exerted on it (according to SNiP 2.02.01-83). According to this standard, the resistance must exceed the pressure on it by 30%. The pressure of a building is calculated by dividing the weight of the building by the area of ​​the base of the foundation (sole).

Note: if the type of soil is not defined, the minimum resistance value is used for calculations.

Stage 4. The construction of the basement of the house from wood concrete

The plinth will allow to protect the wood concrete block from the influence of water to a greater extent. The recommended height of the plinth is 500-600 mm (depending on the level of precipitation in the region and the availability drainage system around the house). The plinth is made of brick or concrete.

Stage 5 Construction of walls from wood concrete

We note right away that the construction of wood concrete walls is remarkable in that it is advisable to use a cement-sand mortar. The choice is due to the uneven geometry of the block, which makes it economically unprofitable to use special adhesive mortars used for laying cellular concrete, such as Ceresit CT 21. Increased consumption of the adhesive mixture will increase the budget for building a house.

The consumption of cement-sand mortar is 1 m3 per 8-10 m3 of wood concrete blocks. The value is approximate, because the geometry of the blocks is not constant, the discrepancy can be from 5 mm to 1.5 cm in width-height.

What to put wood concrete blocks on?

An alternative to the classic solution can be:

1. Perlite mortar for laying wood concrete. Its feature is the ability to increase the thermal insulation of the masonry. How to make a perlite mortar: perlite is added to the classic mortar (cement, sand, water). The ratio is 1 part cement = 3 parts perlite.

Note. Perlite is volatile, which means you need to work with it in the absence of wind.

2. Sawdust concrete mortar. Recipe: 3 parts of sawdust are filled with a solution of aluminum sulfate (15-25.00 rubles / kg.) Or calcium chloride (28-30 rubles / kg.). When stirring, the sugars contained in the sawdust are neutralized. Then 1 part of cement is added.

The heat-insulating masonry mortar with perlite LM 21-P has good reviews. The Quick-mix mix has a water-retaining capacity, so the blocks do not need to be moistened separately. Supplied in bags of 17.5 kg, as a dry powder. The solution is easily mixed with water (mix for at least 5 minutes) manually or with a mixer (mixer). Ready solution to use in 1-2 hours.

Masonry walls from wood concrete blocks

The technology of laying wood concrete is identical to laying a brick or foam concrete wall, except that wood concrete strongly absorbs moisture from the solution, which means that the blocks need to be moistened before starting work.

1. Laying the first row of wood concrete blocks

The masonry starts from the corner and is laid out in rows, periodically checking the degree of deviation with a level. The blocks are easy to process, so there will be no difficulty in adjusting the size.

The width of the seam depends on the geometry of the block and is 10-30 mm.

The solution is applied to the block of the previous row along the edges of the block. Thus, an air thermal break is obtained, which compensates for the high thermal conductivity of the masonry mortar.

On the construction forum, according to reviews, many users use additional way insulation of masonry, using gaskets in the seams of polystyrene foam tape, wooden lath, etc. The gasket creates a gap in the mortar joint and thereby eliminates the appearance of cold bridges. As far as it is expedient, everyone decides for himself.

The material was prepared for the site www.site

The optimal thickness of wood concrete walls is 30 cm, for houses from two floors - 40 cm. A simple rule applies - the thicker the wall, the warmer. A arbolite wall thickness of 20 cm is possible if brick cladding or additional insulation is provided from the inside and outside. How thick the wall should be depends on which region the house is in, how it will be heated and what is the budget for construction.

2. Reinforcement of walls from wood concrete

Masters are advised to stiffen the wall of wood concrete by reinforcing it. To reinforce the wood concrete, a polymer (plastic) mesh or metal rods treated with anti-corrosion compounds (for example, UR-108 enamel) are used. Thus, the corners of the building, the junction of walls, window and door openings are strengthened. Unlike aerated concrete and foam concrete, there is no mandatory requirement for masonry reinforcement, but many users reinforce every 3-4 rows of masonry.

3. Laying wood concrete (dressing)

Arbolite blocks are stacked in a checkerboard pattern (masonry with dressing). This is necessary for reliable adhesion. No more than 3 rows are laid out along the perimeter. Then there is a break for a day. During this time, the solution will dry and you can continue to work. That is why often the outer walls are built together with the inner ones.

Advice. Adding additives to the mortar that increase the rate of curing of cement will increase the speed of work.

Well proven accelerator "Shuttle" provides a set of strength in 12 hours (consumption of 3 liters per 100 kg of cement, price 75 rubles / 100 g) and "Virtuoso Start" which also contains an anti-shrink agent. Provides a set of strength of 50% in 3 hours (consumption 1 liter per 100 kg of cement, price 80 rubles / 100 g).

4. Lintels over window and door openings

The photo shows step by step how to make a jumper over a window and over a door in a wood concrete house. Two options for overlapping openings.

Installation of jumpers from a metal corner

(the edges of the corner are immured into the walls, blocks are installed inside)

Installation of a jumper from a channel

(a groove was cut in the arbolite blocks for inserting a channel)

5. The device of the armo-belt under the ceiling in the house of wood concrete

After erecting the wall, before laying the floor (interfloor or attic) on the wall of wood concrete, a concrete (monolithic) reinforcing belt must be poured. Its arrangement will give the wall strength, allow you to more evenly distribute the load and securely fix the Mauerlat.

How to make an armored belt on wood concrete:

• one outer row is laid out in half a block (you can purchase a narrow block or cut a wall block). This will be the outer part of the formwork;

• formwork is installed from the inside edged board, plywood or a narrow wood concrete block is also used;

• processed reinforcement is placed in the resulting recess (diameter 10 mm, in 6 rows) and poured with concrete (the brand of concrete is the same as that used for the foundation).

For the manufacture of an armored belt, it is convenient to use a special U-shaped block (tray U-arboblock).

6. Installation of the floor of the house from wood concrete

A monolithic reinforced concrete slab, wooden or metal beams can be used as a flooring material.

Advice. Manufacturers of wood concrete blocks recommend producing. For this, it is not necessary to pour a concrete belt. After all, the ability of wood concrete to "pull" moisture from concrete is not in the best way affects the quality of the filling. Additional additives will be required. It is also advisable to use wooden floors for door and window openings. The masters fully agree with them and recommend using a wooden beam as a strapping for the perimeter of the wall under the floor.

Fastening the Mauerlat to the wood concrete is carried out with the obligatory laying of a waterproofing layer.

7. Line of communications in the house from wood concrete

Laying communication systems does not create difficulties. Any holes are easily made in wood concrete blocks, so there is no need to immediately lay additional channels for sewerage, pipes, heating, etc.

Some use a hollow block, placing it on edge.

Stage 6 Building a roof for a house from wood concrete

Can be installed on wood concrete walls truss system any configuration. Choice roofing material also not regulated.

Masters are advised to use shingles for roofing works. They explain their choice by saying that shingles can perceive slight vibrations of walls from wood concrete without the appearance of significant defects.

An important nuance in the construction of the roof will be the observance of the rule - the removal of the roof by 300-500 from the wall, which will protect it from direct contact with rain and melt water.

Construction of wood concrete blocks is gaining momentum in Moscow and the Moscow region. Arbolite (in other words, wood concrete) remains one of the unique building materials. An environmentally friendly product, mostly composed of organic filler, has optimal characteristics for the construction of residential two-, three-story houses, agricultural and industrial buildings.

Due to excellent thermal conductivity and sound insulation, resistance to biological attack, high frost and fire resistance, as well as ease of processing with any tools, wood concrete has been in demand on the construction market for many years. The main evidence of the favorable price-quality ratio of this material is the houses made of wood concrete, built in the mid-60s in the Soviet Union and have not lost their strength characteristics so far.

Construction of a house from wood concrete. What determines the choice of material?

Wood concrete consists of an organic filler (most often wood chips, shavings), cement, water and a chemical additive.

GOST defines the use of wood chips, sawdust, rice straw, flax, and cotton as an organic filler for wood concrete. Depending on the components and purpose, heat-insulating and structural types of material are distinguished. Both of them have a number of specifications that distinguish them from similar building materials:

• light weight of products;
• high heat capacity;
• long service life;
• special strength;
• environmental cleanliness;
• fire resistance;
• frost resistance;
• good sound insulation.

No less important advantage is the absence of shrinkage processes. The minimum reduction in the size of the block can be provoked by the large weight of the roof, floors, and is observed only in the first few months after the construction of the building.

The water absorption of wood concrete varies from 75 to 85%, which means that when poured from above onto a block, water easily penetrates inside, but does not linger there. Therefore, when building a house from wood concrete, special attention should be paid to exterior finish, thereby considering the protection against moisture from the environment.

In all respects, wood concrete is ahead of its construction counterparts and is a profitable investment. An association best qualities stone and wood guarantees the construction of houses made of wood concrete high strength indicators and at the same time maintaining the ability of the walls to "breathe".

It must be remembered that blocks made in artisanal, home conditions may be inferior in some characteristics to industrially produced products. The MARS GROUP company is engaged in the production and sale of wood concrete in the Moscow region and offers high quality at low prices. Turning to us, you can always be sure that the building material meets the declared characteristics.

We are building a house from wood concrete. Process features

It is not difficult to build a house from wood concrete, for this it is enough to know some of the features of the material and follow the recommendations of specialists.

The MARS GROUP company pays special attention to the characteristics of the building material. We build houses of high quality wood concrete in Moscow, Balashikha, Domodedovo, Dubna, Kolomna, Krasnogorsk, Serpukhov, Chekhov, Korolev, Podolsk, Elektrostal and other cities and settlements Moscow region.

In some cases, our specialists make their choice in favor of the monolithic construction of low-rise buildings. With this approach, removable or fixed formwork is used, and the material itself is made on site. The monolith eliminates the presence of cold bridges, and, therefore, improves the thermal insulation characteristics of the entire house. Experts recommend installing a monolithic base, but do not exclude the possibility of using a conventional lightweight strip foundation.

Construction stages

The rules of wood concrete construction are not much different from other materials and require compliance with the main stages of the work.

Development and design of the project

It is important to consider that wood concrete is intended for the construction of one-, two- and three-story houses. Walls made of this material will not withstand a greater load. The most common layout for two-story house: on the ground floor there is a living room, an entrance hall, a kitchen combined with a dining room, a bathroom, a boiler room; on the second - bedrooms, a spacious hall, a bathroom, a pantry.

Carrying out earthworks, pouring the foundation

The base is deepened below the level of soil freezing in accordance with the established markings. The average dimensions of the trench are 50 × 30 cm. A formwork is being constructed, which is filled with sand, a reinforcing cage (10 mm in diameter), and M300 concrete. The foundation is designed to protect the wood concrete walls from moisture, so it rises at least half a meter above the ground.

Arbolite block laying

For masonry, a cement-perlite mortar is used, consisting of perlite, cement, water, air-entraining additives, in a ratio of 1:5 or ordinary cement-sand 1:3. So that moisture does not penetrate into the blocks during masonry, they are abundantly moistened with water in advance. So the solution does not lose its sticky strength.

Conducting communications

In addition to the main work with communications, it is necessary to lay blocks intended for the ventilation duct in one of the internal partitions.

Installation of ceilings between floors

These overlays are concrete plates, resembling a strip foundation in shape and evenly distributing the load from the weight of building materials. With the help of wood concrete blocks they are insulated around the perimeter.

It is important that in order to avoid deformation of the walls and to facilitate the construction of the entire building, hollow blocks should be used for the second and third floors.

This stage is also preceded by the installation cement screed with reinforcement, which has the same functions as the floors between floors. The material for the roof is bituminous or metal tiles.

Exterior and interior decoration

Any material is suitable for a fine exterior finish of an arbolite wall: brick, plaster, siding, lining, timber and much more. This allows you to decorate the house in accordance with any wishes of the owner. Interior decoration also does not have any restrictions, although most often experts choose wood as the main material.

It is easy to build a house from wood concrete in a fairly short time. It is easy to lay block elements, you do not need to involve heavy equipment - you can handle it in a couple of months. Since there is no shrinkage process, you can start the exterior finish right away. All this not only minimizes the construction time, but also reduces material costs.

Wood concrete houses: pros and cons

Advantages low-rise buildings from wood concrete set. Let's list the main ones.

The dream of any person living in a stuffy and gray city sooner or later becomes his own Vacation home from environmentally friendly material, reliable and durable, comfortable for year-round stay. All these requirements are met by a building made of wood concrete blocks.

Despite a number of advantages, this construction material It also has disadvantages that you should also be aware of.

• Influence of moisture on the structure of the arbolite block. The liquid freely penetrates into the product and also evaporates. Therefore, it is so important to protect the walls with special finishing materials.
• Low-rise building. For the construction of a four-story and higher building, wood concrete is no longer suitable because of the likelihood of its deformation under the weight of floors and beams.

If you, as a future homeowner, are not afraid of the disadvantages of using wood concrete in construction, do not hesitate to give preference to this universal building material.

Construction of wood concrete blocks in the Moscow region on a turnkey basis

The company MARSi GROUP has been building one-story (as well as two-, three-) houses from wood concrete in Moscow, the Moscow region for several years: in Kolomna, Lyubertsy, Noginsk, Serpukhov, Protvino, Shatura, Fryazino and other cities of the region. Our qualified specialists have extensive experience in the design, as well as the construction of residential and industrial buildings from wood concrete. We are ready to take into account all the wishes of the future owner and take full responsibility for the construction work. We offer services:

• project creation;
• land works;
• selection and pouring of the base;
• construction of a turnkey house;
• designer services;
• gardening, landscape design;
• commissioning.

If you still doubt the choice and ask yourself: how much does a house made of wood concrete cost? Know that in cooperation with our company, you can count on an additional reduction in the cost of a building under construction. This is due to the fact that we not only carry out and control the entire construction process, from project development to commissioning, but also independently produce wood concrete, which excludes the participation of third-party companies and manufacturers and frees the customer from paying additional funds for delivery and overpayments for the main cost of building materials.

For more information regarding product characteristics, construction process features and the construction of sustainable residential and turnkey buildings, please contact our company. At your request, managers will calculate the cost of blocks and additional services.

DISCOVER YOURSELF:

It's no secret that wood is the most environmentally friendly material. IN wooden house easy to breathe and pleasant to live, it is warm and relatively inexpensive. However, it has important drawbacks: it is not durable, as it is prone to decay and burns quickly.

These cons do not stone house: brick or different types concrete. But such a house deprives you of the opportunity to have a favorable microclimate for life, is deprived of the peculiar aesthetics of a tree, and, of course, many simply cannot afford it.

Wood concrete house is the best composition of wood and concrete!

The optimal structure of wood and concrete makes it possible to implement construction country houses, which "breathe", are durable, do not burn, save money when heating the house, and also perfectly retain heat inside the house.

Thermal conductivity of a house made of wood concrete 0.08-0.11W / (mK), wood 0.15-0.4W / (mK)

The thickness of the standard arbolite block "tree block" is 40cm. The walls of such blocks in terms of "warmth" correspond to the walls of logs 50 cm thick. And these are not dry calculations, but real practice. For example, in Siberia, people live in houses made of wood concrete with walls 30 cm thick and they are not additionally insulated. We recommend a block thickness of 40 cm according to the new SNiP standard.

Why does a wood concrete house "breathe" like a wooden one?

Wood concrete walls are porous and almost entirely made of wood, so they have the same breathable properties as solid wood.

Please note, since the wood concrete does not need additional insulation, the "breathing" of the walls is not blocked by a dense "greenhouse" film of insulation and vapor barrier.

A house made of wood concrete is not afraid of fires!

Stone houses have stood for centuries. They will not turn to ashes in 15 minutes in the fire of an accidental fire, unlike wooden ones. Yes, wooden houses are protected by various flame retardants, but it is no secret to anyone that this is a weak protection, and over time it “evaporates”. In addition, no one wants to inhale the toxic fumes of fire-fighting and anti-fungal impregnations.

Wood concrete does not support combustion and is a non-combustible material. The tests carried out show that the wood concrete house is able to resist open fire without additional processing.

A house made of wood concrete is not subject to rotting, fungus and pest infestation!

The wood "stuffing" of the arbolite blocks is hidden under the reliable shell of the concrete shell. It completely protects the tree from mechanical and weather influences. Therefore, the house does not rot and does not lose its appearance.

From arbolite blocks country house can be erected in 1 month, and country cottage in 2 months, without fear for "shrinkage" or seasonal temperature fluctuations!

Houses made of wood concrete blocks do not shrink. This property allows:

• First, build walls very quickly,
• secondly, do not wait a whole year and immediately start finishing.

The cost of houses from wood concrete blocks

Construction of houses from wood concrete blocks

We decided to build our own cottage or cottage, and you want to know in detail how a house made of wood concrete differs, where you can order blocks and a building project? Our specialized company "Drevoblok" is pleased to offer you its professional services and high-quality products. You can buy wood concrete blocks from us on the most favorable terms.

On initial stage it is important to choose the right material, considering all possible options. Instead of brick and concrete wooden beams Arbolit came, which is a mixture of high-grade cement and wood chips. It is in no way inferior, and in some respects even superior to traditional options.

It is necessary to take into account all the characteristics of wood concrete. Any type of base can be taken, since even with significant shrinkage, due to the high strength and ability of the blocks to endure bending loads, the walls of the building do not crack. It is possible to use the base, the construction of which will be the most profitable and expedient in specific conditions, the most suitable design is tape.

Arbolite has a high moisture permeability, therefore waterproofing is required according to the technology:

• elevation of the foundation above ground level - not less than 0.5 m;
• at the same height, a brick substrate is made that absorbs moisture into itself.

2. Wall laying.

The technology is practically no different from the scheme of working with brick or foam concrete, except that the blocks are capable of absorbing moisture from the solution. Therefore, the wood concrete in order to avoid "drying" of the seams is moistened in advance.

Laying rows start from the corners, checking the level possible deviations, the material is easy to process. The thickness of the seam is taken from 10 to 30 mm, depending on the geometry of the elements and the number of storeys of the building.

The solution is applied along the edges of the previous row. An air thermal break is created, which is compensated by the thermal conductivity of the cement-sand mixture. Often additional masonry insulation is used with wooden slats or polystyrene tape. Such a gasket creates a gap in the seam, excluding the occurrence of cold bridges.

The optimal thickness of the walls of the house is 30 cm. For a two-story dwelling - at least 40, since the load on the lower rows of wood concrete increases. Under the condition of brick cladding or internal or external additional insulation, it is allowed to take the thickness of the bearing walls of 20 cm.

It is necessary to stiffen the walls by reinforcing them with a polymer mesh or steel bars treated with an anti-corrosion compound. The corners of the building, door and window openings, junctions of external walls are subject to reinforcement. For houses built from wood concrete, it is not necessary to strengthen the masonry, but many, being safe, place the grid every 3-4 rows. You can read the reviews of developers.

The blocks are laid in a checkerboard pattern, which ensures high reliability of the adhesion of the elements to each other.

The guide for working with wood concrete indicates the need for simultaneous laying out of no more than three rows. Then take a daily break to dry the solution. It is for this reason that internal walls are often erected together with external ones. To speed up the curing of cement and reduce construction time, various additives are introduced into the composition.

3. Exterior and interior decoration.

The surface is rough, thanks to which reliable adhesion of the material and the rough plaster mixture is ensured, additional processing of the walls is excluded. The facade of a house made of monolithic wood concrete or block can also be painted with acrylic urethane paint.

For exterior decoration, it is desirable to use products that have reliable adhesion to wood concrete. If the plane is not flat enough, a wooden crate is allowed. Decoration method internal walls with their own hands is chosen by anyone. The humidity level in the room during work should not exceed 75%

4. Roof.

It is important to correctly calculate the loads and distribute them to the walls, the thickness of which must be sufficient to ensure the reliability and stability of the roof. The easiest way is to arrange a reinforced cement mortar screed after laying the last row of blocks.

The nuances of construction

When building a house from wood concrete with your own hands, it is important to study the manual and follow a few simple tips. The thermotechnical properties of wood concrete are fully revealed in the absence of cold bridges, leading to significant heat losses. To eliminate them on their own, the technology of breaking the seams by laying wooden slats is used.

To prevent the absorption of moisture in the solution, moisten the surface of the blocks with water or place them on an incompletely dried material. This problem can be solved with a mixture of liquid consistency.

The use of wood concrete implies the obligatory execution of finishing. If it is necessary to use products of non-standard sizes, it is desirable to process them on site. This will reduce the cost and significantly reduce the time.

Some nuances:

• due to the high hygroscopicity, it needs a waterproofing device;
• construction of a plinth with a height of 500-600 mm;
• to protect against water runoff, the removal of the roof from the walls by 300-500 mm is arranged;
• for rooms with high humidity, it is necessary to perform high-quality vapor barrier;
• heat-insulating blocks with a low density are allowed to be selected only for one-story houses, with a larger number of storeys, the use of structural material is required that can withstand the weight of floor slabs and upper floors;
• wood concrete does not combine well with ordinary concrete, therefore, when joining, special ingredients are added to the solution that accelerate the setting of cement, or wooden planks are used as a gasket between surfaces;
• when joining with metal, additional protection against corrosion is needed.

The building material is well cut, drilled, sawn, perfectly holds self-tapping screws and nails.

Possible mistakes

• Attracting non-professionals to build a turnkey house is the main reason for dissatisfaction with the quality of the work performed.
• Wrong block selection. A product with a low density, the price of which is significantly lower, gives a significant shrinkage with a curvature in the vertical plane.
• Lack of reinforcement above the ceiling. It entails an uneven distribution of the load on the walls and their curvature.
• Deviations in geometric parameters. It leads to an increase in the consumption of masonry mortar and finishing plaster.
• Construction of a plinth from cellular concrete. Porous building material of low cost is not able to provide protection from moisture.

The cost of building turnkey houses in Moscow

The price of turnkey housing depends on whether a standard project is chosen or developed individually for each customer. The layout also has a significant effect. engineering networks on the site, the summing up of which to the house is a large part of the estimate, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe building and the number of floors.

When ordering a house according to a standard project, which can be easily adapted to wood concrete blocks, it will be possible to save on the development of the original scheme and plan of the dwelling.

The cost of 1 m3 of masonry of standard thickness is approximately 6,700 rubles, 1 m2 of a finished house will cost an average of 4,200. Prices for fully finished housing from wood concrete start at 800,000-900,000 for a modest and tidy house. A two-story cottage with a garage and a swimming pool can be built for about 4-5 million.

Most developers have heard that there is such a building material - wood concrete, but few imagine what range of work can be done with it. Basically, they know about the blocks of wood concrete, and this is where all the knowledge ends. Meanwhile, this material is so versatile that for many it will be a real discovery.

Arbolite is, by and large, a mixture of concrete and sawdust, with the addition of some components that give the material additional qualities. It is also called sawdust concrete, the names wood concrete and organic concrete were also in use.

How and why did wood concrete appear as a building material?

This material was invented about 100 years ago in Holland. This country was in great need of building materials, but did not have its own forest and imported it. Numerous woodworking factories produced a huge amount of waste in the form of sawdust. Some kind of bright mind, well versed in the theory of building insulation, mixed sawdust with concrete, and the result was wood concrete.

However, sawdust with concrete in its pure form is not a very durable material, because sawdust is organic in nature and emit substances that interfere with the rapid hardening of cement masses. Therefore, sawdust, before use, was dried for 2-3 months in open areas under the sun, so that all harmful substances. Then they guessed to add lime and bleach to the fresh solution, which "froze" these substances and blocked their action.

Only 20 years after the discovery, the technology for the production of high-quality wood concrete was worked out to the smallest detail, and blocks from this cheap material began to be used almost all over the world. Mostly where the woodworking industry was developed, especially in Scandinavia and Canada.

In the 60s of the last century, this technology came to the USSR, and Soviet builders liked this material so much that a whole industry for the production of wood concrete was created - as many as 100 factories across the country! Buildings in which arbolite was involved in one way or another were built everywhere, especially in Siberia and the Far North, it even ended up in Antarctica, where some objects for polar stations were built from it.

And this is not surprising. In addition to its low cost, wood concrete demonstrates excellent thermal insulation qualities. In addition, it is strong enough to build houses up to five stories high. At the same time, concrete blocks weigh much lighter than concrete blocks. Therefore, the foundations for a house built from wood concrete are not as heavy and complex as, for example, foundations for brick houses.

Despite these qualities, in the 90s of the last century, the production of wood concrete in our country almost completely stopped, and factories reoriented to large-block concrete construction.

However, time put everything in its place. With the development of private suburban construction, there was a need for cheap and high-quality material that would improve the heat-saving qualities of residential cottages. A significant increase in the price of (previously cheap) heat carriers - gas, coal, electricity - played its role.

First, for this purpose, mass production of aerated concrete was launched, but during operation it turned out that, along with good thermal insulation qualities, this material has serious drawbacks - it is relatively fragile and short-lived due to its cellular structure.

Plasticized concrete became a competitor of aerated concrete, but it turned out that plastic, which is a component of this material, is unsafe for human health, and at positive temperatures it releases toxic substances into the environment, and in case of fire, plastic concrete is even more dangerous than polystyrene .

Many experts began to rack their brains in search of alternatives. And then, finally, they remembered sawdust concrete. Today, this building material in our country, one might say, begins a rebirth.

Arbolite (sawdust concrete). What is it made from and what does it include?

Competition for modern market construction of houses and building materials is very high. Producers of aerated concrete, bricks and panel houses they intensively promote only their products, and therefore the charms of wood concrete remain largely unknown to the widest consumer.

However, those who are aware of the merits of this material build their houses from it, and they use wood concrete blocks not only for walls, but also to create other elements of the house.

For example, few people know that you can make an excellent heat-insulating floor screed from sawdust concrete or even plaster walls with it. The main thing is to prepare the mixture correctly and use it wisely.

In this case, a house built using sawdust concrete will significantly “lose weight” in price, acquiring additional qualities in comparison with aerated concrete, and even more so with brick, and even natural wood.

Consider the main components from which wood concrete is made, in more detail.

Sawdust

It is not difficult to make a mixture of sawdust and concrete on your own. In almost every region there are woodworking factories where you can buy sawdust cheaply. Cement and sand are also sold everywhere, the same goes for lime, which is used as an additive.

It is better to buy sawdust from coniferous species, since the wood of these trees is usually impregnated with resins, and therefore it practically does not rot - the same qualities are transferred to wood concrete. Sawdust and deciduous trees can also be used if additives are added to the solution.

It is better not to use large sawdust and wood chips; fine wood “dust” is also not good.

Additives

Additives in the preparation of sawdust concrete are intended for the mineralization of the filler. First of all, chloride or calcium nitrate is added to the mixture (about 250 g per 1 bucket of cement). Instead of calcium, ordinary lime can be added (1-2 kg, depending on the use of the mixture). Ammonium sulfate or water glass are also suitable.

However, additives are not necessary if you are willing to wait several weeks for the mixture to set. It is worth considering that without the use of additives, you will have to dry sawdust for at least a month to remove all organic matter from them.

Sand

Any sand can be added to the mixture: river, sea, quarry. The main thing is that it be clean - without dust, clay and large stones.

The optimal fraction of sand grains is Mk 2.5-3. Structurally, the sand should not be fine, but not very large.

Cement

Cement should be taken only grade 400, in extreme cases - M300.

Construction of houses from wood concrete (sawdust concrete)

Arbolite is a versatile material. It can be used for making wall blocks, floor screed or for plastering walls.

Block making

For the production of sawdust concrete blocks, it is necessary to have molds made of boards about 2 cm thick. Inside the mold, steel sheets are finished - this is necessary so that the wood does not absorb moisture from the sawdust concrete blanks.

The prepared sawdust-concrete mixture is laid in layers of about 20 cm thick, each layer must be very carefully compacted in order to squeeze air out of the mixture.

After that, the workpiece will dry in warm weather, the air temperature should be at least 15 degrees. Sawdust concrete is aged in molds for 3 days, then the blanks are taken out and dried for another 3 days on metal or plastic pallets. In the meantime, you can start making the next batch of blocks.