Heated polypropylene water floor by hand. Fastening clamps, soldering contacts. The disadvantages of electric heating are

Proper installation under laminate assumes that it will be done taking into account all the nuances. Heating equipment uses infrared waves to operate. Emitters that emit infrared waves are sealed inside a thin multilayer panel. They move upward, where they are delayed by massive objects. In this case. It accumulates heat in itself, gradually releasing it to the air.

The radiation is generated by carbon emitters assembled in several strips. In more powerful systems, the canvas is continuous. In any case, along its edge there are conductive bimetal busbars, which are responsible for transmitting electricity to the heater. Equipment power varies from 120 to 230 W. The sizes and thickness of the panels vary.

The latter figure does not exceed 2 mm, which allows you to easily install the material under any coating. The width of the standard film can be 100, 80, 60 and 50 cm. For ease of use, the film is divided into segments between which it can be cut. The average length of such a fragment is 20 cm. Thus, if necessary, you can install a heating floor of any shape, even a very complex one.

Film flooring for laminate: what to consider when choosing a coating

Standard lamellas cannot be mounted on heaters. There are several reasons for this:

• The panels have low thermal conductivity, which will prevent heating of the room.
• Under the influence high temperature The geometry of the plates may change, as a result the surface may warp.
• When heated, artificial turf can release toxic substances.

These are all good enough reasons not to use it. However, there are special models of material designed for installation on a heater. Special markings have been developed for them, which must be applied to the packaging. Another important point: the mandatory presence of locks on the slats. They should be laid only using floating floor technology, that is, without connection to the base. In this case, you cannot stick it.

Rules for placing heating fabric

This type can be either primary or additional. In the first case, it is necessary to put the film on 70% of the area, in the second, everything depends on the quantity and power of the main heat sources. However, in any option, important recommendations should be taken into account.

• It is prohibited to place heat-insulating objects on the floor covering above the film. Such as large furniture without legs, dense ones, etc. The system in such areas overheats and may fail.
• Heavy objects, such as bulkheads and furniture, should not stand above the infrared sheet. The lamellas under them may bend, which will lead to excessive pressure on the heater. In such conditions it quickly breaks down.
• If it is expected combined heating, the laminated coating should not be allowed to heat up from two heat sources at the same time.
• It must be taken into account that the heating zone of the film material extends beyond its physical boundaries. For this reason, it is not recommended to lay it close to walls, large furniture, etc. The indentation should be about 3-10 cm. This depends on the power of the equipment.

It is optimal to lay the heating sheet at a distance of 0.5-0.6 m from each wall. This will allow you to painlessly rearrange the furniture in the future, if necessary.

Infrared film heated floor under laminate: proper installation technology

Heating system is a kind of layer cake, which is important to lay out correctly. Let's look at how to do this step by step.

Step 1. Setting up the base

It should be dry, smooth and hard. Laminate flooring can only be laid on a leveled base. Therefore, if the height differences exceed 2 mm per linear meter, additional work will have to be carried out. To level it, it is optimal to fill it with a leveling mixture and wait until it dries completely. The easiest way to level a wooden surface is with plywood.

Step 2. Place thermal insulation

For the normal functioning of the system, it is necessary to equip a heat-reflecting layer. Standard aluminum foil is not suitable in such cases. This is because the heater is electric, therefore the substrate should not conduct current. Otherwise, accidents may occur. Polyethylene foam or cork with a reflective layer applied to it is chosen as an insulator.

Before laying the material, thoroughly clean the base from debris and dust. Use is required. We spread strips of insulator on a clean surface. We cover the entire area of ​​the room, even if the IR film is not installed everywhere. We lay the panels end-to-end one to the other with a slight overlap on the walls. To prevent the insulator from moving, we fix it with tape or fasten it directly to the base with a stapler.

Step 3: Lay out the film

Roll out the strips, orienting them along the longest sides of the room. This way it will be possible to minimize the number of contact connections. If necessary, we cut the fabric, but only in special areas that are marked. During the installation process, we ensure that the integrity of the elements is not compromised. The canvas should be laid so that there are no overlaps.

Copper current-carrying busbars should be laid down with the shiny side down. This is necessary for further connection of contacts. The panels must be fixed with tape.

After all the heaters are laid out, we determine which busbars will be connected to the cable. We immediately carefully isolate all areas not involved in switching. To do this, we cover them with bitumen tape, which should be included in the equipment kit.

Step 4: Install the temperature sensor

For correct operation of the system, the element is placed in the coldest point of the room. Moreover, it should be in the middle of the width of the strip, so that the distance from its edges is the same. Do not place the sensor close to the wall. There must be a minimum of 500 mm between them. Another important point. If the standard cable of the device is not enough to lay it in the chosen location, you should choose another one. Extending the wire is prohibited.

We cut a groove in the substrate for the sensor body and a channel for mounting its cable. We put the element in place so that it is located on the carbon heater. We fix the device with bitumen tape, stretch the cable from it to. We lay out the film and attach it to the substrate.

Step 5. Install the terminals

In areas where radiating equipment will be connected to the circuit, you need to install special clamps. Most often they have the form of a clip. In this case, we insert the upper petal of the element into the contact cut of the film, and place the lower one under it. Then we take pliers and squeeze the terminal tightly but carefully, ensuring reliable contact with it. copper bus. Sometimes there are other types of connections; the rules for assembling them should be found in the instructions for the equipment.

Step 6. Connect the cable

We stretch the wire, placing it near the connection areas. Typically, the cables are routed to one side of the system: this makes it more convenient to connect them to the heaters. Although it is also possible to output the neutral and phase wires to opposite sides of the room. In this case, you need to be especially careful when making connections so as not to select one conductor bus for switching both contacts.

We strip the ends of the laid cables of insulation to about 1 cm and insert them into the contact terminal. We crimp the resulting connection with pliers. We reliably insulate it using bitumen tape. Glue the strips on top and bottom of the contact, carefully crimp. The result should be a waterproof capsule that protects the connection from possible ingress of water.

Step 7. Connect the thermostat

The technology for laying a heated floor assumes that all cables must converge at one point. Where they fit into the thermostat. It can serve several sections of the system at once; in this case, it is extremely important to choose the fittings for connection wisely. These must only be certified terminal assemblies; homemade twists are unacceptable.

The thermostat control unit is equipped with special connectors to which wires are connected. To prevent errors, pictograms have been developed to indicate areas of grounding, load and supply voltage switching. After connecting, we place each cable in a special channel and fix the thermostat in place.

Step 8: Test run the system

We check the integrity and correctness of all connections made and start up the heating floor. If done correctly it should work fine. If any problems are identified, all defects should be corrected and the equipment restarted. For clarity, we offer a video of the installation of a film heated floor under a laminate.

Step 9. Lay the covering

Heaters do not withstand exposure to water, so it is necessary to put insulation on the canvas. A 200 micron plastic film will be sufficient, which will protect from moisture and will not block infrared radiation. We cut the material into strips of the required length and lay it on top of the heating structure with a slight overlap. Be sure to glue them with tape.

Now you can start installing the covering. How to lay the selected laminate model, you need to look at the packaging. The manufacturer necessarily gives recommendations to obtain the best result. When working, some care should be taken so as not to accidentally damage the film heater.

Registration: 12/11/10 Messages: 19 Thanks: 3

an42

Participant

Registration: 12/11/10 Messages: 19 Thanks: 3 Address: Moscow

Hello. Question about grounding. As far as I know, devices in a metal case are usually grounded so that when touched by a person they do not cause an electric shock. If the device is in a plastic case, then there is nothing to ground. I have not seen any cases of wrapping a plastic case in foil for the purpose of grounding.

Tsugunov Anton Valerievich

Reading time: 5 minutes

One of the most economical and at the same time effective options for heating rooms in our time is film heated floors. In conditions of constant rise in price of coolants, as well as electrical energy, the use of heating elements with low power is a completely justified solution.

Advantages of heated floors

The main advantages of such a warm floor are:

1. Environmental safety. Thermal radiation with a wavelength of 5-20 microns, which is emitted by elements of such a floor, is absolutely harmless to people, animals and plants.
2. Reduced energy costs due to more efficient heating of the room and low power consumption.
3. How to lay it? It is quite possible to install a film heated floor with your own hands, just follow our installation instructions. There is no need to involve specialists for this.
4. The use of infrared rays for heating a room does not lead to a decrease in air humidity, which has a positive effect on the health and well-being of people.
5. Due to the small thickness of the film, it can be mounted under facing materials walls and ceiling, which makes it possible to heat rooms even more efficiently.
6. Unlike other options, when laying a film covering, the film can be dismantled and re-laid, for example, when moving. Of course, its dismantling is only possible if floor coverings such as linoleum, laminate or carpet are used.
7. The heating film is different long term service – up to 30 years or more.

Design

To install a film heated floor, you must use the following elements:

• A film that consists of a polyester base. Strips of carbon paste connected to each other by copper jumpers are used as a heating element. Before starting work, make sure that the canvas can be cut to your size.

• A temperature sensor is used to determine the temperature of the floor surface.

• The operation of the entire heating system is controlled using a thermostat.

• To connect electrical wires to the heating elements of a heated floor, contact terminals are included in its delivery.

Important! Connections must not be made using tin soldering! Manufacturers prohibit soldering any cross-section of wire to the strip floor structure. When soldering is performed, excessive heating of the conductive bus occurs, which can disrupt the contact in the heating system and lead to its failure. The manufacturer insists on using crimp connectors.

• Isolation of places electrical connections performed using bitumen insulators (see installation instructions).

The operating principle of this design is extremely simple. When voltage is applied to the terminals of the thermal film, it begins to flow through the carbon elements. electric current, which causes the appearance of infrared radiation. The connection diagram for a film heated floor is also very simple: strips of carbon film are laid on the base, connected with wires, and the finished floor can be laid flooring. But more on that a little later.

Technical characteristics of heating film

To the main technical specifications Film heated floors on the market include:

1. Power consumption linear meter films. Currently, for most of its models this figure lies in the range of 45-67 W.
2. Melting point (130 C). It is worth noting that during operation the surface of the film is heated to a temperature not exceeding 55 C.
3. The percentage of infrared radiation in the total frequency spectrum must be at least 95%.
4. The length and width of one strip of thermal film (usually 8 X 0.5 m).
5. The film thickness is 0.4 mm. This makes it possible to lay heated floors under any floor covering - laminate, parquet, ceramic tiles, as well as linoleum or carpet. The main thing is to strictly follow the installation instructions and film heated floors for many years will delight you with comfort and warmth.

Installation procedure

Do-it-yourself installation of film heated floors is carried out in the following order:

• Drawing up a plan for the placement of furniture elements and household appliances. This takes into account the area of ​​the room and the total power of the entire heating system.
• Marking the area of ​​the room in which it is planned to install heating elements.
• Laying a thermal insulation substrate that prevents heat from being spent on heating interfloor ceilings or concrete base floor. Foamed polypropylene is used as a backing, one side of which is covered with reflective material. The underlay should only be laid on a flat, dry and clean subfloor surface.
• In strict accordance with the pre-drawn plan, the installation of a warm film floor is carried out. Its strips are cut to the required size and laid without overlaps; heat-resistant tape is used to fasten the strips together. Laying heated floors closer than 10 cm to the walls is not allowed.

• Installation of thermostat. The installation height of this device is determined for reasons of ease of use, as well as the overall design of the room. The wires connecting the thermostat to the heating elements, as well as to the electrical network of the apartment, are laid in pre-prepared grooves. The installed thermal sensor must be equipped with corrugation and be able to be easily replaced if necessary. How to connect the regulator to the network and where to connect the temperature sensor and cables from the heated floor is indicated in the installation instructions for the device.
• Connecting the heated floor to electricity. For this, wires with a cross-section of at least 1.5 mm 2 are used, which are clamped with pliers in the contact terminals. The heated floor is connected to the thermostat via a temperature sensor according to the diagram shown. The temperature sensor is installed between the heating film and the thermal insulation substrate near the location of the thermostat. All connecting wires are recessed into grooves pre-cut in the substrate.

• Functionality check.
• Laying a film layer of protective polyethylene on top of the infrared film.
• Flooring can be installed.

Attention! Before laying a heated floor, you should carefully plan the furnishings of the room. Its installation in areas that will be occupied by furniture will lead to overheating of the carbon elements and their failure.

Connection diagram

Please note that all underfloor heating elements are connected in parallel. This is extremely important to ensure reliable operation of the heating system as a whole, since if one of its elements fails, the rest will continue to work.

Attention! The film can only be cut in places specially designated for this purpose. On each roll they are indicated by a dotted line. Otherwise, the integrity of the electrical circuit may be compromised.

Laying film under various types of flooring

The heated film floor under the laminate must be laid on a perfectly flat surface according to the installation instructions. The maximum permissible difference in floor level cannot exceed 1 mm per 2 linear meters.

Important! A heated film floor under linoleum or carpet is laid using a plywood or fiberboard backing between the infrared film and the floor covering.

A professionally installed electric heated floor works flawlessly in almost 100% of cases. Most often, problems are observed in cases where the cable was laid independently. To repair a heated electric floor with your own hands, you will need to find the location of the cable break and repair the damage.

How to find a broken floor heating cable

The search for a break is carried out as follows:

Ringing the cable when it breaks using a tester helps to accurately determine the cause of the heating system failure. The exact location of mechanical damage is found using special tools.

In particular, the following equipment is used:

• High voltage generator- the device determines the location of a cable break by creating an arc between the unprotected core or braid of the wire. Where the discharge occurs is where the damage occurs.
• Audio detector - the operating principle of the device is similar to a metal detector. When the device is over the rupture site, a corresponding sound is made.
• Voltage tester or hidden wiring detector. The easiest way to diagnose cable integrity is with this device. The wire detector not only shows the presence of a cable inside the tie, but also allows you to determine the location of the break with a high degree of probability.

Before you begin repairing mechanical damage, you should make sure that the reason for the lack of heating is not a breakdown of the temperature sensor or controller. Therefore, the cable break resistance is initially measured.

How to repair a floor heating cable

1. Remove the floor covering at the damaged area. The most difficult thing is to dismantle the tiles. To avoid damaging nearby tiles, follow these steps: The seams are cleaned of grout. The tile is pryed up with a spatula and slowly undermined. In the place of emphasis it is necessary to lay wooden block so that the spatula does not damage the coating.
2. Break the tie. The work requires patience. The tie is removed carefully so as not to damage the cable in several more places. Emergency repair of a broken electric floor heating cable begins only after a sufficient amount of wire has been released to carry out the work.
3. Vein repair. Usually, a company that sells heated floors immediately offers a repair kit for restoration. The set includes sleeves and heat shrink sleeves. You can repair a broken heating cable as follows. At the point of breakage, the core is stripped and connected using a sleeve. A coupling is first placed on the wire to repair the underfloor heating cable. The sleeve is crimped with special pliers. The repair coupling is installed on the cable and heated with a hair dryer. As it heats up, the coupling film decreases in size and isolates the damaged area.
4. Functionality check. Immediately after repairing the damage to the heating cable, heated floors can function normally. Turns on. After 30-40 minutes the wire reaches the required temperature.
5. The screed is repaired and the tiles are laid in place.

Repairing the cable yourself is not that difficult. But to do the work yourself, you will need:

• Device for detecting broken cable floors.
• Repair kit.
• Repair tool.

Equipment for repairing electric heated floors

Repair Tool:

• Standard electrician kit. Wire strippers, pliers, tester - all this will be needed during the diagnostic and repair process. To check for cable damage, you will need specialized equipment (hidden wiring tester, audio detector, etc.).
• Press pliers - necessary for crimping connecting sleeves. It will not be possible to clamp the sleeve using improvised means, so you will need to purchase or rent specialized pliers.
• Construction hairdryer. When heated, the heat-shrink sleeve shrinks in volume and isolates the rupture site. Some craftsmen use open fire lighters or matches for this purpose, but in this case this is ineffective.
• A puncher is needed to knock down the tie and release the wires. During operation, you will need a spatula attachment.

If at least one of the tips on how to replace damage to an electric heated floor seemed complicated or caused confusion, it is better to seek help from specialists. When performing work, safety standards must be observed.