There are several options on how to save money on building a house. One of them is to choose combined houses made of stone and wood - the projects and prices of which are presented on this page. When properly designed, such buildings are distinguished not only by their attractive appearance, but also by excellent technical and operational characteristics.
Features of combined buildings
People have been solving the problem of how to build inexpensive, but at the same time durable houses from scrap materials for a long time. For the combined construction of houses, projects primarily appeared in the foothills, where there was a sufficient amount of stone and forest. The design included a reliable stone first (and, if necessary, basement) floor, on which utility rooms were located, and an attic or second floor made of wood was built for living rooms.
Today it is not necessary to build with stone. Among others, on this page you can select, for example, projects combined houses and cottages made of brick and wood. No less popular are options for constructing the first floor from foam or gas blocks, cinder blocks and similar materials.
It is strongly recommended to entrust the construction of such a house to specialists, because for the construction of turnkey combined houses, projects must take into account the compatibility of materials - the mutual influence of wood and stone on each other and on humans.
Saving on foundation
In addition to the obvious savings on stone for the second floor, house designs made from combined materials also mean a reduced load on the foundation. Relevant for unstable soils; it is not necessary to make a thick monolithic slab or too deep strip foundation.
Essentially, the strength of the foundation must be sufficient for one-story house, but 2 floors are being built on it.
By the way, most of these houses are two-story or have a residential attic. But, if necessary, on this page you can select and order turnkey one-story combined houses - projects and prices, number of floors and the presence of an attic can be filtered in the settings.
Stylistics of combined houses
Initially, the exterior of buildings was predominantly made in Scandinavian style, but now many buyers and architects prefer modernism or a combination of styles. As a result, on this page you will find a variety of stylistic directions, according to which combined houses are designed. Projects and prices of standard houses have already been calculated taking into account various requests, and if necessary, you can always order individual design.
Combined turnkey house
According to the law, you cannot build without preliminary design, which means that in any case you will need to buy a combined house project. You can save on this item of the estimate if you order the construction of a turnkey house.
In simple words, this service assumes that all issues that arise during the construction of a house are resolved by the construction company, and you only need to select a project. The advantage here is that many construction companies when ordering turnkey construction, they provide a standard project for free, and some even offer individual design. But the choice is yours anyway.
, half-timbered houses, stone houses, combined houses, houses made of professional timber, made of logs
Do you want to become the owner of a beautiful, durable and cozy cottage? Then right now look at what combined houses we can offer you. Recently, many of our clients prefer this housing option, because good combination wood and stone combines all the advantages of both materials.
Half-timbered cottages began to appear in Germany as early as the 15th century. And now they have found new life. Advances in the field of construction make it possible to preserve and increase all the advantages of oak, fir, pine and natural stone. Such buildings have no disadvantages. And to become the owner of a truly reliable and durable birth nest, you just need to contact our company. We will carry out turnkey construction taking into account all your wishes and requirements for the house.
Why should you choose a combined type house?
Combined houses stand out due to the following advantages:
- Possibility to live in the cottage at any time of the year. It is cool in summer and very warm in winter, even if located in areas with a harsh climate. It is enough to install a high-quality heating system. The walls will retain heat, so there will be no large costs for paying for used gas or electricity.
- Fire safety. Since in the construction of combined houses we use only wood treated with special impregnations, it will be resistant to fire. You can install a fireplace in your cottage, and even more than one, without fear of the risk of fire.
- Environmentally friendly. There is nothing more natural than solid wood. It is pleasant and easy to breathe in a house made of timber. This house is ideal for families with children, allergy sufferers and asthmatics.
- Light weight. The lightweight design ensures that soil shrinkage will not occur. Therefore, such houses can be built even in areas where sandy and marshy soil predominates.
- Attractive appearance. Combined half-timbered cottages captivate the eye from the first moment. And we guarantee that the aesthetics will not fade over the years. The materials used in construction are resistant to changes in temperature and humidity, ultraviolet radiation, etc.
Since our company itself is engaged in timber harvesting, develops projects and builds combined houses, we offer you our services at the most attractive prices.
Contact our managers right now to discuss all terms of cooperation!
Combined houses made of stone and wood, the designs of which usually include a brick (stone, concrete) first (ground) floor and wooden second (attic ) is an attempt to level out the disadvantages of some materials at the expense of the advantages of others. Stone (brick) is a very strong, durable and reliable material, but at the same time it takes a very long time to warm up and requires both internal and often external finishing work.
Wood is an environmentally friendly and healthy material with excellent thermal insulation, but it is also very fire hazardous and relatively short-lived. Combining these materials allows you to minimize costs, ensuring maximum energy savings and high construction speed.
Features of designing combined houses
House designs using stone and wood have a fairly long architectural history. These include half-timbered houses, which wooden frame filled with stones, or alpine chalets, which were originally the dwellings of shepherds.
However, the construction of a combined house made of wood and stone was quite common in Russian architecture - in the 19th century, enterprising middle-class merchants, minimizing costs, built two-story houses, in which the first floor made of stone was “business” - it housed a store (shop) or office. But the second floor was allocated for living space.
A combined stone-wood house will allow you to make the most of strengths each material:
- the use of brick (stone, concrete blocks) - a non-combustible material - on the ground floor is quite justified, because there is a living room with fireplace, kitchen, possibly a garage and other rooms with an increased risk of fire. In addition, in this case it will be easier to obtain permission and install the boiler on the ground floor
- durability - it is the lower crowns that are exposed to the greatest negative effects (moisture, fungus, mold, insects) wooden house, close to the ground. The first floor, built of brick, will last for decades without reducing reliability, because brick is practically not affected by negative natural factors, and wood will be protected from moisture and the influence of groundwater
Advice! When designing combined houses, you can abandon the high foundation characteristic of wooden houses– brick withstands moisture well.
- profitability - in financial terms, a combined “brick + wood” house will cost less than a complete one brick house, and this is only if we take into account the cost of the material. It is worth considering additional costs: insulation brick walls, Finishing work, heating the residential floor - the financial benefits will be especially noticeable
- energy efficiency - wood retains heat much better than brick, which will save on heating the living area, but you should not neglect the insulation of the basement
- combining materials will significantly reduce the total weight of the building, so you can further save on laying the foundation
Advice! To further reduce weight, the second floor can be constructed using non-material timber or rounded logs, but use frame technology
- speed of construction - both brick and wooden part houses are built quite quickly, but while the wooden part is shrinking (this can take up to a year for rounded logs, for laminated veneer lumber this is not very significant), you can finish the first floor and even move into it
- aesthetics - combining materials allows you to get a very unusual and attractive exterior; such designs make it possible to implement interesting and non-standard design solutions and approaches.
The first floor, built of brick, is distinguished by its excellent practical advantages - it is stable, strong, ideal for equipment bathrooms, laundry room, boiler room, mini-swimming pool, heated garage, as well as a kitchen, dining room and living room. The second floor, built of wood, is distinguished by an atmosphere of comfort and warmth, thanks to its natural qualities, wood provides natural air exchange and humidity regulation, so it is optimal to equip rooms with a minimum engineering communications and installations - bedrooms, children's rooms, office.
IN modern construction There is a gradual abandonment of brick in favor of aerated concrete or other types of cellular concrete. First of all, they are lighter, which allows for additional savings on laying the foundation. An important point is that, with the same strength, aerated concrete has significantly better thermal insulation properties than brick. But the second floor can be built from rounded logs, profiled or laminated timber, or frame method.
There are two approaches to designing the facade of combined houses:
- single style - in this case the whole house is decorated in the same style, the difference between floors is completely eliminated, for which it can be used as decorative plaster, and siding. Brick floor can be finished imitation timber, block house, clapboard, etc., so that visually the house is completely wooden
- different design - the second floor in this case remains untouched (the wood can only be additionally painted or varnished), the first floor is finished decorative bricks or plaster, tiles, stone (natural or artificial).
When building combined houses, special attention will be required in the transition from the brick part to the wooden one. Between floors, reinforcing metal pins are used as a connecting element - placing them in the upper rows of brick (stone) masonry, they are used to secure the first crowns of the second floor. Required condition– creating a waterproofing layer, for which you can use roofing felt, polyurethane foam and other materials that will provide protection wooden structures from moisture.
Let's look at the reasons for their popularity, and then find out whether it is advisable to combine wood with stone.
Advantages of combined houses
Combined houses have remained attractive since ancient times. Thanks to the use modern materials and borrowings from (wide eaves overhangs, open beams, etc.) the facades of such buildings look unusually impressive. The same applies to the interior, where it is easy to combine, for example, classic and country.
There is also a purely practical advantage: even the most modern technologies wood protection is not able to preserve the frame crown throughout the entire service life of the log house, but if this crown is raised high above the ground, it is well ventilated and practically does not rot. In this way, owners can fully enjoy themselves without thinking about the upcoming complex wall repairs.
Choosing a foundation
Now let’s move on to issues of construction practice and the foundation of a lightweight structure is unsuitable for a semi-stone house. It is better to immediately exclude shallow-buried (floating) tape and screw piles. In dry areas where it is possible to build a basement, a full strip foundation is advisable. For heaving soils A pile-grillage structure is perfect. The “Swedish” slab is reliable both on subsiding and heaving soils.
Selection of wall materials
Now about the choice of wall materials. For the first floor, you can use all types of lightweight blocks, as well as any of the layered masonry options (for example, foam block + insulation + brick).
It is more difficult to decide on the second floor. Ideally, it should exhibit minimal shrinkage and not require caulking or sheathing. Only . Solid profiled timber kiln-dried is 60–70% cheaper than glued timber, but shrinks at least 6% and looks less neat due to cracks.
With a rounded log, things are much more complicated: it must be left to stand for at least a year, and a wooden floor cannot be heated. The seams between the logs will have to be caulked; another option is to use a thick synthetic (semi-synthetic) sealant and pierce the seams with linen ropes.
It is hardly worth constructing a second floor from ordinary unplaned timber - the walls made of it will be blown through, no matter what sealant you use, and besides, expensive finishing will be required.
Since the second floor partly violates the concept of a combined house, it is advisable to choose wall material taking into account modern requirements to thermal protection of buildings. Experts recommend for middle zone In Russia, timber with a width of 200–250 mm and logs with a diameter of 320–380 mm.
If the walls of the first floor are used aerated concrete blocks density less than 600 kg/cu.m. m, on top it is required to pour a concrete belt 15-25 cm high with a spatial frame made of reinforcement with a diameter of 10 mm. Without such reinforcement, the top row of masonry will not withstand the load from the floor. In addition, the armored belt allows you to support the release of logs for the construction of a balcony with steel consoles
How to properly join wood and stone
Preparing the site for installation of the first crown
As a rule, it is enough to level the blocks on top with a layer of mortar 3–5 cm thick, reinforced with a steel masonry mesh. When building from heat-insulating foam blocks, an armored belt is required. Reinforced concrete reinforcement is also desirable if the building is being erected on problematic soils - it will greatly reduce the likelihood of cracks appearing in the stone walls above the openings.
Open crossbars made of massive timber and rafters with figured sawn ends will emphasize the building’s closeness to the architectural tradition. For such structures, it is advisable to use laminated wood, which is not subject to warping and cracking.
Preparing the first crown
When building from logs, the bottom of the casing crown is flattened to the width of a little more than the inter-crown groove, and then the resulting plane is planed evenly. The first crown must be treated twice with an antiseptic. If used, it is advisable to cut off the locking protrusions from its lower surface. The backing board should only be made of larch.
Anchoring
Is it necessary to fasten the casing crown to the top rows of masonry with anchors (mortgage pins)? Overall, this will, of course, increase the strength and rigidity of the house frame. However, calculations and practice show that labor-intensive anchoring can be done without - from the point of view of wind resistance of the building frame, it is not necessary.
Waterproofing
Stone masonry, even at a height of more than 2.5 m from the ground, is moistened by slanting rain, so it is necessary to lay it between it and the casing. It also performs the function of a sealant - crumpling under the weight of the timber (logs), it compensates for minor irregularities and prevents the joint from blowing through. Optimal waterproofing is fiberglass impregnated with bitumen. The thickness of the material should be at least 5 mm, it should be glued to the base with mastic.
Interfloor overlap
Most often, overlap is arranged according to wooden beams, which are laid on the projections of the walls of the first floor. A reinforced concrete slab floor (prefabricated or monolithic) must be erected before the assembly of the wooden part of the house begins. In this case, the slab should be thermally insulated along the contour.
When installing a box from laminated veneer lumber can be used different types corner joints - traditional bowl (a), dovetail (b) or hidden key (c); the choice depends on the configuration of the building and the customer’s wishes for the appearance of the facades. As a rule, the first crown is placed on a backing board made of antiseptic larch
Combined turnkey houses: choosing a contractor
There are specialized and generalist companies in the construction industry. The former work with a specific group of materials, while maintaining a clear division into “masons” and “carpenters”. The latter, as a rule, enter into informal subcontracting agreements with small specialized firms and private teams. By contacting a universal company, you will get rid of the need to look for craftsmen and organize construction.
Another way involves independent contact with an architect and specialized companies, one of which, as a rule, is tasked with building the foundation and first floor, and the other with building a wooden floor and covering it with a roof. With this approach, it is almost always possible to ensure higher speed and quality of construction. But we must not neglect the conclusion of formal contracts, which should spell out the warranty obligations of the companies. The contract with the “masons” should include a clause on supervision of the installation of the separating layer and the first crown.
A combined house is a building that was built using different materials- in load-bearing structures or finishing. The construction of such cottages for housing has been practiced since ancient times, an example of which is the traditional Scandinavian chalet with a ground floor made of stone and wooden attic. The Bronze Horseman company offers modern options construction of turnkey combined houses - projects for implementation in suburban developments in Moscow, St. Petersburg and regions of Russia.
Types of combined houses
Every construction material has its pros and cons. Stone is strong but heavy, wood is lighter and more favorable for humans, but susceptible to rotting, etc. Building a house from different types materials aims to make the most advantageous use of the advantages and minimize the disadvantages of each of them. In modern architecture, combination is also used to give the building a unique appearance, used in the implementation of original design ideas.
Taking into account all types of combinations and their features, 3 types of combined house construction projects can be distinguished:
- Combining different materials of load-bearing and enclosing structures (for example: the basement and first floor are made of brick, and attic floor based frame technologies covered with cladding boards);
- The so-called “conditionally combined” buildings, in which brick and wood are combined when performing the corresponding elements ( wooden floors And rafter system for a building made of aerated concrete or brick);
- With a diverse facade finishing(plaster and lining, wood and natural stone).
Project selection
Projects of combined houses and cottages are placed in the catalog taking into account the convenience of their selection and comparison. To help site users, 2 filters have been installed in this category:
- Highlights projects that have a combination of finishes. Using a material of a different texture or color, a fireplace chimney placed in the exterior, rustications, or individual elements in the form of decorative inserts can be decorated.
- Shows a whole series of combined houses (category “European houses” with the exception of the Scandinavian style).
We will help you design a home individually or build a turnkey combined house for a minimal price - the cost of work includes only the proposed equipment, without additional options or surcharges.