Parapet definition. What is a parapet and is it possible to make it yourself? Analysis of the condition and choice of method for strengthening the parapet. Required material for laying a parapet

Every person strives to improve their home and surrounding space. Of course, in this case, construction work cannot be avoided. But, as everyone knows, some participants in the structures being built are subject to negative influence environment. These areas include:

• projections;
• fence walls;
• window openings from the outside;
• foundations.

A parapet can be used to protect these areas from adverse effects. A parapet is a kind of continuous wall of small height that can protect the parapet from a variety of mechanical damage and various environmental influences.

Application of a parapet

Parapets are also installed on flat or pitched roofs. It can also perform decorative function. This structure must be installed in a place where people are expected to stay. According to building codes, the minimum parapet height should be from 45 to 120 cm. An apron is often installed on top of the structure, which protects it from destruction.

Material for making a parapet

Parapets are made from various materials: concrete blocks, brick, monolithic reinforced concrete and metal. Metal is more common in our country. Such structures can be quickly and easily installed. Such metal structures are made of galvanized steel, which is a reliable and functional material. A parapet structure of this type has quite long term operation. There are parapets made of copper, which is highly durable. This type of design will not make you think about replacing the structure with a new one.

Parapet installation

Installing a parapet is a responsible task. Attention: many masters do not recommend trusting this process to an amateur. After all, this other thing has many nuances - for example, the correct installation of the parapet assembly - part of the structure that is adjacent to the wall. After all, the installation of this section will be responsible for the reliability and efficiency of the structure as a whole.

Today, parapet structures are actively used on the external slopes of windows (they are called external window sills, ebbs). External window sills have a flat profile. Their main task is to protect window slopes from the influence of various adverse environmental factors. Such castings are made of metal: aluminum or galvanized steel.

Types of parapets

You should decide in advance on the type of parapet. Exist:

• a flat parapet that has a smooth surface and drip edges set to the side.
• parapet structure of a flat shape with a rectangular drip. This type has a rectangular bend at the bottom. This ensures a high-quality and reliable fit between the structure and the mounted surface.
• parapet structure with two slopes. It is used mainly to protect fence walls from various damages.
• parapet with two slopes and a rectangular drip edge. It is highly reliable.
• The “ridge” parapet is distinguished by a lower fastening, which is covered by a canopy on top.
• a complex parapet that includes a water drain that can flow in two directions. This type of parapet is the most reliable and durable, due to the installation features of the parapet assembly.

If you are determined to build your home with a fashionable and functional flat roof, then it's time to think carefully about its enclosure! This way, the open area at a height will be safe, comfortable and suitable even for children’s games. Moreover, the roof parapet will simultaneously play an important aesthetic role, giving the exterior of the building a complete, logical and stylish look.

You will be surprised to learn how many types of parapets exist, what design masterpieces are made from them, and which option is most suitable for you!

So, let's start with what exactly is called a parapet on the roof, and what it should be like. In essence, this is a low perimeter fence, which is installed not only on roofs, but also on terraces, balconies, bridges and even embankments. The parapet is rightfully considered one of the architectural elements of buildings, because it is always visible, even from afar.

Rain and melt water often falls not only on the eaves, but also on the attics and walls, which are gradually filled with moisture. After some time, the surface begins to crumble and the masonry begins to collapse. It is precisely to protect the walls that parapets are installed.

The profiles themselves are often used as lightning rods. To do this, they are grounded; the profiles themselves are selected from fairly thick metal with a seam or clamp connection, high-temperature soldering, welding or threaded connections. But in Russia there is no official permission to use a metal parapet as a lightning rod yet, as in many other countries.

What exactly is a lightning rod? This is a metal part that intercepts the lightning discharge and does not allow the structure to come into contact with the high-temperature channel. And any lightning rod must include three main elements: a lightning receiver, a down conductor and grounding.

According to Russian legislation, a lightning rod can be made of steel, aluminum or copper with a thickness of 50, 70 and 35 mm2, respectively, and a minimum thickness of at least 0.5 mm.

At the same time, neither a layer of plastic up to 1 mm, nor a layer of anti-corrosion paint or even an asphalt coating up to 0.5 mm serve as an obstacle to lightning. In principle, a metal parapet meets these requirements if there is no flammable material underneath it. building structure. But often it is made from other materials too:

Types and types of roof railings

You have probably noticed that most often the edges of a flat roof are trimmed with metal profiles in the form of attics. This is necessary in order to effectively separate rainwater from the walls, protect the roofing material from mechanical damage and provide the most reliable waterproofing to the parapet.

You will be interested to know that in Western countries the shape of the parapet profile is not chosen based on economic considerations or design ideas - everything is dictated by codes of construction work.

The parapet profiles themselves can be load-bearing or non-load-bearing. If they are mounted on special, corrosion-resistant fasteners and brackets, these are load-bearing systems. The profile itself must be of sufficient thickness, from 1.25 mm, and resistant to any wind.

But non-load-bearing profiles are attached to auxiliary and supporting structures. They are much thinner, from only 0.4 to 0.8 mm, and are made of anti-corrosion metal, as well as wood. The compensation strip is glued below the main profile.

The main requirement for the corners and joints of the parapet is water resistance. Therefore, the edging fasteners are always mounted flush. A tWhere metal edging is glued to the edges of the roof, the overlap width should be 120 mm or more, and all joints should be waterproof.

If in the process of arranging the parapet you have to install elements longer than 3 meters, then additional structures will be needed.

In total, the thickness of the metal directly depends on the purpose of the parapet:

To solve a problem of any complexity, companies today offer a large selection: parapets of various shapes, corners, decorative strips and special elements for fixation.

The main requirement for a parapet is that the edging must be located at a slope to the horizontal surface and be equipped with a cornice.

Technical requirements and building standards

With a minimum or zero angle of inclination, the metal parapet is able to withstand increased atmospheric loads.

Modern parapets are made of copper, aluminum and titanium-zinc. Depending on the material of manufacture, the method of connecting the profile is selected: riveting, double seam, welding and high- or low-temperature soldering.

For a copper profile, it is necessary to install a cornice with a size of 50 mm or more. Separately, we also note titanium-zinc, which has its own installation rules: installation with a slope of at least 3°, and up to 15° you need to lay a separating layer with a drainage function.

In Russia they are rare, but there are still wooden parapets. Naturally, it is also necessary to install a cover on top of them, but this time with an anti-condensation super-diffuse membrane. To do this, you need to install strips on which the top covering will be attached. Next, a part of the membrane is laid on the corner.

Now metal strips are also installed on the sides of the parapet, which will protect the tree. From metal sheet(in this case titanium-zinc is suitable) make a lid:

To connect parapet profiles end-to-end, you need a standing, double or lying seam, as well as overlay strips. Abroad, some rules for arranging a parapet recommend connecting the attic corners by welding, or cutting out the attic corners from a single sheet, while others say that only internal corners should be made from two parts. In a word, to some extent, both options are acceptable.

The main thing is to take into account the linear expansion and contraction of the metal, because the parapet is located in the open air, and of all the house structures it heats up the most in the heat and rapidly loses temperature in the cold.

Therefore, if you fix the roof parapet too rigidly, for example, using a standing seam, or directly place metal profiles on the edge of the roof, then distortion of the material cannot be avoided.

This is why, if the standing seam technique has already been used, it is also necessary to use overlapping joint strips and expansion joints:

Arranging a parapet on a residential building

Additional supporting and auxiliary structures are made from steel, aluminum and wooden profiles. If you prefer wood, the bars should be at least 30 mm thick, plus treat them with bio- and fire retardants.

If you consider metal substructures more reliable, then take a steel profile or stainless aluminum. Ideally, it will be the same metal as the parapet, otherwise consider the compatibility of such materials.

By the way, in Russia most often parapets are simply glued together. For this purpose, special adhesives are produced for fixation. metal products to almost any surface. Those. the parapet, cornice and flashing can be securely fixed to a concrete, wooden or brick surface.

For this purpose, most often they are laid on the load-bearing base of the roof perimeter. moisture resistant plywood and secure it. This base for the parapet is almost ideal, and the metal is secured with glue from Enke. This method, unlike others, allows not only to achieve a flat surface and provide the necessary noise reduction in the wind.

By the way, the simplest option for arranging a parapet is to cover it with mastic or modern liquid rubber:

Methods of attaching a parapet roof

It is recommended to make parapets from a metal profile and install them with a slope of 3° towards the roof. In this case, the height of the parapet and the extension beyond the roof depend on the height of the building. There is such a thing as the height of a parapet roof.

Let's look at each type of parapet roof fastening.

Method number 1. Crutches

We are talking about special products made from steel strip 40-60 mm wide and 4-5 mm thick. These strips are welded into a T-shaped profile, which is quite labor-intensive, but the most practical, because this increases the contact area.

But crutches have such disadvantages as low corrosion resistance, which is why rusty streaks appear on building facades, plus the need for a large number of point fastenings. And this leads to loosening of fasteners, tearing off of the profile when strong wind and frequent need for repairs.

The main requirement for installing crutches is tightness:

Method number 2. False planks

The parapet roof is also secured to false planks made of stainless and galvanized steel with a thickness of at least 1 mm. This method requires welding, but is more reliable in windy conditions, because here the entire load is evenly distributed over all corners.

Method No. 3. overlap

This is the simplest and most affordable profile, but it is far from the most airtight. It can only be used with a ventilated base and a profile width of up to 300 mm. An additional fastening for finishing is installed on the planks themselves and, upon completion of installation, the tightness of the entire parapet is carefully checked.

Method number 4. Pasting

For parapet widths of 600 mm or more, parapet covers are glued to the base in combination with T-profiles or false strips. This type of fastening is most resistant to wind load and moisture, because there is already an additional layer of waterproofing - glue. Glue based on rubber, bitumen and polyurethane fills the pores of the base.

In combination with gluing and false strips, a UDS connector and a backing profile are also used.

Here's another one good example where gluing is used:

Only gluing helps when foam is used as a parapet roof. This method is often resorted to when the parapet itself is a continuation of the load-bearing wall of the house, and then it can serve as a cold bridge. Even more: condense moisture!

Here's how to make such a roof:

• Step 1. Connect the planks at the corner joint using assembly adhesive.
• Step 2. Also place the foam strips themselves on the glue, and cut off the excess from the street side.
• Step 3. Stitch excess foam from the top and sweep away any debris.
• Step 4. Cover the inner and outer corners with electrical tape and apply foam on top.
• Step 5. Cut the roofing membrane into pieces of the desired size, and apply it over the foam.
• Step 6: Carefully seal all seams.
• Step 7: Hand smooth the entire surface.

Here's what the process looks like:

Method No. 5. Single or double fold

Single rebate is one of the most popular methods, which is suitable for profile widths up to 450 mm and ventilated spaces.

Double rebate is recommended for parapet widths of 600 mm and above and for ventilated spaces. Another type of fastening with such initial data is prohibited, because here temperature fluctuations and additional stresses easily arise, and, as a result, the nodes become loose.

Method number 6. Installation in internal or external strip

This method is suitable when adhesive connection, the presence of a ventilated base and a profile width of up to 600 mm.

Method No. 7. Laying a waterproofing membrane

One of the most reliable ways to protect a parapet is to wrap it with a PVC membrane. This must be done in such a way that the PVC membrane either extends 80-100 mm onto the horizontal surface, or onto the outer surface of the parapet:

• Step 1. First of all, you need to secure it with a metal strip.
• Step 2. Cut the metal strip to the required length and fix it to the parapet.
• Step 3. Secure the membrane strip to the parapet between the metal strips.
• Step 4. Lay membrane tape over the parapet.
• Step 5. Cut special corners from the membrane and secure them using stitching rollers and a welding machine.
• Step 6. Using the same tools, process all the edges and folds of the membrane.
• Step 7. Lay the canvases at the bottom of the parapet in two layers.
• Step 8. Cover all corners additionally.

This membrane can be left just like the rest on the roof surface, or it can be additionally covered with metal covers:

Let us also mention the modern fashion of using a flat roof with a parapet for practical purposes, arranging recreation areas and additional open space for personal tasks. In this case, a special glass fence is attached to the parapet:

This is the technology for constructing, protecting and waterproofing the parapet of a residential building. Study! And if you have any questions, ask them in the comments to the article.

Fencing a balcony, the roof of a building, a bridge, an embankment, etc. In some cases, it is used as a decorative artistic element.

View value Parapet in other dictionaries

Parapet- parapet, m. (from the Greek para - against and petomai - flying). 1. A fence, a railing along something, a fence that protects against falling. bridge. There is a parapet along the edge of the roof. 2. Cover protecting……..
Dictionary Ushakova

Parapet- m. railings, handrails, balustrades, balusters, fences, low walls; | military low cover, stone, earthen, from shots.
Dahl's Explanatory Dictionary

Parapet M.- 1. A low wall enclosing a balcony, bridge, embankment, roof of a building, etc. 2. A low stone wall that served as a parapet on the fortress walls.
Explanatory Dictionary by Efremova

Parapet- -A; m.
1. A low wall, a fence along something. P. balcony. P.

What is the purpose of the parapet on the roof?

roofs. Granite parapets of the Neva.
2. Military outdated Shaft for protection from enemy bullets, cannonballs and……..
Kuznetsov's Explanatory Dictionary

Parapet- (French parapet - from Italian parapetto), a low solid wall running along the edge of a roof, terrace, balcony, along an embankment, bridge (as a barrier); on the crest of the dam,……..
Large encyclopedic dictionary

Parapet- - fencing, low solid wall on the edge of a roof, embankment, balcony, terrace, on the crest of a dam, dam, jetty, etc.
Historical Dictionary

Parapet- (from French parapet, Italian parapetto, from parare – to protect and petto – chest) – a fence, railing or low solid wall running along the edge of a roof, terrace, balcony, along a bridge, embankment……..
Architectural Dictionary

PARAPET- PARAPET, -a, m. Low barrier wall, railing. P. bridge. || adj. parapet, oh, oh.
Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

Crenellated parapet- Battlements are the completion of the walls of fortresses, feudal castles, individual towers, an element of a fortification structure covering the defenders. Combat slots on the teeth and……..
Architectural Dictionary

View Wikipedia article for Parapet

Translate Parapet into language:

The word “parapet” is of French-Italian origin; its literal translation would be “to protect the chest.”

Roof parapet: what is it and how is it designed?

In the construction industry, the term “parapet” means a small fence (wall) along the perimeter of the roof of a building (both residential and public). In other words, this is a kind of continuation of the walls that protrude above the roof level. Such a barrier structure is intended for both flat and pitched roofs.

Types of parapet and its functions

Experts distinguish several types of parapet depending on the building structure:

• flat (with a flat surface, additionally equipped with drips for water drainage);
• ridge (covered with an additional visor);
• complex (ridge with built-in drips, tucked under the visor);
• simple or gable;
• figured (in the shape of a railing).

Read also: Detailed description ondulina

The choice of the shape of the parapet fence depends on its functional purpose. Let's consider the main functions of a parapet for the roofs of any buildings:

1. Protective:
2. from roof coverings being torn off by strong gusts of wind;
3. from fire in the event of a fire in a neighboring building;
4. from free precipitation to preserve the integrity of the roof.
5. Decorative – for individualization design solution(decorated with decorative elements in the form of stucco molding, figured overlays, etc.).

Depending on the material of manufacture, such fences can be brick or metal.

Material for the manufacture of parapet fencing on the roof

For roofs of public buildings, the parapet must be made of metal materials:

• steel – stainless, galvanized or with special powder coating (to increase service life and give the required color shade);
• copper;
• various alloys (provided for by the relevant building codes) - aluminum, finished metal profiles.

The thickness of the metal structure should be from 3 mm. In addition, it is coated with a layer of special paint to prevent corrosion. Also, these structures require to be equipped with struts and racks, since they are attached to the roof with their help.

Such a parapet, used on the roof, combines both main functions - both protective and aesthetic.

Brick is most often used in the construction of residential buildings. A parapet from this material is built directly during the construction of the house itself. Features of brick fencing are:

• small height;
• metal apron;
• a groove for installing a roofing covering, which is fixed with a special strip.

Concrete blocks and monolithic reinforced concrete can also be used to create a parapet.

Features of installing a parapet on the roof

Russian construction is subject to special construction norms and rules, which are adopted by local executive authorities in the form of technical regulations - SNiPs. According to these standard standards, the height of the parapets can be different - 60 centimeters, 90 centimeters, 1 meter 20 centimeters. These criteria depend on the roof slope and the height of the eaves:

• if the slope is up to 12%, the height of the parapet fence on the roof is allowed to exceed 10 meters;
• if the slope exceeds 12%, then the parapet can be more than 7 meters.

Such norms are provided fire safety for flat roofs, balconies and loggias, as well as open flights of stairs, etc.

Read also: What is better to choose for the roof: metal tiles or corrugated sheets

SNiP also provides for a number of nuances in the construction of a parapet fence on the roof:

1. For industrial buildings with internal gutters, a parapet is needed with a height of up to 60 centimeters with additional fencing in the form of a lattice from the surface of the roof itself.
2. For residential apartment buildings– height from 1 m 20 centimeters (with handrails for stairs from 90 centimeters).
3. For public (administrative) buildings - from 90 centimeters.

In all cases, the parapet fence must be continuous and flights of stairs with handrails capable of withstanding horizontal loads of more than 0.3 kN/m.

Before installing a parapet on the roof, experts recommend paying attention to the following essential points:

• selection of high-quality materials (otherwise the operation of such a fence will be relatively short-lived);
• the ability to use climbing equipment when the house is over three floors high (or call a professional high-rise installer);
• the need for mandatory two-layer waterproofing, consisting of a layer of bitumen and a layer of roofing material (in modern construction it is possible to use roofing felt instead polymer materials, characterized by a longer service life).

Read also: Which is better ondulin or metal tiles

And finally, experts recommend watching a special video on installing a parapet fence to get acquainted: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=abAxyDdbXI4.

The parapet is presented in the form of a fence located on flat or pitched roofs and ensuring safe movement on them during repair work. Parapet designs can be anything and depend directly on construction requirements. So, what are parapets for, and how to install them correctly?

A correctly assembled roof parapet fencing reliably protects the roof from the wind, which can even cause deformation and tearing of the covering during strong gusts. The aesthetic purpose of the parapet is no less important - it improves the roof of high-rise buildings, and hides air conditioning units and other communications under it.

High-rise buildings must have an apron against precipitation made of galvanized steel sheets, metal profiles, concrete slabs, copper caps. In construction practice, brick parapets are in high demand - they are laid on top of the finished roofing. The height of such a parapet should be at least 0.5 m, and inside it there will be a roofing carpet, on top of which a special pressure strip is laid - as can be seen in the photo. To improve the strength of the structure, masonry can be made with wooden or metal reinforcing parts. Installation of metal handrails is a mandatory procedure, then due to them the height of the parapet will be at least 1.2 m.

Assembling the parapet structure

A metal parapet is mounted quite simply - from the main part, the so-called shelf, and figured or straight bends located at 90 degrees.

Rules for the parapet:

• parapets of at least 1.2 m are installed on the roofs in use;
• on an unused flat roof of a building that is lower than 10 m, a decorative metal fence can perform the function of a parapet; the absence of any fencing at all is also acceptable; if the building is higher than 10 m, then the parapet must be installed;
• where there is a junction soft roof to the parapet, a waterproofing carpet is laid, and special crutches are used for fastening (for more details: “How to connect the roof to the parapet - arranging knots in practice”);
• if PVC material or a TPO membrane is laid as a roof covering, then an additional waterproofing carpet will be required to fix the drip line;
• if parapets made of galvanized steel higher than 45 cm are installed, then it is necessary to have a protective apron, on top of which a pressing metal strip is attached to self-tapping screws and all joints are sealed (read also: “Roof flashings”).

Coating the parapet with copper, see video in detail:

Carrying out installation work

To build a parapet you need to prepare in advance:

• required amount bricks and mortar for their laying;
• metal fittings;
• clamping bars;
• to cover the parapet assembly of a flat roof, there must be an apron (read: “How the parapet assembly on the roof is constructed”);
• waterproofing material;
• metal caps;
• material and tools for fastening.

The work is carried out after complete installation of the floors and the main roof covering. The laying of each row requires reinforcement with steel rods, and their height should not be less than 50 cm, otherwise it will be necessary to install additional fences (for more details: “The height of the roof fence - what you need to know”).

Parapet on the roof - all methods of high-quality finishing in a photo review!

Upon completion of the work, a smooth connection of the enclosing elements and the roof is made. To do this, the roofing covering is attached at an angle of 45 degrees to the sand-cement mortar, then two layers of roofing material are placed on top of it, and the entire system is coated with a bitumen compound. Remember that the junction of the roof to the parapet must be carefully processed - the quality of the entire structure depends on this (for more details: “The junction of the roof to the wall - installation”).

As soon as everything dries, the waterproofing needs to be fixed with self-tapping screws, a pressure strip and an apron must be installed. Caps can be different: flat, gable, decorative, but, regardless of the choice, they are also attached with self-tapping screws. A galvanized parapet and other similar roof railings are installed in a similar way.

The design, despite its great importance in creating a safe roof, is quite simple to install. The basic rules for installing elements should be observed; the most important of them are the connection of the roof to the parapet and high-quality fastening.

Let us remind you that parapets are required during the construction and renovation of high-rise buildings (more than 10 m); in other situations, you can get by with decorative metal handrails.

What is a parapet

Safety on the street, at work and at home is the main requirement for full life. The construction industry is actively assisting in this matter together with employees of housing utilities and executive authorities, since the level of accidents on roads and roofs is beyond the acceptable limits. Building builders and road pavers combat this problem with parapets.

Building parapet what is it

The word itself came to us with French"parapet" and also given word also exists in Italian, which is defined as “elevated wall.” In our everyday language, a parapet refers to an extended wall on roofs and roads that serves a safety function against falls and accidents, like a handrail on a bridge, roofs, stairs and elevated areas. Often, when constructing private houses, between the second and first floors they are used to create a recreation area, instead of a balcony, because the parapet allows in this case to expand the space. In other cases, it narrows the space and somewhat limits it.

According to SNiP, the installation of parapets is necessary for roofs:

• with a height of over 10 m (up to the cornice) and a slope of up to 12%;
• with a height of more than 7 m and a slope of more than 12%;

History of the development of parapets in buildings

The parapet was first used in the construction of buildings at the end of the 15th century AD in France in the town of Stibulein. Later, this idea was picked up by Greece, Spain and Italy. Türkiye decorated the parapets of the building with national and religious patterns and designs. Starting from the twentieth century, there was an intense “spurt” in the development of the auto industry, which introduced many rules and adjustments to the rules of public behavior on the roads. Thus, traffic rules appeared. The main rule on the road has always been considered to be the safety of life of pedestrians and drivers. And bridges, uneven paths in contact with the sidewalk, posed a huge danger to society. At high speed, the car often ended up in a pond, stakes, or river due to the fact that there were no restrictive elements on the roads. For this purpose, curbs and roadside barriers were invented. In order to eliminate accidents on buildings and multi-storey buildings, since the 1950s in the USSR, architects have necessarily used this element of “insurance” on the roofs of buildings and balconies. To this day, builders and architects adhere to this construction rule. And also on balconies and bridges they use railings, which are also a subtype of parapet.

What types of building parapets are there:

1. flat, their surface is completely flat, they are equipped with droppers responsible for draining water, which are placed in opposite directions;
2. ridges, which are attached from below and covered with a visor;
3. complex, the water in them is discharged from two different sides, and the drips are bent under the visor;
4. simple, having two slopes;
5. curly, resembling a railing in appearance.

Types of parapet

• Fence;
• Fundamental;
• For roof and roofing;
• Curb;
• Roadside.

The fence most often has some kind of ornament or design, since it ends with the structure of the fence. The use of forged metal fencing not only decorates the external shape of the fence, but also ensures the safety of property and does not intrude into private territory.

The foundation strengthens the structure and provides an additional area of ​​space for use for waterproofing purposes. This type is also often used in children's playgrounds: in sandboxes and play areas. In this case, the parapet reflects the role of the border playground. When constructing professional swimming pools, they must create a parapet to it, which helps to retain the water of the pool.

Curb and roadside differ only in height, but in general, both are performed on highways and on roads. The curb protects pedestrians from car collisions with the sidewalk, and the roadside protects the car from dangerous sections of the road: a bridge, a cliff, a sharp and dangerous descent, a faulty road. The traffic rules indicate places where the parapet on the road must be in good working order and equipped with special night vision lights.

Parapet manufacturing methods

The parapet is made from almost any building material. For office buildings, a lightweight construction of metal pipes coated with plastic or glass is usually used. Safety regulations require that the parapet on the roof of a building be at least 0.60 cm in height. On an unsafe roof, the design of metal pipes ensures safety on the roof.

Another fairly common form is considered to be a forged parapet made of metal products: this type of manufacturing not only looks aesthetically pleasing, but also has the longest service life. Forged products are made from stainless material. The most common type is made from bricks or concrete mass. This type is considered the most accessible, economical, with material point sight, and easy to build. It just requires regular maintenance appearance using special solutions and paints. This type is used in the construction of roads and private houses.

For the roof and roofing, the parapet is used mainly in the construction of high-rise buildings, since the roof is unsafe for residents and surrounding people, and also to organize the vault Wastewater. Typically, this type of parapet has special plinths with a sewer hole for sewerage.

It is best to entrust the fastening and structure of the parapet to professionals, despite the fact that it is not so difficult to remove it yourself. The whole problem is the quality and safety of the fastening. Mainly companies specializing in installation work carry out fastening and installation of parapets on any part of the building. They also provide a guarantee of the safety of this work and insurance. Thanks to special fastenings, this type of work is performed with the main goal of protecting people from accidents.

What is a parapet: definition, standards and types

What is a parapet? In order to clarify this concept, it is necessary to turn to construction topics. This is a wall that encloses the roof of a building, its walls, a balcony and additional forms of architectural structures.

It is worth considering in more detail what it is - a roof parapet. This design is a fence in order to avoid an unexpected fall of a person, as well as to protect the building from various climatic conditions.

To answer the question “the parapet of a building - what is it?”, it is necessary to study the construction topic again. First of all, this is a guarantee of safety, security, and in some cases also an interesting design solution.

Analysis of the condition and choice of method for strengthening the parapet. Required material for laying a parapet

In order to clarify what a parapet is, it is necessary to conduct a qualitative analysis of it. In order for the subsequently installed fencing to serve for a long time and with high quality, it is worth noting several main details that you need to pay attention to:

• The first thing to examine is the presence of visible damage. And also evaluate the condition of old fasteners.
• It is also worth considering the quality of previously used materials. And design features in general.
• It is necessary to take into account the fact that it will not be possible to independently assess the condition of the balcony. This requires permission from the Housing Office commission. After all, such a structure is technically located in a public place. And if the load is unacceptable, it can lead to unforeseen, dangerous consequences.

It should be noted the parameters that are recommended for installing a parapet according to GOST 25772-83. It is specified that the height should be 1 meter in buildings that have no more than 10 floors. When the building is higher than 30 meters, the fence should be at least 1.1 meters.

After carrying out all the necessary measurements and checks, it is necessary to choose a strengthening method, based on what a parapet is and what types of it exist. There are several types of suitable materials.

Metal parapet reinforcement

This method is suitable for leaving the balcony open or installing cold glazing. If the parapet is in sufficiently strong condition, it simply needs to be reinforced with metal corners in the necessary places. When the deterioration of an object is at its maximum level, then the structure is simply completely replaced with a new one. Using welding and fastening to the wall. This option is quite stable in terms of weather conditions, changing seasons, and operation.

Strengthening the parapet with foam blocks

Another common option for strengthening the structure is the use of foam blocks. This modern version, which is distinguished by its strength, heat resistance, and sound insulation. This material is environmentally friendly and durable.

It is worth noting the optimal price for this product. It is cheaper than many analogues, but this does not affect its quality. It is worth noting the positive qualities of the foam block:

• The first thing to note is its fire resistance.
• Its environmentally friendly components can also be considered an advantage. It is not a threat to the environment or human health.
• They note a fairly long service life. The material is durable.
• Reinforcement with foam blocks can be done without specific skills. It is enough to have an idea about this process. But for the quality of the work performed, it is recommended to use the services of professionals.

It is necessary to consider the main technical features strengthening the parapet when using foam blocks.

First you need to calculate and measure the parameters of the object in relation to the window openings. It is also necessary to lay an insulating layer on the balcony slab. When working with foam blocks, you need to use a level to accurate calculation. Holes in the outer wall must be repaired by drilling. It is required to use adhesive (capable of connecting dissimilar substances) plaster. The outer side is usually sheathed with galvanized sheets or siding.

Insulation of balcony parapet

Due to changing weather conditions, it is necessary to insulate the parapet. This happens in order to avoid cold getting into your own home, as well as to preserve the items stored on the balcony. The main option is complete thermal insulation. It concerns not only the above object, but also the floor, ceiling, and walls. Most often, sheet materials are used for this process, which are divided into polystyrene foam, penoplex, ready-made panels, and sometimes mineral wool. If a foam block was used to strengthen the structure, then insulation should be carried out from the inside. It is worth considering the process points in detail:

• Penofol must be applied to the inside of the parapet using self-tapping screws.
• In order to reduce material consumption and speed up the work process, it is necessary to construct a sheathing. It is assembled from several bars placed vertically and horizontally, which helps reduce the amount of time for measurements.
• Then you need to cut the insulation into pieces of a certain size. And lay it in the sheathing.
• Fill the seams with foam. Remove excess after complete drying.

It is worth noting that due to the fact that the balcony, by its design, protrudes beyond the boundaries of the house, its complete insulation is quite difficult to achieve. If we talk about the loggia, then complete insulation is possible here, due to the fact that the object is located inside the building.

Technical specifications

What is a parapet, definition of the concept and its technical specifications It is worth considering in more detail to know the technology of possible installation.

For a process such as strengthening, it is necessary to comply with all established standards. Especially if the work is carried out independently, without the intervention of specialists. It is worth adhering to the instructions of SNiP dated January 31, 2003, where paragraph 8.3 specifies the height of the parapet in meters. It is required that the fences be continuous, without interruptions. Loads are calculated at a rate of at least 0.3 kN/m. This is required to insulate the parapet.

Balcony parapet cladding

Knowing the definition of what a parapet is, it will not be difficult to properly cover it.

For its high-quality insulation, it is customary to use the following materials: siding, corrugated sheeting, plaster - the most popular of them. There are several options for cladding the structure: internal and external. First you need to consider the option from the outside.

Siding is most often used for this process. Its advantages are ease of use, relatively low price, the ability to choose various options colors and shades. When choosing a material for cladding the outside of a balcony, you can turn to a specialist for help, and there is also the option to come up with your own design.

Concerning interior decoration, then this is a definite completion of restoration work that relates to insulation, reinforcement and cladding of the balcony and loggia. It can be done using certain materials:

• PVC panels.
• Drywall that needs to be painted after installation.
• Wooden lining.

IN in some cases Decorative stone or tiles can be used. But these materials are quite expensive in cost. They are not easy to install, since this process requires certain skills. Decorative rock looks very beautiful, aesthetically pleasing, expensive. But at the same time it is difficult to apply, it is very whimsical in everyday life. Requires some care.

If we talk about tiles, they also look beautiful. Its weight plays an important role. This material is quite massive, which is why it is necessary to correctly calculate the volumes and structure of the parapet so that the tiles do not cause damage to it and do not jeopardize the entire concept of the structure.

If we talk about what a standard parapet is, then it may not be suitable for modern glazing. It is worth paying special attention to the special opening designed for window blocks.

conclusions

In general, if you answer the question, parapets - what are they, then they are an integral part of any modern structure. It serves to protect and improve the building.

Parapets - what are they? Parapet height. Parapet: photo

Most elements of buildings are difficult to imagine without such components as parapets. Is this a functional element or just a means of decoration? First of all, it is still an important detail that allows you to protect the roof, fences, walls, foundation, window openings from the outside from various mechanical damage and the negative effects of environmental factors. What is the meaning of the word parapet? This is the side of a small wall or fence along something.

A little more detail.

This element is a solid wall, for the manufacture of which metal is most often used, for example, galvanized steel. Firstly, it is resistant to corrosion. Secondly, it is reliable in operation, so the parapet will last much longer. Thirdly, a modern parapet (the photo confirms this) can be of very different shapes and functional purposes. At the same time, it is important to choose a design that will not change the appearance of the building and can become its important element.

What types?

The design of any building and structure will be incomplete if the parapets are not properly equipped. We have already understood that this is an important functional part of any design. Now let's figure out what types of parapets exist:

1. A flat parapet is a flat surface on which drips are spread out to the sides.
2. Flat design with a rectangular drip. It is more reliable in attachment to the surface.
3. The simplest parapet has two slopes and is used to protect fence walls from the effects of precipitation.
4. The ridge parapet is distinguished by the presence of a lower fastening, which is covered with a visor on top.
5. The complex design consists of two drips, and the water will flow in two directions. These are the most durable parapets today.

That this additional product significantly improves the appearance of a house or structure is immediately apparent from the photographs. At the same time, it is used both for decorating a roof or staircase, and for arranging a terrace or balcony.

Roof, Foundation and Fence Solutions

Parapets for the foundation are span strips, thanks to which the base will be protected from moisture. This design has a main part, bends and droppers. They are made of galvanized steel, which means that their service life will be long. The parapet is created in such a way that attention is not focused on it, but at the same time the structure is reliably protected.

The roof parapet is a continuous strip that serves to enclose the roof. As a rule, the most vulnerable place of any house is the junction of the roof and the facade, and it is thanks to the parapet that it is possible to protect it from the negative effects of atmospheric phenomena. In the standard version, the roofing parapet consists of a main part, bends that are located at an angle to the main plank, and side drips through which water is drained.

Why do you need a fence?

Most often, parapets are mounted on the roofing system, as well as along the edges of terraces and balconies as a fence. If the roof is flat or pitched, then parapets are installed only if their height reaches 10 meters: this will protect a person from falling, for example, during work. In addition to its direct protective function, the parapet is also needed to give the building an attractive appearance. In this case, the form and execution of this element should be chosen in accordance with the style and architectural decision adopted for the design of the house. The following requirements apply to parapets:

1. The height for operated roofs must be at least 1.2 m.
2. If the flat roof is not in use, you can do without a parapet and replace it, for example, with a decorative metal fence.
3. The parapet assembly (that is, the place where it meets the roof) must be reliably waterproofed and strengthened.
4. A roof parapet with a height of 45 cm or more must be equipped with a protective apron, which is usually secured with a metal nut.

Installation features

At its core, installing a parapet is not difficult, but it is still better to entrust this work to professionals. The quality of the waterproofing of the structure depends on the quality of installation. If you do not take into account that various parapets have their own installation characteristics, and that this fencing must be reliable and of high quality, then the walls and ceiling on the balcony, for example, will get wet, which means that certain difficulties will arise in operation, which will lead to the need for repairs.

What about the balcony?

On a balcony, a parapet is necessary not only for safety reasons. For example, you decided to install double-glazed windows in this room, but previously there were simple frames. Most likely, in this case, the balcony parapet will have to be enlarged so that installation plastic structures was of high quality, and the window was installed hermetically and tightly. Most often this area on the balcony is made of concrete, metal or wooden beam, and in their own way technical specifications these materials are similar to each other.

When arranging a balcony, you should proceed from the quality and safety of the structure, and not from its decorative properties. So, the height of the parapet should be approximately 80-120 cm - these are the most optimal sizes for barrier equipment. In addition, it is important to consider what load will be placed on the parapet and the balcony as a whole. To build a new parapet, you can use such a universal material as foam block. First of all, it's lightweight. Secondly, it is fire resistant. Thirdly, it is not afraid of moisture, especially if you additionally wrap it in glassine. Masonry can be done using glue, so the masonry seams will not freeze.

If you are designing a small balcony, then to increase usable space, it is possible to carry out glazing with removal, in which case the entire structure will be moved beyond the parapet. Thanks to this solution, you can visually make the balcony space larger, and it will also look much more attractive.

Fence: how to design?

A beautiful fence is an opportunity to create a harmonious architectural ensemble in your suburban area. To protect your fence from moisture and precipitation in general, you definitely need parapets. That this is a very important component of the enclosing structure is also clear because as a result of the accumulation of moisture and its further freezing in cold weather, the pores of the concrete will either expand or contract. This means that over time, cracks will appear along the fence.

This is why most homeowners prefer to install fence caps or caps. With their help, you can cover the horizontal surface of the fence along its entire perimeter and at the same time give the structure an attractive appearance. It is important that the parapet is chosen correctly - in accordance with the size of the fence. Firstly, this will distribute the load evenly. And secondly, it will be possible to make the joint as high quality as possible.

Features of a parapet for a fence

In the standard version, the parapet consists of a shelf (that is, the main part) and droppers. It is attached by means of bends, which are located at right angles to the shelf. It must be remembered that if the fence is lined with stone, you should first begin installing the parapet elements. Otherwise, in the very first winter, all the cladding will simply disappear. It is best to choose steel parapets for the fence, but aluminum, copper, polyester and other variations are also suitable. For example, a parapet with a thickness of at least 0.5 mm will last about ten years if it is also protected with a special strip.

What does the law say?

According to Federal Law No. 122-FZ, in industrial buildings the height of the parapet can be less than 0.6 m, but it will need to be supplemented with lattice fencing. Fences and ventilation outlets must be installed on the roofs of residential buildings in use. In public buildings, the height of the parapets of stairs, terraces, roofs, and balconies must be at least 0.9 m. In this case, the fencing must be continuous and equipped with handrails. Regardless of the height of the building, the fencing must necessarily cover flat roofs, external galleries, open external staircases, flights of stairs, platforms, balconies and loggias.

What is a parapet on a flat roof and what is its height according to SNiP

One of the most important conditions for a person’s decent life is a guarantee of security in work area, outdoors and indoors.

Employees construction companies, repair workers on a flat roof cannot feel completely safe there.

Parapets play a huge role; they are actively used in various construction processes, thereby protecting buildings, territories, ensuring their maximum safety and integrity.

Then, in order to protect the roof of a separate building along the perimeter, a parapet is installed.

Roof parapet - purpose

A parapet is a kind of side that is placed along the edge roofing pie. This structure, as a rule, is constructed after the construction of walls, installation of the ceiling, as well as after the implementation of thermal insulation and waterproofing works for the roof.

Actually this structure represents a kind of continuation of the existing wall. It is for this reason that the parapet on the roof is in most cases made of brick. Occasionally, the barrier can be made of metal, stone, concrete panels or solid reinforced concrete structures.

On some buildings built in a unique manner, the enclosing railings are made of stainless steel, glass, or a combination of two or three materials.

Functions performed by this design:

• The main purpose of the parapet is guarantee of people's security.
• Railings are capable of delaying the simultaneous descent of large amounts of precipitation and snow cover from the roof.
• Decorates the building.
• Masks unattractive communication systems located on the roof.
• Provides active resistance to strong gusts of wind. Strong winds can break the seal of the roofing pie.
• The presence of a parapet allows you to create a cafe or observation deck on the roof.
• Guardrails protect the sides of the roof, and this in turn improves the waterproofing of the roof.

Initially, parapets began to be used in the construction of buildings in France in the second half of the 15th century AD. A little later, builders in Greece, Spain and Italy took advantage of this idea.

Since 1950, in the Soviet Union, architects in their projects have required this component insurance on flat or pitched roofs of high-rise buildings and structures.

These canons established in construction are still followed.

Railings are also considered a subtype of parapets; as usual, they are used on balconies and bridges.

What types of parapets are divided into?

When is it necessary to install an appropriate parapet?

• Where the slope angle is up to 12% and buildings that are higher than 10 meters.
• If the height of the object is more than seven meters, and the roof angle is more than 12%, then the roof need to install a parapet or fence, which will delay the melting of snow in large quantities at a time.

If the building is built in gross violation of relevant standards, then it cannot be put into operation. Therefore, existing construction standards must be observed.

Minimum parapet height on a flat roof SNiP:

• Not less than 45 cm for roofs that have not been put into operation.
• If people will be located on the roof, the height of the enclosing structure is 120 cm.

The parapet is considered a continuation of the wall, and its width corresponds to the width of the wall. This figure is no less than 50 cm.

Device and design features

The regulations for the structure of the enclosing structure prescribed in SNiP II-26-76 state that this element includes:

1. Barrage. This is a scaffold along the entire roof of the building. This elevation performs barrier and also protective functions.
2. Waterproofing apron. Made from moisture-resistant material. Its purpose is protection against moisture penetrating into the structure. Typically, roofing felt or other soft roofing material is used.
3. Roofing wedge(gusset). This is a special device will protect the parapet from damage at the attachment points. As a rule, cement or a block of wood with a triangular cross-section is used. Using a wedge, it is possible to cut off a ninety-degree angle that is formed between the roof and the parapet. Rubbish gets clogged into this corner and water accumulates in it.
4. Protective visor. It is made of strong, very resistant steel.

The weakest point is considered to be the area where the roof connects to the parapet.

In this section, damage to the pie most often occurs as a result and leaks occur., which lead to rotting of the flat roof.

In this case, it is impossible to do without repairing the parapet, and possibly without dismantling it.

To avoid unforeseen situations, It is necessary to strictly follow the technology when installing the junction unit.

Connecting the roof to a brick parapet

As mentioned above, a structure must be constructed from brick after installing the floors and further covering all layers of the roof.

Here you need to adhere to the following rules:

• If the height of the enclosing structure is less than 50 cm, the waterproofing layer must be applied to the entire side surface of the parapet and fix it with bitumen mastic.
• If the height of the fence is higher than 50 cm, it is best to make the groove at a height of 25 cm from the existing roof level. In this case, the waterproofing should reach the height of the groove, and the edges insulating material you need to insert it into this recess and press it with a metal bar. Places where there are joints must be coated with bitumen.

If the junction of the roof to the parapet is made in compliance with all the rules, then the roof can be used without repair for a long period of time.

The fit of the roof to the fence

How to properly arrange a connection point on a soft roof

It is much more difficult to carry out the work of connecting this parapet to the soft roof accurately. This design has a “weak” point - the angle between the barrier and the roof.

Roll-type roofing materials are distinguished by a certain flexibility. But the situation can be easily corrected. We are talking about reducing the contact angle. To achieve this, you need to pour the concrete casting at an angle of 45 degrees.

The ebb should be covered with a strip of insulation, the sides of which should be placed on the parapet.

Your next steps:

• It is necessary to fuse a thermal insulation sheet onto the roof;
• A roofing carpet is laid on the side of the blind area (the corner must be covered).

Using this design, you will be able to obtain a reliable connection between the soft roof and the parapet. The joints in this case will have high-quality waterproofing.

Construction of a parapet in stages:

1. The basis of the barrier is the floors and roofing, and work should begin with it.
2. It is necessary to lay a row of reinforcement more than 0.5 meters high.
3. It is necessary to carry out the laying of the enclosing structure. The material can be chosen at your discretion, but it is better to consult a specialist on this issue.
4. The masonry must be connected with a fence.

Connection unit on a soft roof

Conclusion

The parapet is considered an important and, in most cases, a mandatory component of flat and pitched roofs. When installing the structure, it is very important to comply with the standards prescribed in SNiP. Particular attention should be paid to the junction of the roof and the fence.

This issue cannot be left without due participation. There is also another important point when carrying out work on arranging a parapet made of galvanized steel - this is phased implementation all your actions.

Useful video

In this video you will learn how to install the connection between the parapet and the roof:

Every person strives to improve their home and surrounding space. Of course, in this case, construction work cannot be avoided. But, as everyone knows, some participants in the structures being built are exposed to the negative influence of the environment. These areas include:

• projections;
• fence walls;
• window openings from the outside;
• foundations.

A parapet can be used to protect these areas from adverse effects. A parapet is a kind of continuous wall of small height that can protect the parapet from a variety of mechanical damage and various environmental influences.

A sloped roof is a roof with slopes greater than 7°. Underlayment - The building layer of a roof to install a vapor barrier, thermal insulation, waterproofing, or other layer. Roof - top part building, which protects the interior from the atmosphere from the effects of the atmosphere.

Roof structure - the roof structure of the building products used and their layers. Floors are a structure that is installed on the surface of the ground, overlaid or on the surface of the roof. The Rules use values, their symbols and units. The Rules use the following.

Convenient and safe steps should be installed on the roof. Roofs must be installed in such a way that the interior of the building and the roof structure under the waterproofing layers are protected from external rain and snow. Roofs must have sufficient slope to drain rainwater. Construction materials adapted to the roof slope should be used for roof waterproofing layers.

Application of a parapet

Parapets are also installed on flat or pitched roofs. It can also perform a decorative function. This structure must be installed in a place where people are expected to stay. According to building codes, the minimum parapet height should be from 45 to 120 cm. An apron is often installed on top of the structure, which protects it from destruction.

Water from the roof of a building must be taken in such a way as not to damage structures, roads, sidewalks, adjacent buildings, and without damaging the environment. On roofs with eaves higher than 6 m from the ground, a roof drainage system must be provided. Roof structures are permitted to use certified structural products in the prescribed manner.

Roof structures do not allow for the use of building products that interact with each other during roof installation and operation, reducing each other's durability. Roofs must be chemically resistant to environmental influences. Lightning rods must be installed on roofs.

Material for making a parapet

Parapets are made from various materials: concrete blocks, brick, monolithic reinforced concrete and metal. Metal is more common in our country. Such structures can be quickly and easily installed. Such metal structures are made of galvanized steel, which is a reliable and functional material. A parapet structure of this type has a fairly long service life. There are parapets made of copper, which is highly durable. This type of design will not make you think about replacing the structure with a new one.

Flat roofs include roofs with a slope of at least 0.7° and not more than 7°. When constructing roofs with a gradient of 0.7° to 1.4°, building materials and structural solutions specifically designed for this sloped roof should be used in accordance with the installation recommendations for waterproofing coating.

Requirements to flat design roofs. When designing and installing flat roof roof structures, the use of the following layers of roof structures must be evaluated. Vapor barrier layer. Reservoir formation layer. Thermal insulation layer. Windproof layers.

Parapet installation

Installing a parapet is a responsible task. Attention: many masters do not recommend trusting this process to an amateur. After all, this other thing has many nuances - for example, the correct installation of the parapet assembly - part of the structure that is adjacent to the wall. After all, the installation of this section will be responsible for the reliability and efficiency of the structure as a whole.

Steam pressure smoothing layer. Additional waterproofing layers. Waterproofing roofing coverings. Waterproof coating layer. Depending on the roof structure and the building products used, all of the above and other necessary layers may be provided, but layers not mentioned here, or combinations of individual layers may be provided.

Requirements for flat roofing materials and floor coverings. The use of non-flammable and non-volatile thermal insulation products for construction purposes is permitted for thermal insulation of ventilated flat maintenance-free roofs. These building products may be padded or, if necessary, approved to prevent them from rolling.

Today, parapet structures are actively used on the external slopes of windows (they are called external window sills, ebbs). External window sills have a flat profile. Their main task is to protect window slopes from the influence of various adverse environmental factors. Such castings are made of metal: aluminum or galvanized steel.

The surface of the concrete cladding and leveling layers for waterproofing and vapor barrier must be smooth, clean and dry, cracks and cracks must be sealed. A deformation gap of at least 20 mm must be left between the waterproofing coating and the vertical surfaces facing the roof. Wooden decks for waterproofing and vapor barriers must be level and solid. The wooden deck for waterproofing should be equipped with a ventilation air gap or ventilation ash.

Types of parapets

You should decide in advance on the type of parapet. Exist:

• a flat parapet that has a smooth surface and drip edges set to the side.
• parapet structure of a flat shape with a rectangular drip. This type has a rectangular bend at the bottom. This ensures a high-quality and reliable fit between the structure and the mounted surface.
• parapet structure with two slopes. It is used mainly to protect fence walls from various damages.
• parapet with two slopes and a rectangular drip edge. It is highly reliable.
• The “ridge” parapet is distinguished by a lower fastening, which is covered by a canopy on top.
• a complex parapet that includes a water drain that can flow in two directions. This type of parapet is the most reliable and durable, due to the installation features of the parapet assembly.

When it comes to a parapet, many people wonder what it is and why is it needed?

The moisture content of timber for installation is no more than 20% and no less than 8%. Above rooms where the relative air humidity exceeds 70%, the use of vapor barrier substrates does not allow the use of wood products. The joints of thermal insulation products used to install waterproofing coatings or vapor barrier layers must be offset from each other in relation to each other. Interconnections between cross-linked thermal insulation products are not permitted. The mechanical resistance of thermal insulation materials should be selected based on the potential impact of loads.

The main function of the parapet is to protect the roof, foundation, walls, window openings, fences from various environmental influences. It helps to hide all existing flaws in the roof and is able to give the entire building a certain style.

Despite the fact that the parapet not only helps to protect the structure, but also gives it a special style, there are certain requirements that must be met when constructing a building.

The minimum requirements for thermal insulation materials made of mineral wool and expanded polystyrene are as follows. In other cases - 60 kPa. All metal and tin elements used for the manufacture of roof structures must be of corrosion-resistant building products: galvanized steel, stainless steel, copper and the like.

When polyethylene film and similar building products are used on roofs above a heated vapor barrier layer, it is not allowed to install the vapor barrier layer directly on the surface of the trapezoidal steel sheets. Where polyethylene films and similar building products are used, a uniform solid vapor barrier layer must be installed over the trapezoidal steel sheets.

The essence of the concept

So, what is a parapet? A parapet is a low wall that is located along the edge of a roof, terrace, balcony, and so on. Basically, such a fence is solid and made of metal.

The shape of the parapet can be completely different, for example, straight, angular, arched, rounded. There are also various ways surface treatments such as matte, polished, sand, ceramic tile and brushed.

In other cases, the thickness of insulation products used for decks must be based on calculations. Installation of a longitudinal insulating layer over a trapezoidal steel sheet. Requirements for insulation of flat roofing roofing. The vapor barrier layer must be installed in such a way that moisture does not accumulate in the roof structures. The insulating layer on roofs above heated spaces should be installed on the inside of the thermosetting layer. Joints for building products used for roof sealing should be glued, bonded or otherwise sealed.

When choosing the shape and material of the fence, it is important to proceed from the appearance of the building in order to preserve the style of the building.

Application

The parapet is used on both flat and pitched roofs. This type of fencing is installed in places where there is a possibility of people staying. It is used both as safety, protection from natural phenomena, and has a certain decorative function.

The vapor barrier layer should extend to the top of the thermal insulation layer at the location of the joints with the walls, as well as structures and roof elements passing through the dowel. The steam expansion layer of expansion joints must be installed in such a way that the edges of the building are free from moisture and coatings.

Flat roofs that are installed over horizontal reinforced concrete substructures must first be equipped with a slope layer, and a vapor barrier layer must be installed above the slope formation layer. This requirement does not apply when the slope formation layer is provided with factory-made thermal insulation products specifically designed for this purpose.

The height of the parapet should not exceed 45 centimeters, and in some cases 120 centimeters, according to building codes.

Quite often, a special apron is installed on top of the fence, which should protect the structure from possible damage.

Please note that parapets are used both to protect the building from wind, rain and other natural phenomena, and to mask roof unevenness or hide air conditioning units and other systems.

Requirements for strengthening waterproofing of non-external roofs of flat roofs. The roof waterproofing system must provide the required number of additional layers of waterproofing, layouts and construction products to install these layers. Requirements for connecting non-extruded roof joints to vertical surfaces.

Before installing bead waterproofing on a vertical masonry wall, the masonry must be wiped down or the masonry must be filled and the surface leveled. At the junctions of the roof with walls and other vertical surfaces, the latter must be covered with a waterproofing coating of at least 300 mm above the roof plane. When connecting to parapet areas, where the height of the parapet is less than 300 mm, the waterproofing must be laid over the parapet and secured. The edge of the waterproof covering must be sealed to prevent water from penetrating into the roof structure.

Installation Features

Installing a parapet is a very important part of construction, which has a huge number of different nuances.

Compensators must be installed in deformation joints located at the height of the building. The structure of the expansion joint must be such that in the event of deformation, water does not flow through the joint. Non-combustible thermal insulating building products must be used for expansion joint inserts.

The main feature of installing a parapet is the installation of a unit, that is, a part of the structure that is adjacent to the wall of the building.

It is important to know: You should not trust amateurs or people without certain experience to install a parapet; it is better to seek help from professionals.

Recently, quite often similar designs are used for external window slopes. They are also called low tides. They also serve to protect windows from adverse factors.

Expansion joints in the building structure, deck and roof waterproofing must be leveled. Leveling layer requirements for water vapor pressure on unplanned roofs for flat roofs. A water vapor pressure equalization layer must be installed under the waterproofing layer.

When a waterproofing coating is installed on concrete or reinforced concrete floors, it is necessary to install a leveling layer for water vapor pressure. The microbeads of the vapor pressure equalization layer must be in contact with the outside through parapets, eaves or ventilation chambers.

Varieties

Proper arrangement of parapets is the final part of the design of any structure and house; without this detail, construction will be considered unfinished.

Requirements for flat roof parapets. Parapets must be raised above the roof waterproofing surface by at least 100 mm. The perimeter of the entire building must be located on the same level. The slope of the top of the parapets must be on the roof side and not less than 2.9 °.

It must be applied to the wall of a vertical wall on both sides of the wall, in the case of shielding parapat: in the case of ceramic, silicate finishing bricks and other cold-resistant building products for exterior finishing at least 100 cooling and heating cycles of at least 50 mm, and for minimum frost resistance - at least 80 mm. The minimum wall thickness of tin cannot be less than that indicated in Table 1.

There are several types of fencing:

• flat parapet with rectangular drip edge. This option is the most reliable in terms of fastening;
• a flat and even parapet with drip edges spread to the sides;
• ridge fence. This design has distinctive feature in the form of a lower fastener and a visor on top;
• parapet with two slopes;
• two slopes and a rectangular drip. This type of design is very reliable;
• a complex design option that has two drips through which water must flow in two directions.

How best to arrange

To create a parapet on the roof use:

Minimal overlap of tin element on the wall. Exhaust-free ventilation air requirements. Requirements for drainage from flat roofs. Diameter and number of valves in the internal drainage system must be based on calculations. The roof must be equipped with at least two doors. Instead of two nozzles, it is allowed to install one dish with a water supply device in the parapet.

The cross-section of the drainage pipe should be based on calculations. The distance between wires should be based on calculations. In the roof area, valves should be located at the lowest positions of the roof. The roof surface of the center of the vertical slope of at least 0.5 m must have a slope of at least 6° in the tower.

• reinforced concrete;
• brick;
• metal;
• concrete blocks.

Please note that fences made of metal, mainly galvanized steel, are especially popular, as they are more reliable and do not corrode.

For fencing loggias and balconies, the following are mainly used:

• concrete;
• metal;
• foam block;
• tree.

Most often, the height of such parapets is about 80 - 120 centimeters.

Openings should be located at least 500mm from the edge of the roof, parapet, roof windows, vents, expansion joints and walls facing the roof. The edges must be protected to prevent leaves and gravel from entering the water supply. Drainage sections of the internal water freezing system must be insulated or heated.

A deformation gap of at least 1 mm must be provided between the groove and the cover. Roof gutters must have a slope of at least 1.4° in the tower. Other requirements for roofs without a flat roof. The bottom of doors, windows, display cases and hatches must be at least 250 mm above the roof surface. The door threshold and the upper part of the hatches must be covered with tin or protected with special profiles. The waterproofing cap should be under the tin.

Modern designers offer glass fencing for loggias or balconies, thereby making them more attractive and original. Aluminum structures They also look quite stylish, and they are more resistant to damage.

Federal Law No. 122-FZ

When installing a parapet, you should take into account the federal law, according to which the height of the fence in industrial buildings must be more than 60 centimeters and an additional lattice fence must be made.

As for residential buildings, their roofs must also be protected by parapets.

The height of fencing for roofs, balconies and terraces in public buildings (clinics, shopping centers, etc.) must exceed 90 centimeters.

In addition, the fence must always be solid and have handrails.
Please note that regardless of the height of the structure, the parapet must always be on roofs with a flat surface.

Thus, the parapet is an integral part of any building. Its main task is to protect the structure from the negative effects of the environment. Keep in mind:

The installation of fencing should only be carried out by professionals, since this kind of construction work has many different nuances, ignorance of which may have a negative impact in the future.

Parapets can be of various shapes, types, and materials. Their choice depends primarily on the functional load of the fence and the concept of the building. It is worth noting that the federal law specifies the basic requirements for the height of the fence, which must be adhered to during construction.

In construction, a parapet is an architectural element that plays the role of an enclosing structure on the roof in buildings, and is literally translated from Italian as “to protect up to the chest.” Accordingly, this is a wall no more than 100 cm high, on which metal railings can additionally be installed. However, the roof is not the only place where you can find such a structure. What a parapet is in relation to a particular situation, we will explain in this article.

Since the parapet has a protective function, this design is present wherever there is a danger for a person to fall from a height. The roof is just one of the places where it can be installed, and that's where we'll start our review. The parapet wall as a structural element is designed only in buildings with flat roof

The end wall, which forms the fence on the roof, is a continuation of the main wall, and accordingly, is built from the same material.

In buildings constructed from prefabricated reinforced concrete, the parapet panels that cover the end part of the wall in the form of a cap are made only from lightweight concrete with porous aggregate. Alternatively, it could be metal castings.

If the walls of the house are brick, the end wall has a layer structure, providing a thin wall of one brick along the inner perimeter of the load-bearing wall, with a double layer of insulation and cladding on the outside. From above, the entire structure is also covered with a steel parapet element.

One of the most important tasks that needs to be solved when arranging a parapet is the junction of the roofing pie to it. This way, moisture falling on the roof with precipitation will not penetrate to the joints of the wall with the covering slabs, which is very important for the microclimate of the rooms below.

The protection of the joints is carried out by installing parapet ebbs, the options of which are shown in the picture above.

Installation procedure for a steel parapet element

Table 1. Procedure for installing a parapet on a building envelope

As an option, the enclosing wall can not be covered with a metal sheen, but completely covered with the same from the inside and on top roll material, from which the waterproofing of the roof itself was made. The main thing is that there is reliable protection from precipitation.

Video - Installation of parapets when repairing soft roofs

Video - Parapet installation

Prices for roof railings

Roof railings

Parapet on the balcony

The front wall of the loggia, which is usually erected from the front side of the loggia, is also called a parapet. And what difference does it make, because it performs the same function as on the roof - it prevents a person from falling from a height.

Unlike the loggia, which is built-in, the balcony has an external structure. The balcony slab is pinched on only one side, and its free edge is not designed to withstand heavy loads. Therefore, during the construction of apartment buildings, massive parapets on balconies are not designed, but lattice metal fences are provided instead.

However, residents, in an effort to protect the balcony from dust and make it, although unheated, still an additional residential or auxiliary space, often decide to build parapet walls around its perimeter and install frame or frameless glazing.

At the same time, some use solid bricks for this, without thinking at all about what load the balcony slab will have to withstand. The consequences can be dire, and there are frequent cases of balconies collapsing in old houses.

Therefore, you need to think a hundred times before you start building a parapet made of heavy material on the balcony, and certainly not use sand-lime brick. As a last resort, these could be thin partition blocks made of lightweight porous concrete, although they may also be too heavy.

Similar problems arise, as a rule, in old houses, in which balconies are the most unaesthetic element of the facade, and metal fences rust over the period of many years of operation of the buildings. In most residential buildings built according to more modern standard designs, balconies are designed so that residents do not need to invent something.

Alternatively, they can be glazed from floor to ceiling. In this case, the glazing is combined with a metal fence, which is part of the overall spatial structure that strengthens the balcony.

If the glazing is framed, in the form of traditional windows, a metal parapet made according to frame technology. This means that the frame is filled with insulation, and the outside is sheathed with facade material such as corrugated sheets, siding, thermal panels, stylized as brickwork.

From the inside, the blank part of the wall is sewn up with clapboard, PVC panels, sheet material with further painting or pasting. With panoramic glazing, a decorative parapet made of forged or stainless steel looks very nice, which is visible from both sides.

How to make a frame fence

Basically, the decision to make a capital parapet on the balcony is made out of the desire to install glazing frames on it. After all, if there is thin metal fencing with railings, you cannot mount a window on it, and when the vertical elements of the lattice are bent, it will be impossible to sheathe it for the purpose of insulation. There is only one thing left: remove the old fence and make a new parapet.

And sometimes the need for remodeling arises solely because the elements of the old one have rotted, and you simply want to bring the balcony into proper shape. We would like to introduce you to one of these options.

Half-timbered timber on the balcony

The half-timbered style has long been revered for its beautiful geometric combinations of metal or wooden structures, and it is used not only in the construction of buildings as such, but even in interior design. And of course, a fence for a terrace or balcony, made in the best traditions of this style, will not go unnoticed.

Table 2. Step-by-step instructions

Prices for popular models of screwdrivers

Screwdrivers

A parapet of a similar design can be made not only on the balcony, but also on the terrace in the yard or in the gazebo.

Parapet for fence

Despite the fact that in construction it is customary to call a low wall a parapet, the elements with which this same wall is protected from precipitation are also called a similar term. We talked about their installation on the roof railing at the beginning of the article. But the fence also has a parapet, which is placed on the foundation between the pillars, and serves as a barrier to the entry of stray animals into the fenced area in the case when the fence is not solid.

It is built according to the principle of an ordinary wall, from solid or slotted bricks, often decorative, or lightweight concrete blocks with a textured surface or under plaster are used for masonry.

Such a wall differs from a roof parapet only in that there it is insulated, but here it is simply decorated. End surface Any masonry also needs protection, so for it you can see elements of a wide variety of shapes and materials for sale.

Here, in the same way, the edge of the masonry is crowned with elements of the parapet and the tops of the pillars, made of concrete, stone, ceramics, metal, and polymer-sand composite. Only when these are small, but very important details the fence is installed, it will take on a respectable and complete look.