Every person wants to breathe as much as possible clean air ohm - this is included in the basic needs. If your home is not located in a clean suburban residential complex or on the outskirts of the city near a park area, then most likely, in order to breathe clean air, you will have to choose and purchase air purifiers. Modern companies manufacture air purification devices in huge quantities, equipping them with necessary and sometimes unnecessary functions.
Water devices
There are a lot of different myths regarding air cleanliness today. However, the majority of all cleaning devices are structurally designed as a housing with a fan that takes air from the room and passes it through filters. And here there are a lot of differences. There are two cleaning technologies: using water as a filter and dry.
Air purification systems in an apartment are often combined with humidifiers. You need to understand that traditional humidification devices cannot clean the air in any way - they are only designed to fill the air space in a room with moisture. Among these devices, only the so-called air washer can be considered a purifier.
Liquid cleaners
This device actually “washes” the air by passing it through a special water curtain. Under the influence of water, dust in the air, as well as possible small pollutants, settles on the structural elements of such a sink. The process of air purification with the help of such sinks goes along with humidification, due to which such gadgets have become very popular among consumers.
All air washers on the market have the same operating principle, and the differences between them are in overall dimensions, fan power and various additional functions. Many manufacturers also equip the air purification system with a disinfection system.
In addition to the desire to equip devices with a mass of various attractive functions, manufacturers also use the principle of compensation. A humid environment is very conducive to the growth of various harmful bacteria, mold, and fungal colonies, so the device must be constantly carefully looked after to prevent bad neighbors from appearing there. Therefore, air purification washers must be equipped with ultraviolet lamps.
A sink of this type works quietly; you should not expect super-performance and high sedum speed from these devices; they will not be able to cope with ingrained odors, or quickly remove the smallest particles, and especially allergens.
Venta LW25
This model is a water-based air washer. It is designed to work in conditions small rooms. Its capabilities allow it to operate confidently in rooms up to 40 m2. The equipment operates without any replaceable filters. During operation, ordinary water is used, for which there is a special container with a volume of 7 liters. You can also add various flavoring additives to the water. There is a special built-in system to protect against bacteria.
Among the main advantages is the absence of the need to purchase consumables. Air purification with water does not require filters. During operation, no limescale remains on furniture and other surfaces in the room. The device is easy to maintain. If the water runs out, the device has a self-shut-off function. To get even more functions from the device, you can additionally connect a humidity level sensor. Among the disadvantages, there is a lot of noise when this sink operates at maximum speed. You can purchase this model at a price of 23,000 rubles.
Winia AWI-40
This Korean air purification system is also designed for use in rooms, houses, and apartments with an area of up to 40 square meters. m. The volume of the water tank is also 7 liters. Among the features of the device are the functions of automatically maintaining a certain level of humidity. There are five operating modes. 3D discs with a special antibacterial layer are used. In addition, the sink has an air ionization function, which is implemented on the basis of special filters.
Among the advantages, reviews highlight ease of care and maintenance, the ability to control humidity, antibacterial coating on the discs, and high efficiency. Among the disadvantages, for some reason, users first mention the presence of replaceable filters, noise, and inaccuracy of the gyrostat. The price of this device is from 15,000 rubles.
Dry air purifiers
If you need to clean the air from dust, various allergens, unpleasant odors, but water should not be used for it, then there are much more devices to choose from. This group of models differs in dimensions, more high level productivity. The main thing in devices of this class is the filters for air purification and their number.
In general, equipment designed for dry cleaning is more powerful and faster. Structurally, the device consists of a powerful fan, which draws air from an apartment or house with quite a lot of force, as well as a filter system.
Types of filters used
Air purification filters can be different and perform different tasks. Thus, a coarse filter is most often made of mesh or porous materials. It can only retain fairly large particles, such as pet hair, pieces of dust, and the like.
A fine filter is made of fabric or paper materials that are folded like an accordion. These materials have a huge number of pores, which, due to special bending, seem to overlap each other. This creates a sieve with a fine mesh. These filters are capable of retaining a large number of different allergens, as well as small particles and dust. There are also HEPA filters. They are now the most highly effective among others used for air purification. Such devices are capable of retaining not just small, but even the smallest particles that can harm people’s health. This could be PM2.5, tiny allergens such as dust mite excretions and similar pollutants. Taking this into account, we can conclude that such a filter is simply necessary even in the simplest system, since without it the air will only seem clean.
Along with these filters, adsorption-catalytic devices are also used. They are designed to remove odors. Inside the product there are special materials that absorb particles and gas molecules. This material then closes these particles inside itself. Various manufacturers produce different variants such products. So, we can distinguish a standard and also a reinforced version. The second type of filter is needed if there are very strong sources of odors. Carbon and photocatalytic filters can solve the same problems.
Best Dry Air Purifier
The best air purifiers for home and apartment should be equipped with filters to clean the air space from dust, various allergens, harmful bacteria and particles, as well as odors. Among the disadvantages of devices using dry air purification methods are energy consumption and noise. But in reality, these devices use energy in the same way as other household units, and the noise created by the purifier is aerodynamic. But manufacturers were able to get rid of this noise through the use of new materials. Modern devices so quiet that sometimes many people wonder if they work at all.
Additional functions
When choosing a suitable purifier for a home or apartment, many people pay attention not only to the number and types of filters, but also to various additional functions. It is worth considering the most popular of them: ionization, aromatization, moisturizing, disinfection.
Ionization
Due to this function, the air is saturated with useful ions. They are charged positively and negatively. This is a fairly widely discussed function, but there are no authoritative opinions on ionization today. Some claim that ions are very useful, while others, on the contrary, claim that they are dangerous for humans.
Aromatization
Thanks to this function, the air is filled with various pleasant aromas due to liquids. Fragrance works in the same way as an air freshener. A liquid fragrance or composition in the form of a gas is simply sprayed into the premises of an apartment or house. Is it reasonable to equip air purifiers with aromatization? This question is still open. Since the devices allow you to remove odors, the air purifier itself can handle this without any fragrance.
Hydration
Through this function, the air is filled with water vapor. This is one of the most popular options. Humidity is very important parameter. It depends on it whether the human body will function normally. On the other hand, excessive humidity near the filters is not advisable. This is where various harmful bacteria settle. By creating a good environment for them, they will soon begin to multiply and the air purifier will turn into a major source of bacteria.
Disinfection
This function is often confused with air purification. This process is the complete destruction of viruses, various bacteria and other microorganisms. Disinfection is very important in everyday life. Even the most technologically advanced air purification methods only capture harmful bacteria, but do not kill them.
Modern cleaners use two disinfection technologies. These are photocatalytic filters and inactivation of microorganisms. This feature is undoubtedly very useful. UV radiation is quite popular and has been used for a long time, but inactivation is a new technology. It deprives bacteria of the ability to reproduce.
Breezers
These are devices that provide a constant flow of air when the windows into the rooms are closed. Before entering the room, the air is cleaned of dust, harmful bacteria and other elements. In addition, breathers have the function of heating air to certain temperatures. Modern advanced models can be connected to smart climate systems, and they will automatically regulate the supply of fresh air. There are models with a built-in recirculation mode.
Conclusion
Now there are a lot of models for houses and apartments. Manufacturers make devices in modern design and with a wide range of functionality. When choosing, the area for which the device is designed, the air exchange rate, and the presence of several operating modes are important. What is done to clean the air inside the device is not so important. With any device, the air will be as clean as possible. These elements can protect the body from various diseases, which is especially important in large cities.
The environmental situation in Moscow is far from ideal, but few people think about the fact that the air in apartments and offices also poses a great danger: in enclosed spaces it stagnates, which causes an increase in the concentration of substances harmful to health and the proliferation of dangerous bacteria and microorganisms. The Village asked doctors, ecologists and designers what measures would help improve the ecology of the home and avoid many diseases.
Is the air in your apartment actually worse than outside?
On average, indoor air is five times dirtier and ten times more toxic than outdoor air. Moreover, it is indoors that most people spend up to 90% of their time. These statistics are provided by the head of the laboratory of the manufacturer of the Potok Inter air disinfection system, Evgeniy Kobzev.
Stagnant air contains a large number of microorganisms, including those that can potentially harm human health. The main source of microbes is the person himself. “From the surface of the skin, pathogenic bacteria such as Staphylococcus aureus And different kinds streptococci, and during breathing, sneezing and coughing - pathogens of tuberculosis, various pneumonia and influenza,” comments Kobzev.
Pathogenic microorganisms appear in apartments due to the fact that air conditioners, household air purifiers and forced ventilation devices are rarely or poorly maintained: for example, an ordinary home air conditioner, if you do not change the filters in it, can become a breeding ground for the causative agent of legionellosis, which in some cases causes a person with the most severe form of pneumonia (even death). Fighting legionellosis with traditional disinfectants is practically useless. You can only increase the body’s resistance, improving immunity, and prevent the growth of bacteria: clean climate control equipment on time, avoid stagnation warm water(for example, in water heaters).
Another type of air pollution in an apartment, which Evgeny Kobzev points out, is mold: “Mold spores can enter the air from the surface of walls and ceilings (especially in bathrooms), which cause asthma attacks and exacerbation of chronic respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, respiratory allergies and pulmonary hypertension.”
What sources of air pollution can be identified?
Dust
Dust is dangerous because mites can live in it. Alena Glushakova, deputy head physician for medical affairs at the MEDSI clinic in Khoroshevsky Proezd, clarifies that mites themselves are safe for humans, but their waste products can cause the development of allergic reactions, including the development of bronchial asthma: “If you constantly breathe dusty air, then respiratory diseases are inevitable systems (chronic diseases of the nasal cavity, pharynx, bronchi, lungs), inflammatory processes, headaches, irritation of the mucous membrane of the eyes due to allergic reactions.”
Exhaust gases from automobiles and industrial emissions products
Entering through open windows, they also pose a health hazard. Exhaust gases contain nitrogen and carbon oxides, sulfur dioxide, aromatic hydrocarbons, and lead compounds. They can cause the development of respiratory and nervous systems, provoke the development of allergic reactions and skin diseases.
Smell of cigarettes
Tobacco smoke is harmful not only at the moment of smoking: tobacco leaves contain a lot of oily resins with high penetrating ability, which means that the smoke from them is well absorbed into clothes, upholstered furniture, curtains, and carpets. Tobacco tar and nicotine accumulate in the lungs and lead to lung diseases, aggravate allergic reactions and increase the risk of heart disease. To eliminate the smell, you need to constantly ventilate the room, wash fabric upholstery and wallpaper, wash textiles, have powerful ventilation in the apartment or air purifiers with filters that specialize in retaining cigarette smoke particles.
Particle boards and fibreboards
Chipboard and fiberboard are layers of pressed wood that are joined together with glue or various resins. Furniture made from this material releases formaldehyde and phenols - carcinogens that increase the likelihood of cancer. The source of carcinogens, according to Alena Glushakova, can also be laminate, linoleum, decorative plastic and cheap building finishing materials.
In Russia, formaldehyde is classified as the second of five hazard classes, where the first is the most serious. Short-term contact with an object that emits formaldehyde will not cause harm, but constant presence in the same apartment can cause skin reactions (irritation, itching, rash), eye inflammation, lethargy, frequent headaches, and difficulty sleeping. At the same time, as long as the source of carcinogens is isolated, for example, chipboard furniture is laminated or covered with veneer, the harm is minimal, but any damage to the surface will become a source of formaldehyde release.
Furniture made from chipboard emits formaldehydes and phenols - carcinogens that increase the likelihood of cancer
Rug near the front door
From the street we can bring pathogens along with dirt and dust. In 2008, the University of Arizona conducted a study: more than 400 thousand different bacteria were found on the soles of shoes. Escherichia coli, Friedlander's bacillus and Serratia ficaria are carried in large quantities on shoes - these bacteria cause urinary tract infections and respiratory infections. In this way, you can also bring chemicals home: gasoline particles after a walk in the rain, toxic fertilizers from the lawn, resins from asphalt, or reagents for dissolving snow from winter streets.
Mercury
This is a substance of the first hazard class (according to GOST 17.4.1.02-83). If you break a thermometer and at least one ball of mercury rolls behind the furniture or into a crack in the parquet, then the mercury in contact with the air will release toxic substances. That is why it is important to completely collect and dispose of it, and then disinfect all surfaces that it touched with a solution of potassium permanganate.
About 80% of inhaled mercury vapor is retained in the body. The longer the exposure and the more volatile mercury particles entering the body, the more dangerous the toxic effect. Acute mercury vapor poisoning manifests itself in intestinal upset, vomiting, and swelling of the gums. A decline in cardiac activity is characteristic, the pulse becomes rare and weak, and fainting is possible. With chronic poisoning, a metallic taste appears in the mouth, loose gums, severe salivation, mild irritability, weakened memory, and a strong effect on the nervous system.
Are popular cleaning products dangerous?
As a rule, when choosing household chemicals for the home, people tend to purchase the most aggressive products: with them they can quickly achieve perfect cleanliness. What you have to pay for is inhaling volatile toxic substances contained in cleaning and detergents: chlorine, phosphates, surfactants, triclosan and even fragrances and aromatic enzymes.
“Regular use of toxic household chemicals, especially in poorly ventilated areas, can cause headaches, various allergic reactions, decreased immunity and even provoke the development of cancer. You can avoid these harmful consequences by choosing environmentally friendly household chemicals and returning to folk remedies keeping the house clean. For example, a solution of vinegar, soda, lemon juice, mustard powder, soap solution and similar means,” says Verba Mayr chief physician Natalia Edel.
What symptoms indicate that there are toxic substances in the air?
Symptoms that should pay attention to the air quality in the apartment include: headaches, sleep disturbances, nausea, peeling skin, unpleasant taste in the mouth after waking up, dizziness, irritation of the mucous membranes of the eyes. “But you shouldn’t panic at the first appearance of one of the symptoms: the state of the surrounding air is not the most common cause of these disruptions in the body. First, we need to exclude the more “popular” ones: unhealthy diet, stress, lack of sleep,” comments Dmitry Gornastolev, chief physician of the Medscan network of medical centers. But difficulty breathing, irregular heart rhythm, loss of orientation in space - these are already symptoms for which you cannot hesitate and must immediately call ambulance. They may indicate a severe allergic reaction or toxic poisoning.
Regular use of toxic household chemicals can cause headaches, allergic reactions and decreased immunity
How to make the air in your apartment cleaner?
In the fight for clean air, you need to choose methods depending on the situation and type of pollution. Vadim Rukavitsyn, environmental consultant at EcoShopper, advises: if the apartment is located near a large highway or a large factory, install a filter on the valve supply ventilation and do not open windows in the room for ventilation. And if you use harmful paint, furniture or Construction Materials On the contrary, it is necessary to ventilate the room more often or purify the air through special household filters if the source of pollution cannot be promptly eliminated.
“Paints, varnishes, and adhesives often emit benzene, toluene, xylene and other volatile organic compounds. Chipboard, some types of plastic and foam plastic are saturated with the carcinogen formaldehyde during the production process. At the same time, there are no definitely dangerous and definitely safe species. paint and varnish materials and glue - it depends on the composition of a particular product,” says the ecologist. Harmful substances may be present, but in a concentration acceptable to humans and not cause harm, so when choosing, you need to pay attention to international eco-labels. Here are the main ones: Ecolabel (“European Flower”), Nordic Ecolabel (Nordic Swan, “Northern Swan”), German marking Der Blaue Engel (“Blue Angel”), the most common in the USA and Canada Green Seal and EcoLogo, as well as “Vitality Leaf”, the main one for Russia.
In case of air pollution, it will be most effective to use quartz lamps (there are small home models) and ventilation. This is especially true if someone in the apartment has been sick for a long time. If the air is contaminated with mold spores, it is necessary to determine its source and first get rid of the fungus. Also in this case, enhanced supply and exhaust ventilation and reducing humidity to 40–60%.
If we talk about universal tools for purifying the air in an apartment, home air purifiers and air washers cope best with this task. They differ in a set of filters, each of which is designed to eliminate a specific type of pollution. “The most common cleaners are those with a carbon membrane, mechanical cleaning and an ionizer. To clean bacteria and organics, it is necessary that the purifiers have a built-in ion-catalytic or streamer filter with a quartz lamp closed type“, - Vadim Rukavitsyn gives recommendations.
Partially protect yourself at the stage of choosing a place to live. First of all, it is worth considering the presence of large highways, industrial facilities and landfills nearby. If we talk about Moscow, the ecologist calls the west and north-west the cleanest, and the central district, south and south-east of the capital the dirtiest. In addition to the presence of industrial enterprises in these districts, the wind in Moscow mainly blows to the southeast, so dirt from other areas also blows. But regardless of the area, it is optimal to consider each specific house separately, taking into account the topography, distance from highways and railways, number of floors, proximity to a park, communications, type of house, history of the area and other parameters.
Why landscape the area near the house and ventilate the apartment?
To maintain the functioning of all systems of the human body, a constant circulatory process is required, which is carried out with the help of breathing: when oxygen enters the cells, metabolic processes occur, due to which energy is released. The quality of your breathing air is of paramount importance, which is why it is so important to maintain it. Lyubov Bogdanova, a breathing therapist, head of the International Center for the Study and Practice of Conscious Breathing, advises landscaping the surrounding area so that the air outside the window is as clean as possible. Tree leaves actively trap dust and reduce the concentration of harmful gases. According to biologists, in the summer a medium-sized tree releases enough oxygen per day to breathe for three people, and a park or grove near a house will clear carbon dioxide from a layer of air up to 45 meters thick - that’s about 15 floors. It is best to plant chestnut, poplar, elm, larches, and shrubs - lilac, acacia, and rose hips. Houseplants also contribute to air purity. To select a specific species, you can use the NASA list, which was compiled in 1989 based on the results of a study of plants that help in a confined space not only absorb carbon dioxide and release oxygen, but also remove some harmful substances from the atmosphere (formaldehyde, benzene, trichlorethylene). There are about 30 plants in total on this list; Among the most effective, having a complex effect, are common ivy, epipremnum aureus, spathiphyllum, bamboo palm (hamedorea), sansevieria (“mother-in-law’s tongue”), dracaena bordered and garden chrysanthemum. Regular wet cleaning necessary to maintain clean air: moisture precipitates dust, clearing the atmospheric air of its particles.
At the same time, volatile compounds in household chemicals and personal hygiene products are often the causes of allergic cough or nasal congestion, runny nose or severe sneezing, so it is better to choose natural products for cleaning rooms and body hygiene.
“Ventilate your apartment regularly: carbon dioxide released during exhalation is 1.5 times heavier than atmospheric air and accumulates in an unventilated room. And try to spend as much time as possible in nature: it is the ecoflora that creates the most favorable respiratory mixture for humans, which the urban environment cannot boast of,” advises the respiratory therapist. The air cannot be made absolutely clean, but the person himself, by controlling his breathing, can minimize the harmful effects.
Nasal breathing is unique in that it provides humidification and purification of air entering the human body from outside. The mucous membrane of the nasal passages traps dust particles and other foreign particles, as well as viruses and bacteria. The special composition of mucus neutralizes them, and the ciliated epithelium ensures their removal from the nasal cavity.
Lifehacks and gadgets that will help keep the air clean
Since wet cleaning is one of the most effective ways To achieve clean air in the apartment, you need to create conditions for it: systematize the storage of things, put clothes, books and dishes in closed cabinets and containers, leaving a maximum of open horizontal surfaces free.
Ideally, you need to think about the air quality in the apartment at the renovation stage: choose environmentally friendly materials, advise Sergey and Veronika Kovalev, architects at Artbaza.studio. For flooring solid wood or cork tiles are best: these materials are easy to clean and do not emit toxic substances. To paint walls or ceilings, the architects of the Artbaza studio use Japanese paints with an antibacterial coating and lead-free composition, and in finishing they often use whole slabs of marble, solid wood, stones and minerals of natural origin - all these materials are natural and safe. Technical innovations will help keep the air clean and healthy. For example, an oxygen generator: by passing air through filters, it converts it into pure oxygen. More standard, but also useful, are air purifiers and ionizers. “To choose a good air purifier, it is important to know the volume of the room: multiply the volume by three - this is how much air the device should move through itself. Also, when purchasing, pay attention to the presence of several filters and multi-level cleaning,” advise Veronika and Sergey Kovalev.
In addition to purification, the air needs to be saturated with moisture: then harmful particles will settle on the floor and not be inhaled; Moreover, a normal level of humidity is beneficial for respiratory tract and skin conditions. The most technologically advanced assistants are here - ultrasonic humidifiers. They are usually equipped with a built-in hydrostat and are capable of automatically maintaining air humidity in a wide range (from 20 to 90%). When buying a humidifier of any type, you should definitely ask what area of the room it is designed for.
The air mass that surrounds us contains nitrogen, oxygen, argon and carbon dioxide. Nature has always maintained their balance, and all odors, even unpleasant ones, are environmentally friendly under normal conditions. But the last decades of scientific and technological progress, in addition to convenience and comfort, have “given” humanity a variety of harmful chemical compounds.
Nature can no longer cope with such a load, and as a result, due to polluted air, we get a decrease in immunity, allergies and other inadequate reactions of the body. As a result, our immune system spends 80% of its resources on neutralizing harmful environmental factors. But can she be helped? How can we make the air clean, at least at home, in the place where we sleep, eat, and raise our children?
We have collected simple ways Protect your home from harmful pollutants, chemicals and germs:
1. No combustion products
Wood-burning fireplaces are a charming part of the interior and a romantic place for lovers. They make the house more comfortable and help you psychologically relax after a hard day. But, as it turns out, they are harmful to our health, as they produce particulate matter that enters the lungs and makes breathing difficult.
2. Away from smokers
Smoking itself is the cause of a large number of diseases. Specifically, in the United States, smoking is responsible for approximately 85% of cases of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, you should make sure that you are not a passive smoker in your own home?
Smokers not only poison the air around them, but also harm their neighbors, relatives and household members. If you stop smoking in time, and thereby clear your apartment of smoke, you can significantly improve the air quality.
3. Fight against dust mites
Dust mites, which live mainly in people's homes, can cause an allergic reaction in people - mite sensitization.
The size of the mites ranges from 0.1-0.5 mm. Widely distributed throughout to the globe about 200 species. These arachnids live in mattresses and carpets and feed on dead skin particles, which a person loses annually in the amount of 350-400 g. Ticks leave behind feces containing digestive enzymes, which can cause severe allergic reactions in people.
To get rid of dust mites, you need to use mattress covers and pillowcases, which create a barrier between humans and the mites living in pillows and mattresses.
4. Reduce the use of chemicals
Almost all household chemicals are harmful. But with the use of chemicals the situation is not simple. On the one hand, we are forced to use them to thoroughly clean the house, wipe dust and collect pet hair. But what more effective remedy, the stronger it smells and the more toxic substances it spreads around itself, and this is already dangerous to health.
In order not to wear a protective mask around the apartment every time after cleaning, replace chemicals for regular vinegar or soap. In this case, only those things that have no aroma are safe for the human body.
This also applies to hairspray, perfume, glue, paints, air fresheners - they all pollute and make the air we breathe heavier.
5. Animal fur
The main problem with pets is their fur, which fills the apartment, resulting in an increase in dust and the need to clean much more often. But pet dander is actually much more harmful than pet dander. Despite the fact that the particles of this dandruff are quite large and cannot penetrate deep into the respiratory tract when breathing, they are also the cause of many diseases. The presence of animals in the house is especially dangerous for allergy sufferers, for whom dogs, cats and even birds are contraindicated.
But if you already have an animal, be sure to wash your hands after petting it. It is also better to keep your pet away from the bedroom - where you sleep and spend most of your time is definitely not the place for him.
6. Artificial air purification
Various electronic air purifiers, ionizers and humidifiers can significantly reduce the amount of small particles that float around us and enter our lungs. The main thing is not to forget to regularly clean the filters of these devices themselves.
And for the hot ones summer days It is better to use air conditioners that trap dust entering homes from the street.
7. Keep windows closed
Ozone and various allergens contained in street dust enter our lungs. Their number is especially large in large cities and industrial areas.
To protect yourself from their exposure, it is recommended to keep the windows in your apartment closed most of the day. However, periodically opening the windows and ventilating the apartment is simply necessary, especially if you have just cleaned the house and the environment smells strongly of chemicals contained in cleaning products.
8. Normalized physical activity
Oxygen is involved in almost all chemical processes in our body, plays an important role in metabolism, improves blood circulation and the absorption of vitamins and minerals. Any physical activity increases its consumption and helps prevent chronic diseases lungs and allergies.
But doctors warn that if you have already been diagnosed with the disease, you should not overexert yourself - this will interfere with your breathing and worsen the symptoms of the disease.
9. Fight against mold and mildew
Mold is ubiquitous. Basically, large colonies of mold grow in warm, humid places, in nutrient media. Many molds produce mycotoxins - these are toxins that have a depressing or toxic effect on other living organisms, including humans.
A variety of pathogenic fungi can cause dermatoses, diseases of the hair, nails, respiratory and genital tract, and oral cavity in humans.
A good ventilation system in the bedroom and bathroom can help prevent both mold and mildew. It is also necessary to maintain a certain level of humidity in the apartment - about 40%. To do this, do not overuse humidifiers. Increased humidity and air temperature can also lead to an imbalance in heat transfer and metabolism.
10. Stove and gas
Radiators, central heating and gas stoves are also dangerous. If there is a gas stove in the kitchen, then the air is full harmful substances formed during gas combustion: carbon oxides, sulfur dioxide, carcinogens, and others. When cooking, substances with toxic properties are formed: formaldehyde, ammonia, acrolein and others.
To reduce the harm from gas stove, it is recommended to ventilate more often during cooking or keep the window always slightly open. It is also important to keep the door to the kitchen closed while food is being prepared and install a hood that will draw in not only combustion products, but also toxic substances released during cooking.
It is known that a person can live without food for more than one month, without water - only a few days, but without air - only a couple of minutes. Our body needs it! Therefore, the question of how to protect air from pollution should occupy a high priority among the problems of scientists, politicians, statesmen and officials of all countries. To avoid killing ourselves, humanity must take urgent measures to prevent this pollution. Citizens of any country are also obliged to take care of cleanliness. It just seems that practically nothing depends on us. There is hope that through joint efforts we can all protect the air from pollution, animals from extinction, and forests from deforestation.
Earth's atmosphere
Earth is the only one known modern science planets on which life exists, made possible by the atmosphere. It ensures our existence. The atmosphere is, first of all, air, which must be suitable for breathing by people and animals, and not contain harmful impurities and substances. How to protect air from pollution? This is a very important issue that will have to be resolved in the near future.
Human activity
In recent centuries, we have often behaved extremely unreasonably. Mineral resources are wasted in vain. Forests are being cut down. The rivers are drying up. As a result, the natural balance is disrupted and the planet gradually becomes uninhabitable. The same thing happens with air. It is constantly polluted by all sorts of things entering the atmosphere. Chemical compounds contained in aerosols and antifreezes are destroying the Earth, threatening global warming and related disasters. How to protect air from pollution so that life on the planet continues?
The main reasons for the current problem
- Gaseous waste from factories and factories, released into the atmosphere in countless quantities. Previously, this happened completely uncontrollably. And on the basis of waste from enterprises that polluted the environment, it was possible to organize entire plants for their processing (as they do now, for example, in Japan).
- Cars. Burnt gasoline and diesel fuel form which escape into the atmosphere, seriously polluting it. And if you take into account that in some countries there are two or three cars for every average family, you can imagine the global nature of the problem under consideration.
- Combustion of coal and oil in thermal power plants. Electricity, of course, is extremely necessary for human life, but extracting it in this way is real barbarity. When fuel is burned, a lot of harmful emissions are generated, which greatly pollute the air. All impurities rise into the air with smoke, concentrate in clouds, and spill onto the soil in the form of trees, which are intended to purify oxygen. This greatly affects trees.
How to protect air from pollution?
Measures to prevent the current catastrophic situation have long been developed by scientists. All that remains is to follow the prescribed rules. Humanity has already received serious warnings from nature itself. Especially in last years The world around us literally shouts to people that the consumer attitude towards the planet must be changed, otherwise - the death of all living things. What do we have to do? How to protect the air from pollution (pictures of our amazing nature are presented below)?
According to environmental experts, such measures will contribute to a significant improvement in the current situation.
The materials presented in the article can be used in a lesson on the topic “How to protect air from pollution” (grade 3).
The method is intended for purifying air from pollution in cities and large populated areas. The method involves sucking polluted air from the surface of the roadway, purifying it of hydrocarbons and returning it to the environment. Polluted air is sucked into underground city communication networks with filtering and ventilation devices installed from them through external hatches equipped with air intakes. Purified air is discharged through open outlets of communication networks.
The invention relates to the field of environmental protection and, in particular, to the purification of polluted air. There is a known method for purifying air from pollution in cities and large populated areas, which consists in the fact that air containing vehicle exhaust gases is sucked from the surface of the roadway into special channels, where it is purified from hydrocarbons using filters and returned to the surrounding atmosphere. (GB patent N 1113528, class B 08 B 15/00, 1968). This method provides a certain effect on cleaning air on city highways polluted by vehicle exhaust gases, but requires large material costs during its implementation due to the construction of special structures for its absorption and purification and narrows the area for purifying polluted air. The technical result to which the invention is aimed is to reduce material costs for the construction of special structures for implementing the method and expand the areas covered by air purification. The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of purifying air from pollution in cities and large settlements, which consists in the fact that air containing exhaust gases from vehicles is sucked from the surface of the roadway into special channels, where it is purified using filters from hydrocarbons and returns to the surrounding atmosphere, polluted air is sucked into underground city communication networks with filtering and ventilation devices installed in their underground channels, through their external hatches located in populated areas and equipped with air intakes, and purified air is discharged into the atmosphere through the open outlets of these communications. The proposed method for purifying air from pollutants in populated areas increases the area of air purification, significantly simplifies this process and reduces the material costs of its implementation compared to the known method. The fact is that in the known method, taken as a prototype, specially equipped sidewalks are used, running along urban transport highways, in which special channels are installed, with air-suction and filtering devices installed in each of them, in curb stones Intake holes are made on these sidewalks, and the purified air is discharged into the atmosphere through specially constructed exhaust devices. As you can see, such a solution requires significant material costs and, in addition, the area covered by air purification in a populated area is limited. Suggested technical solution provides for the use of existing underground channels located in populated areas, urban underground communication networks for various purposes having access hatches or sewer grates located throughout the territory of these points, and the outlets of these networks into the atmosphere. It is planned to install fan units or other devices at the nodal points of the communication networks that create air rarefaction in the channels approaching the hatches to the nodal point of the communication, together with the corresponding filtering units that filter the air, and remove the purified air through the outlet channels to the outside into the atmosphere. If necessary, air intakes are provided in hatches through which air is supposed to be taken. Given the urgency of the problem of purifying polluted air in large cities, this method of purifying it is the most rational, significantly reduces material costs, since there is no need for the construction of air intake communications, the number of ventilation and filtering units is reduced, the area covered by intake devices in populated areas is increased and consumption is reduced. energy for sucking air into the line.
Claim
A method for purifying air from pollution in cities and large populated areas, which consists in the fact that air containing vehicle exhaust gases is sucked from the surface of the road surface, cleaned of hydrocarbons and returned to the environment, characterized in that the polluted air is sucked into underground urban communication networks with filtering and ventilation devices installed in them through external hatches equipped with air intakes, and purified air is discharged through open outputs of communication networks.
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